Worksheet 2 - read well PDF

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read well...

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Name: Neil El Meliani

Class: 10

Date: 3/3/2021

9.3 Fermentation Lesson Objectives Explain how organisms get energy in the absence of oxygen. Identify the pathways the body uses to release energy during exercise.

BUILD Vocabulary A. The chart below shows the key term in this lesson with its definition. Complete the chart by writing a strategy to help you remember the meaning of the term. Term

Definition

Fermentation

The anaerobic process that releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP

How I’m Going to Remember the Meaning I am going to remember by the word ferment and remember about the energy produced

B. As you work through this lesson, you may find this term in the activities. When you need to write the key term or its definition, highlight the term or the definition.

BUILD Understanding Venn Diagram A Venn diagram is made up of overlapping circles. It is a useful tool for comparing two or even three topics. As you read about the two forms of fermentation in Lesson 3, complete the Venn diagram below.

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Fermentation Fermentation is respiration without oxygen. In fermentation, energy is released from food molecules by producing ATP. There are two forms of fermentation: alcoholic fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation is what makes bread rise. It is also used in alcoholic beverages. Lactic acid fermentation is used to produce foods such as cheese, yogurt, pickles, and kimchi. The diagram below shows the two types of fermentation. Follow the directions.

1. Label the process that shows alcoholic fermentation. 2. Label the process that shows lactic acid fermentation.

Glycolysis

Glucose

CYTOPLASM NAD+ cycles back

NAD+ cycles back 2 Pyruvic Acid

2 CO2

Alcoholic frementation

2 Lactic Acid

2 Ethyl Alcohol

Lactic acid fermantation

Circle the correct answer. Questions may have more than one correct answer.

3. Alcoholic fermentation is used to make which product? bread cheese yogurt

pickles

4. What kind of taste do lactic acid bacteria give foods? sour sweet salty

spicy

5. What are some milk products made from lactic acid fermentation? milk sour cream yogurt

cheese

6. What is one main difference between fermentation and aerobic respiration? In aerobic respiration, carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced in the presence of oxygen. Fermentation is the process of energy production in the absence of oxygen.

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Fermentation The two main types of fermentation are named for the products they form. Complete the chart. Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation

Produces ATP anaerobically

Reactants End products Uses by humans

Glucose and Pyruvic acid

Products of Fermentation

Lactic acid, Carbon dioxide, and Hydrogen gas

It gives us energy when our body needs it

Humans drink alcohol that is produced in plants or industrially.

Energy and Exercise Humans have three sources of ATP. There is ATP stored in muscles, ATP made by lactic acid fermentation, and ATP made during cellular respiration. When short bursts of energy are needed, the body uses the ATP stored in muscles and ATP made by lactic acid fermentation. Cellular respiration is the only way to produce enough ATP for exercise longer than about 90 seconds. The timeline below represents the amount of time a person has been running. The time increments are in 30-second intervals for a total of 6 minutes. Color the part of the run when energy is most likely supplied by lactic acid fermentation.

Minutes

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

5.5

Answer the questions.

1. At what time does the runner’s body switch from energy supplied by lactic acid to energy supplied by cellular respiration? 1.5 2. Circle the correct answer. Which process gives a runner more energy? lactic acid fermentation cellular respiration 3. Circle the correct answer. You are in a race that lasts 25 minutes. Where will your body get the energy it needs? breakdown of glucose breakdown of fats 4. Compare the ATP production of a sprinter and that of a long-distance runner. ATP is used for short bursts of energy, for example a sprint, however long-distance runners their bodies produce fat that is broken down and used during the race which take more than 20 min.

6

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