1101-1 - Lecture notes 1 PDF

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Welcome to Chemistry 1101

1

CHEM1101 – Semester 1, 2017

Lecture 1: • Administration, Course Organisation • Assessment • Overview of the Course • Revision of significant figures and scale Reading: • Blackman 2.1

Faculty of Science

Code for Success

My Degree The First Year Science eCommunity is a website that provides information and resources to ease your transition and maximise your success as a scientist at Sydney. The site can be accessed via

Research and Information Skills

sydney.edu.au/current_studen ts, by logging into the Learning

Management System (icon link can be found on the right) then clicking the ‘eCommunities’ tab in the bar menu.

FAQs

WelcometoFirstYearChemistry

• Questionsorproblemswiththecourse? DirectorofFirstYearStudies  TobyHudson(Room456) [email protected]

• Questionsorproblemswiththelabs? DirectorofFirstYearLaboratories  RobBaker(Room516A) [email protected]

Toby

Rob

WelcometoFirstYearChemistry

Notsureaboutsomething?AskSophie! • FirstYearEnquiryOffice(10am‐ 3.15pm) [email protected] Sophie

Needextrahelpwithcoursework? •

FirstYearChemistryLearningCentre

•

AtthebackofLabD– textbooks,computersetc and….

•

TutorsavailableMon‐Thu,1‐2pmfromweek2forfree consultations

•

DiscussionBoardoneLearning(Piazza)

FIRSTYEARCHEMISTRY CHEM1101 Syllabus,LearningOutcomesandAssessments • See“UnitofStudyOutlineandSyllabus”linkintheeLearningcoursemenu LectureNotes • See“Week1Resources” “LectureNotes”or “CourseResources” LectureNotes” Textbook • Recommendednotcompulsory(singlebookcoversbothsemesters):  Blackman,Bottle,Schmid,Mocerino andWille, Chemistry,3rdEdition(or2nd),2015(JohnWiley) ISBN:978‐0‐7303‐1105‐8(paperback)and978‐0‐7303‐2492‐8(e‐text)

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Informationandresources

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FirstYearChemistrywebsite:firstyear.chem.usyd.edu.au

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CHEM1101website:firstyear.chem.usyd.edu.au/chem1101  Accessanswerstotutorialproblems,lecturenotes,exampapersetc

•

eLearning:elearning.sydney.edu.au/  Accesspre‐labquizzesandresourcesfromoff‐site  DiscussionBoard

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ChemCAL:https://scilearn.sydney.edu.au/chemcal/  Self‐helptutorialsandquizzes

FIRSTYEARCHEMISTRY CHEM1101 Tutorials • Startinweek1– THISWEEK!– checkyourtimetable • Checkanswerstoquestionsintheproblembookonthewebbefore tutorial LaboratoryWork • Startsinweek2– checkyourtimetable • Ifyou’vepreviouslypassedthislabcourse,applyforanexemptionASAPat http://goo.gl/forms/Z0Y2yGhgJo Assessment • 15%laboratoryassessment(seefirstlabsessionfordetails) • 15%tutorialquizzes(3persemester:weeks5,9and12) • 10%weeklyonlinequizzes(seelecturefordetails) • 60%examattheendofsemester

Weeklyvideoandquiz Video • Coversessentialcontentfortheweek’slectures • WatchBEFOREthestartoftheweek • Wewillassumeyouhaveseenthevideo Quiz • Linkedtocontentofvideo • Quizzeswillbeavailablefor2weeks • Youcantakethequizasmanytimesasyoulike • Yourbest10quizzescounttowards10%ofyourmark

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Laboratoryinformation

LaboratoryHandbook‐ Free – collectduringyourfirstlabsessioninweek2 Safetyglassesmustbeworn– Canbeboughtinthelabinweek2orfrom theUnion LaboratoryCoat‐ ComplyingtoAustralianSafetyStandards • BuyfromtheCo‐Opbookshop,UniversityofSydneyUnionorFacultyeStore (http://www.science.usydestore.com.au/)forlessthan$30  Mustbewhiteandlongsleeved FootwearandLongHairCovered footwearmustbewornduringalllab classes– nosandalsorthongs. Longhairmustbetiedback

Laboratoryinformation

LaboratoryBehaviour,ClothingandLateness • Theacademicinchargeofthelaboratoryisresponsibleforthesafety andgoodrunningofthelabs.Itistheirdecisionaboutthe appropriatenessofclothes,shoes,behaviour,lateentrytolab.

