Written assignment 1 - -experimental methodology to further the understanding of these visual cliff PDF

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-experimental methodology to further the understanding of these visual cliff experiments
-titled “Harry Harlow's work with infant monkeys”....

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Question 1. By now, you should have read the assigned parts of your textbook associated with the Prenatal and Infancy Lifespans. Scroll down this page, and you will see a video I have embedded titled “Harry Harlow's work with infant monkeys”. Watch this video, and answer Question 1a. Question 1a. What was the main conclusion that you drew from the video of the infant monkeys? What does your conclusion tell us about healthy social patterns of growth for infants? (1 point) Question 1b. Continuing with social patterns of growth associated with the Infancy Lifespan, refer to your textbook, and summarize (IN YOUR OWN WORDS), two behaviors that infants utilize to demonstrate their emotions. Your summary should be at least 1 paragraph for each of the two behaviors. (2.5 points) Question 2. Watch the video I have embedded (under "Content") titled “Visual Cliff Experiment”. After watching the video, you should understand how the researchers at Cal Berkeley were able to assess the ability of infants to visualize and perceive different depths. Required - to answer the below question (Question 2a), please click on the click on Discussions tab of Blackboard. After you do so, you will see a forum titled "Visual Cliff Experiment". Click on this forum. Then, click on "create thread". After you do this, you will see an entry for subject. Type anything you’d like for the subject line. Then, type, or paste, your responses to Question 2a in the message entry. When you are ready to submit your responses, click on submit. You are REQUIRED to post your answers to Question 2a in Discussions of Blackboard. DO NOT ATTACH A WORD DOCUMENT, OR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT, AS PART OF YOUR RESPONSE. Note that your post will be made available for everyone in the class to see. (5.5 points) Question 2a (post in Discussions). You are an experimenter, and you want to design your own experimental methodology to further the understanding of these visual cliff experiments. Provide the following of your scientific research: Hypothesis of your scientific research Experimental methodology you would use to validate your hypothesis Make sure you INCLUDE AND IDENTIFY, as part of your experimental methodology, the independent variable(s) dependent variable(s) control group experimental group Expected outcome(s) and/or conclusion(s) of your scientific research Question 2b (do not post in Discussions). What’s even more fascinating about these series of visual cliff experiments is that the infants have never been taught that crossing over these visual cliffs can be dangerous. Regardless, their movements (which are behaviors, as these movements

are observable by others), near these cliffs demonstrate that infants may have an innate understanding of danger based on what they see. Why do you think this is the case? Note that this answer should not be posted onto "Discussions". (1 point)

Answer Question 1a. The main conclusion that I drew from the video of the infant monkeys was that the baby monkeys spent significantly more time with their cloth mother than with their wire mother. the infant monkeys went to the wire mother only for food but preferred to spend their time with the soft, comforting cloth mother when they were not eating. The infant monkeys raised without mothers formed social deficiencies even without total isolation, exhibiting reclusive tendencies and sticking to their cloth diapers. Question 1b. Emotions have been part of our lives from a young age. The first method available to babies for interacting with those around them is sharing emotions. From birth, babies communicate their feelings through their posture, voice, and facial expressions. These behaviors assist their caregivers to adapt their actions to the emotional state of the infant. For example, a baby's tears may be an expression of his or her frustration and primary needs (to be fed or changed or to lie down). When babies like someone, they will smile at them, for example, baby’s older sibling, if the mother isn’t around the baby and the baby is crying to change the diaper, they might let the sibling change it for them. If someone else try to change it for them, the baby will cry until the mother carry the baby or someone they like. Question 2b. What determines their actual action of crawling over to the other end of the cliff is the realization of consequence i.e. potentially falling down owing to the lack of experience with crawling, tumbling down and getting hurt which, unlike the young infants, older infants are more likely to be aware of. So rather than a fear of height, the ability to perceive depth makes infants express hesitation in crawling over. This is because they probably sense their lack of physical abilities to attain success in this task as expressed through their physical movement during the task. Question 2a. Hypothesis of your scientific research: If young cats were to perform this test like normal human babies, we would see the same results just like the Original Visual Cliffs Experiment because cats holds the same emotional attachments as human being and would not know much about things like depth perception at a very young age Experimental methodology you would use to validate your hypothesis. I would perform the similar type of visual cliff experiment but with cats. independent variable(s): The cats will be called by the caretaker from the cliff sides dependent variable(s): The cat’s ability to walk to the other side of the cliff to its own caretaker. control group: The age of the cats.

experimental group: The Cats Expected outcome(s) and/or conclusion(s) of your scientific research The results I would expect from this experiment is that at first cat would get into a defensive position and not try to cross the cliff because they are scared thinking they will fall. slowly and gradually. If they see their caretaker, it will automatically give them courage to cross the cliff and they will adjust to the depth perception....