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Test Bank for Macionis/Gerber, Sociology, Ninth Canadian Edition Chapter 14: Race and Ethnicity Multiple Choice Questions 1) Human beings are all a. members of a single biological species. b. members of various species, depending on colour. c. members of various species, depending on cultural background. d. members of various species, depending on where in the world they live. Answer: a Page Reference: 371 Skill: Factual 2) The concept of “race” refers to a. people who fall into any minority category. b. a person’s skin colour. c. a cultural heritage shared by a category of people. d. a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important. Answer: d Page Reference: 371 Skill: Conceptual 3) Typically, people who live in _____ perceive fewer racial categories than people who live in _____. a. Canada; Brazil b. Brazil; Canada c. Brazil; the United States d. the West; the East Answer: a Page Reference: 372 Skill: Factual 4) What is one reason sociologists consider the “scientific” racial types of Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negroid to be misleading and even harmful? a. Every society’s population is homogenous. b. Various racial categories are genetically very dissimilar. c. The skin colour of many different races ranges from very light to very dark. d. Mongoloid is no longer an acceptable term to use. Answer: c Page Reference: 372 Skill: Factual 5) Which of the following concepts refers to a shared cultural heritage? a. race b. minority c. ethnicity d. stereotype Answer: c Page Reference: 374–375 Skill: Conceptual 6) Race refers to _____ considered important by a society; ethnicity refers to _____. a. cultural traits; biological traits b. biological traits; cultural traits c. differences; what we have in common d. what we have in common; differences Answer: b

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Page Reference: 371, 374 Skill: Conceptual 7) A family leaves Russia and takes up residence in Canada, where they gradually lose cultural traditions. Doing so, these people have modified their a. race. b. ethnicity. c. ancestry. d. religion. Answer: b Page Reference: 374–375 Skill: Applied 8) Which of the following concepts refers to a category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged? a. minority b. ethnic category c. racial category d. out-group Answer: a Page Reference: 375 Skill: Conceptual 9) In Canada, minorities typically have less a. trouble integrating. b. occupational prestige. c. desire to attain status. d. need to attend post-secondary. Answer: b Page Reference: 376 Skill: Factual 10) A minority is defined as a category of people who are a. small in numbers and disadvantaged. b. less than half the society’s total population. c. set apart by that society and disadvantaged. d. born in some other country. Answer: c Page Reference: 375 Skill: Conceptual 11) Which of the following statements about prejudice is true? a. Prejudice involves accurate judgments. b. Prejudice treats everyone in some category in the same way. c. Prejudice can only be negative. d. Prejudice is a natural, healthy, first impression in most societies. Answer: b Page Reference: 376 Skill: Conceptual 12) You would be expressing a “stereotype” if you a. made any generalization about people. b. stated an exaggerated description and applied it to everyone in some category. c. held an opinion about someone based on personal experience. d. treated everybody in an unkind way. Answer: b Page Reference: 376

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Skill: Applied 13) With whom do we associate authoritarian personality theory? a. Adorno b. Bogardus c. Marx d. Durkheim Answer: a Page Reference: 377 Skill: Factual 14) Scapegoat theory states that prejudice is created by a. culture beliefs. b. high levels of immigration. c. frustration among disadvantaged people. d. people with rigid personalities. Answer: c Page Reference: 377 Skill: Conceptual 15) Authoritarian personality theory states that extreme prejudice is a. built into culture itself. b. a trait of certain individuals. c. found among poor and disadvantaged people. d. found among most people in all societies. Answer: b Page Reference: 377 Skill: Conceptual 16) According to T.W. Adorno’s authoritarian personality theory, prejudiced people a. view society as naturally hierarchical. b. reject ethnocentrism. c. cannot easily see actions as either right or wrong. d. tend to reject any conventional cultural values. Answer: a Page Reference: 377 Skill: Conceptual 17) A good example of the culture theory of prejudice is a. T.W. Adorno’s research on prejudiced people. b. Emory Bogardus’s research on social distance. c. W.I. Thomas’s vicious cycle theory. d. Jeremy Bentham’s Panopticon theory. Answer: b Page Reference: 377 Skill: Applied 18) Conflict theory states that prejudice is a. used by powerful people to justify oppressing others. b. built into culture itself. c. common among immigrants. d. common among certain people with rigid personalities. Answer: a Page Reference: 377–378 Skill: Conceptual 19) While prejudice is a matter of _____, discrimination is a matter of _____.