FIRSTYEARCHEMISTRY CHEM1101 Whattodothisweek….. • Readtheunitoutlineandmakesureyouknowwhenyourassessmentsare • InvestigatetheeLearningsite:therearealotofresourcesonit! • Goontothediscussionforumandintroduceyourself • Downloadthetutorialhomeworkforweek1andcheckyouranswerswiththose availableonline • Noneedtodoanythinglabrelatedbeforeyoursessioninweek2

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Lectureetiquette Ifyouarerunninglate • enterthebackofthetheatreandquietlytakeaseat • donotlookforfriendsandtrytositnexttothem ThelecturestartsatXX:05andfinishesatXX:55 • Iwon’tstartthelectureuntilthetheatreisquiet • Iwill finishatXX:55,soyouhaveashortlectureifwestartlate

check your university email regularly

Emailingetiquette UseyourUniversityemailaddress • Otherwisewecannotlookupyourinformationandseewhoyouare • Universityemailaddressesaretobeusedforallofficial correspondence • Ifyouwritefromapersonalemailaccount,wemayreplytoyour Universityaccount. Bepolite,notdemanding • Signoffwithyourname. Donotexpectareplywithinminutes

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“Piazza”Discussionboard Usethisresource • Bereadingquestionsthatothershavewrittentolearnasmuchasyoucan • QuestionsaboutlecturecontentMUSTbeaskedthroughPiazza.Individual emailswillnotberepliedto Replytoeachother’squestions • Haveagoatreplying(politely)– tutorscancheckandendorseyour answers. Questionsnottoask • Personalquestions(addressthesetoDr Hudson) • Questionsaboutswappinglabdays(gotolabresourcesoneLearning) • Questionsthathavealreadybeenasked– searchpostsfirst! Bepolite,notdemanding Donotexpectareplywithinminutes 16

FIRSTYEARCHEMISTRY CHEM1101 Lecturers • Weareveryapproachable‐ ifyouhavequestions,talktous! • Thereare3seriesofthisunit: • Weeks1‐7:  A/ProfRonClarke(1) [email protected]  ProfBrendanKennedy(2) [email protected]  DrSamDuyker(3) Ron Brendan [email protected] • Weeks8‐13:  DrTristanReekie(1) [email protected]  ProfPeterHarrowell(2) [email protected] Tristan Peter

Sam

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Course overview The Nucleus Lectures 1-4

Molecular Structure Lectures 15-17

Bonding Lectures 11-14

Electrons and the Atom Lectures 5-10

Intermolecular Forces Lecture 18

Assumed knowledge We assume HSC Chemistry Core. Some aspects of HSC Options will be covered in this Unit. For revision, see Web Resources on the First Year Chemistry Web site, and read over the introductory topics in any General Chemistry text Topics - Atomic and molecular structure, states of matter, elements & compounds, moles, stoichiometry (balancing reactions), classes of chemical reactions, periodic table. This week’s video and quiz revises the mole concept

Socrative https://b.socrative.com/login/student Room number: chem1101

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Scale of things in nature http://htwins.net/scale2/

10-8 m 10-11 m

10-5 m

10-9 m

10-2 m

1m

30 m 21

Significant Figures A measurable quantity consists of number and a unit. A scientific measurement is judged on its precision and significant figures in a number provide with that certificate or merit. Significant figures (s.f.) are those digits in a number that are meaningful to its precision. For example, while rounding of numbers the precision can be compromised: 13.468 has five s.f., 13.47 has four s.f., 13.5 has three s.f., and 14 has two s.f., whereas 10 has one s.f. To maintain precision while solving any mathematical equation involving numbers, calculations and answers should always be reported in the same number of significant figures as that of the input variables provided. 22

Significant Figures - Rules 1. 2. 3. 4.

All non-zero digits are significant Zeros appearing between any two non-zero digits are significant Leading zeros are not significant Trailing zeros in a number containing decimal point are significant

Number

s.f.

Rule

Number

s.f.

Rule

424

3

1

024

2

3

42400

3

1

0.024

2

3

4.24

3

1

42.400

5

4

40024

5

2

424.00

5

4

4.0024

5

2

4240.0

5

4

Helpful check: If you can get rid of zeros while writing a number in scientific notation (e.g. 42400 = 424 E+2), they are not significant 23

Units A measurable quantity consists of number and a unit. A unit provides measure to the numerical quantity associated to it For example, speed of sound at sea level is approximately 340 m s-1 Here ‘m’ stands for meters and ‘s’ stands for second. These are fundamental units for distance and time, respectively. The speed of sound can also be written as 1224 km h-1. Though both quantities are same but are differentiated from units associated to them.

1224 km h 1  1224

km 1000 m  1224   340 m s 1 h 60  60 s 24

Units Fundamental units are units for physical quantities from which all other units can be generated. In the International System of Units (SI system), there are seven fundamental units: kilogram (kg), meter (m), candela (cd), second (s), ampere (A), kelvin (K) and mole (mol) Newton (N), which is a unit for force is composed of combination of fundamental units : kg m s-2

Force [ N]  Mass [kg] Acceleration [m s 2 ] Joules (J), which is a unit for energy is composed of combination of fundamental units : kg m2 s-2

Energy [J]  Force [kg m s 2 ]  distance [m] 25

First Year Chemistry CHEM1101 The Nucleus Lectures 1-5

Molecular Structure Lectures 16-18

Bonding Lectures 11-15

Electrons and the Atom Lectures 6-10

Intermolecular Forces Lecture 19

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Learning outcomes After attending this lecture, and undertaking associated tutorial and other learning activities, you should be able to: • use the appropriate number of significant figures • perform proper unit analysis

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