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WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGYStudent name:KhushbooUID: 21BSCDate of Performance:19.Branch: CSESection Group:48 BObjective: To draw a sketch of motherboard, showcasing the PCIslots, Memory slots, Processor, CPU Fan, Heat Sink, Capacitors,Inductors and fan connector and explain the importance andrequirement of ...

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WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY EXPERIMENT-1.1

Student name:Khushboo UID: 21BSC8681 Date of Performance:19.OCT.2021

Branch: CSE Section Group:48 B

Objective: To draw a sketch of motherboard, showcasing the PCI slots, Memory slots, Processor, CPU Fan, Heat Sink, Capacitors, Inductors and fan connector and explain the importance and requirement of these devices.

WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY Let 24. us begin the role of incorporates acomputer's motherboard. In or essence, itwas serves twoConsequently, purposes: 28. 22. Active Passive A heat heat issinks sinks a main device utilize are that those the that have no power a fan mechanical supply another and components. mechanism may include to areduce fan. the 13. 9. Short 2 heatsink (a).with Why for peripheral do computers component have expansion interconnect, slots? PCI introduced by Intel they temperature are100% of reliable. a hardware component (e.g., processor). in electrical 1992. Provide power to of the individual components 25. these types heat sinks to are referred as an which short 10. Sometimes Computers have expansion slots give the to user theHSF, ability to isadd new 29. 23. There are heat two sinks heat are sink made types: of active an aluminium and passive. finned The radiator picture that is each an dissipates example heat of a 14. Passive The PCI bus came in both32-bit(133 MB ps)and64-bitversions and was Provide aheatsink route to allow the components to communicate with other for and fan. devices to their computer. heat through sink convection. that has active and passive cooling mechanisms. used to attach to a computer. There other things aboth motherboard does (e.g. holds the components place, 26. There are also liquid cooling systems, which have become popular ininrecent 11. are For example, a hardware computer gamer may upgrade their video card to get or provides feedback as tosinks howto well everything is capacity, functioning) but the aforementioned 30. years. passive heat work their full there should beto a steady 15. For Although better performance commonly in used their into games. computers from the late 1990s the early aspects are critical to how a PC operates, that almost every other part that makes airflow moving across the fins. 2000s, PCI sinks has since been replaced with PCI Express. 27. heat areallows often used in to conjunction with passive heat sinks. 12. Active An expansion slot them remove the old video card and add up a the 16. motherboard, is related to these two things. PCI newhas video begun cardto without die outreplacing quite a bit the though, motherboard. and has been succeeded by NearlyPCI every motherboard used in a standard desktop PC today will have Express. sockets for the processing (CPU),the memory 17. There is acentral very big differenceunit between two. modules (nearly always a type of DRAM), add-in expansion cards (such graphics card),amounts 18. PCI was a parallel interface, which means that it adealt with large storage, input/outputs, and a means to communicate with other computers of data by splitting them up and sending them at a low speed. and19. systems. PCI Express, in contrast, is a serial interface, which means that it sends Standard motherboards initially in termsthat of their size, and there are them one at a time, really differ fast. Imagine you have 20 people who all industry-wide standards that manufacturers tend to adhere to (and plenty of have to cross a river. others don't) interface, 10 of the people will cross at once. Each one has a 20. Inthat a parallel According to Wikipedia, a motherboard (also called mainboard, main circuit very specific landing point. board, system board, baseboard, planar board, logic board, mobo) the 21. However, when they are crossing, inevitably some will or get mixedisup in main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other their landing spot, and will have to cross again. expandable systems. It holds and allows communication between many of the crucial electronic components of a system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane, a motherboard usually contains significant sub-systems, such as the central processor, the chipset's input/output and memory controllers, interface connectors, and other components integrated for general use. This board is often referred to as the "mother" of all components attached to it, which often include peripherals, interface cards, and daughter cards: sound cards, video cards, network cards, host bus adapters, TV tuner cards, IEEE 1394 cards; and a variety of other custom components.

MOTHERBOARD: EXPANSION SLOTS:

PCI SLOTS:

4. HEAT SINK: 4.(a).ACTIVE HEAT SINK: 4.(b).PASSIVE HEAT SINK:

WORKSHOP TECHNOLOGY 31. Inprocessing layman’s terms, a tiny electrical component to the Central unit is a tocapacitor computeriswhat brain is to our body. It issoldered the master organ motherboard. Capacitors perform a couple of different functions. of a computer. 32. First ,a can capacitor conditions DC voltage to other components (e.g. the video card No computer exist without a CPU. ,hard drive, sound cardhardware etc) as a way provide a steady stream of and power. It is composed of two simpler unitsto- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) Control Finally, a capacitor can also hold or store an electric charge to be discharged at a Unit33. (CU). later all time, as in the case hardware of a camera flash. CU controls thesuch activities of other units while ALU performs all the 34. So, that’s what capacitors are, but what do they do? As we already mentioned, one calculations. of the functions offast a capacitor is that it conditions power to be sent to other Computer CPUs are very in their calculations and swift in control. components. The architecture of CPU was given by Von Neumann and most modern CPU’s are 35. TheVon reason for this that, while components rely on electricity to run, they’re also primarily Neumann inis architecture. verythe sensitive in voltage. Then with adventto of swings the Transistor, transistorized CPU’s were built. 36. For instance, a voltage spike could fry all of the components Earlier CPU’s were built out of surge bulky,or unreliable andcompletely fragile switching elements like within vacuum tubesyour andPC. relays. 37. After a computer's good amount of money on hardware, that’s notinput something you Control Unit:spending It tells the memory, arithmetic logic unit and and output devicesreally how want. to respond to the instructions that have been sent to the processor. It 38. Unfortunately amounts change all the time — they aren’t constant. So, provides timings and ,voltage control signals. do you stop from frying yoursubtract, components? With a capacitor. 10. ALU: It how is responsible foritarithmetic (add, 2’s complement, decrement, increment operations), logical(and,or,ex-or,1’s complement) and bit shift operations. 11. Registers: Memory Address Register, Memory Data Register, Program Counter and Accumulator. 12. Memory: The storage component of the CPU.

CAPACITORS: INDUCTORS: Short for electromagnetic coil, a coil is conducting wire such as copper shaped in a helical form around an iron core. The coil creates an inductor or electromagnet to store magnetic energy. Coils are often used to remove power spikes and dips from power. The picture is an example of an inductor on a computer motherboard. An inductor is essentially a coil of wire. When current flows through an inductor, a magnetic field is created, and the inductor will store this magnetic energy until it is released. In some ways, an inductor is the opposite of a capacitor. While a capacitor stores voltage as electrical energy, an inductor stores current as magnetic energy. Thus, a capacitor opposes a change in the voltage of a circuit, while an inductor opposes a change in its current.

CPU:...