102 Quiz 1. Student COPY Ch. 1.2 PDF

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Quiz #1 Chapters 1, 2, 3, & 5 Do not write on this document. Place Answers on the scantron. 1. Which of the following is the best definition of psychology? a. the study of the human behavior (what we see) b. the analysis of the mind and its unconscious thoughts c. the study of mental activity and behavior based on brain processes d. the study of thoughts, social interactions, meaning, and emotions 2.

You are confident that your new roommate is a critical thinker after noticing the following bumper sticker on his car: a. “Show me the evidence!” c. “Trust your gut!” b. “The only truth is no truth.” d. “What is the meaning of life?”

3. Which of the following statements best describes psychology? a. Much of psychology is just common sense. b. Much of psychology is about applying what we feel to everyday life. c. Psychological principles are highly applicable to everyday life. d. Psychological principles are too scientific to apply to everyday life. 4. Freddy & Mary Anne are having a disagreement about the nature/nurture debate. Freddy correctly says, “Actually, the ‘nature’ portion of the debate refers to how a person thinks and acts and is a result of a. early education.” c. parenting.” b. inborn influences.” d. cultural norms.” 5. Psychoanalysis is a type of psychological treatment to resolve unconscious conflicts that cause mental disorders. This treatment was developed by a. Wilhelm Wundt. c. William James. b. Sigmund Freud. d. Edward Titchener. 6. The person who established the first psychology laboratory (hint: Germany), which marked the beginning of experimental psychology, was a. Wilhelm Wundt. c. William James. b. Sigmund Freud. d. Edward Titchener. 7. The psychologist who would be mostly likely to focus on mental functions, such as problem solving, attention, memory and decision making, would be a a. behaviorist. c. psychoanalyst. b. cognitive psychologist. d. humanistic psychologist. 8. Your uncle John always argued, “Stop studying mental events that cannot be directly observed!” Which school of thought would most likely agree with your uncle John? a. Cognitive c. Gestalt b. Behaviorism d. Psychoanalytic

9. Four psychologists, each from a different psychological perspective, are eating dinner. They notice their waitress is crying. When the waitress leaves, they each provide an explanation for why she is crying. What did the humanistic psychologist most likely say? a. “She is struggling with psychological blockages from unconscious conflicts.” b. “She thinks her job is harming her personal growth and preventing her from realizing her full potential.” c. “She was probably punished by her boss, or denied some expected reward.” d. “She is concerned about her biological clock and that she will not be able to pass on her genes.” 10. The type of psychologists who study, assess, and are trained treat individuals with psychological disorders are called ________ psychologists. a. school c. clinical b. industrial/organizational d. cognitive 11. The human body’s nervous system is built from billions of nerve cells, which are called a. neurotransmitters. c. axons. b. neurons. d. hormones. 12. The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system. a. Sensory c. somatic b. Peripheral d. central 13. Chemical substances that carry messages from one neuron to the next are called a. agonists. c. hormones. b. neurotransmitters. d. antagonists. 14. __________ fire when a person enacts a particular behavior and also when a person views another person’s behavior. These are also related to empathy. a. Motor muscles c. Mirror neurons. b. Empathy placers. d. Somatic responses. 15. Suppose you begin feeling extremely depressed and want a prescription drug to alleviate your depression. The drug you should take should affect the neurotransmitter a. dopamine. c. serotonin. b. epinephrine. d. acetylcholine. 16. The outer layer of the forebrain is called the ____________, which is divided into two hemispheres. It processes more complex mental activity. a. hippocampus c. amygdala b. cerebral cortex d. midbrain

17. Which of the following brain structures plays an important role in how we respond to fearful things? a. Hypothalamus c. Amygdala b. Cerebellum d. Occipital lobe

18. Contemporary brain research uses advance technology to view and measure changes in the brain. Which technique measures changes in the blood’s oxygen level? a. Electroencephalograph (EEG) c. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) b. Phrenology d. Lobotomy 19. The idea that the brain is extremely malleable and is continuously changing as a result of injury, experiences, or substances is known as a. plasticity. c. Myelination. b. genetics. d. phenotype. 20. The brain structure that is associated with the formation of memories is the a. thalamus. c. hippocampus. b. cerebellum. d. hypothalamus. 21. Consciousness is best defined as a. one’s subjective experiences of the external world and one’s mental activity. b. one’s ability to objectively pay attention to important information. c. moving from a state of wakefulness to a state of sleep d. processing of sensory information without full awareness 22. Which of the following is NOT an example of consciousness? a. moment-by-moment subjective experiences b. paying attention to one’s surroundings c. reflecting on one’s thoughts d. being in a persistent vegetative state 23. Which of the following best describes subliminal perception? a. processing of sensory information with conscious awareness b. processing of sensory information without conscious awareness c. an unconscious thought that is expressed at an inappropriate time d. an unconscious thought that soon becomes conscious 24. To treat his epilepsy, doctors sever Liam’s corpus callosum. As a result, Liam will a. experience a loss of consciousness. b. be unable to walk or talk c. have a split brain, where the right and left hemispheres cannot communicate d. be unable to form new memories. 25. Circadian rhythms can best be described as a. heartbeats that trigger a change in blood circulation. b. the changes that occur in wakefulness after jet lag and shift work. c. the regulation of biological cycles into regular, daily patterns. d. the time between sunrise and sunset, which determines sleep patterns. 26. REM sleep is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a. increased brain activity. c. body paralysis. b. sleep walking d. dreaming.

27. You tell your friend Juan about a dream in which you were a giant cupcake. Juan tells you the dream was meaningless and was only caused by random neural firings during sleep. Based on this you know that Juan most likely believes in the ________ theory of dreaming. a. Restorative c. dissociation b. activation-synthesis d. circadian rhythm 28. Tasha is a sleep-deprived college student. In class today, Tasha found her eyes rolling and her arm twitched. Tasha was most likely experiencing a. REM behavior disorder. c. narcolepsy. b. stage 2 sleep. d. stage 1 sleep. 29. Your roommate says that you seem to wake up dozens of times in the night, gasping for air, but are totally unaware of it. Based on this information, you may be experiencing a. narcolepsy. c. REM behavior disorder. b. insomnia. d. sleep apnea. 30. Hypnosis, meditation, and drug use all allow individuals to a. alter the quality and level of their consciousness. b. achieve a sense of “flow.” c. consciously change their behaviors. 31. The sense organs’ detection of external physical stimuli is called ________, whereas further processing, organizing, and interpreting of those stimuli in the brain is called ________. a. perception; sensation c. transduction; perception b. sensation; perception d. perception; transduction 32. When sensory receptors change physical stimuli into signals that the brain can understand, this is called a. sensation. c. sensory adaptation. b. absolute threshold. d. transduction. 33. The minimum intensity of sensory stimulation required before a sensation is detected 50 percent of the time is called a. the absolute threshold. c. the difference threshold. b. signal detection. d. sensory adaptation. 34. When Petra jumps into a cold lake, she feels as though she is freezing. After a few minutes, she no longer notices the cold and feels comfortable in the water. This change is best explained by a. signal detection. c. sensory adaptation. b. a just-noticeable difference. d. difference threshold. 35. The________ is a thin inner surface behind the eyeball and it contains sensory receptors. a. Lens c. rod b. Retina d. cone 36. Because of which of the following can you see different colors? a. Lens c. rods b. Retina d. cones

37. According to the ________ model of conceptual processing, the recognition of patterns occurs because data are relayed from a lower level to a higher level of processing in the brain. a. bottom-up processing c. continuity b. top-down processing d. binocular disparity 38. Each eye sees more of the world on its own side of the visual field. A combination of the views from the two eyes creates the depth cue of a. linear perspective. c. occlusion. b. texture gradients. d. binocular disparity. 39. Hearing is also called _____ and smell is called _________ a. Gustation, audition c. Audition, olfaction. b. Olfaction, gustation d. Occipital, Silation 40. The coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear that houses the sensory receptors is called the a. cochlea. c. oval membrane. b. eardrum. d. auditory nerve....