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a. biology; culture b. attitudes; action c. choice; social structure d. abnormality; what a society considers normal Answer: b Page Reference: 376–378 Skill: Conceptual 20) Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that a. some people hold rigid and unfair attitudes. b. bias was more pronounced in this nation’s history. c. bias is built into the operation of social institutions. d. many people still hold prejudiced opinions. Answer: c Page Reference: 378 Skill: Conceptual 21) The complexity of community organizations that meet the needs of ethnic minorities is called a. institutional comprehensiveness. b. institutional inclusiveness. c. institutional thoroughness. d. institutional completeness. Answer: d Page Reference: 379 Skill: Conceptual 22) The policies of multiculturalism in Canada a. support the goal of full participation by melting into the majority. b. promote unity through diversity. c. were officially adopted in the Multiculturalism Act of 1968. d. discourage the French and the English from accepting new immigrants. Answer: b Page Reference: 379 Skill: Conceptual 23) The idea that prejudice and discrimination form a vicious cycle means that a. prejudice is more common than actual discrimination. b. it is easy to prove that most stereotypes are wrong. c. most people will act on their prejudices. d. bias is easily continued over time. Answer: d Page Reference: 378 Skill: Applied 24) The claim that defining members of some minority as inferior will make them inferior is one application of a. social distance research. b. the iron law of oligarchy. c. the Thomas theorem. d. authoritarian personality theory. Answer: c Page Reference: 378 Skill: Factual 25) Which of the following concepts refers to a state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct but have social parity? a. genocide

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b. segregation c. assimilation d. pluralism Answer: d Page Reference: 379 Skill: Conceptual 26) Critics of multiculturalism in Canada suggest that a. it encourages immigrant adaptation. b. it is supportive of the development of a shared Canadian identity. c. ethnic identification weakens the social fabric of Canada. d. no one in Canada desires to live in a multicultural country. Answer: c Page Reference: 379 Skill: Conceptual 27) Canada is not truly pluralistic because a. some people live in “ethnic enclaves.” b. many people value ethnic diversity. c. racial and ethnic categories do not have roughly equal social standing. d. some races are obviously superior. Answer: c Page Reference: 379 Skill: Conceptual 28) Assimilation refers to the pattern by which a. people become more tolerant of minorities. b. minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant category. c. all minority categories become more equal in social standing. d. people regain their lost cultural heritage. Answer: b Page Reference: 380 Skill: Conceptual 29) The adoption of the English or French language by African immigrants to Canada is an example of a. genocide. b. segregation. c. assimilation. d. pluralism. Answer: c Page Reference: 380 Skill: Applied 30) The Matsui family came to Canada from Japan 30 years ago. They now speak English at home and the Matsui children date non-Japanese students at college. This family’s story is closest to which of the following concepts? a. pluralism b. segregation c. assimilation d. miscegenation Answer: c Page Reference: 380 Skill: Applied 31) Which of the following concepts refers to the physical and social separation of categories of people? a. assimilation b. racial typology

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c. ethnic enclaves d. segregation Answer: d Page Reference: 380 Skill: Conceptual 32) Reitz and Breton suggest that the “cultural mosaic” of Canada and the “melting pot” of the U.S. result in a. a multicultural Canadian society and an assimilated American society. b. low rates of criminal activity in Canada and high rates in the U.S. c. minimal differences in assimilation or economic integration. d. the maintenance of diverse languages in Canada and their disappearance in the U.S. Answer: c Page Reference: 379–380 Skill: Conceptual 33) The existence of Africville in Halifax is an example of a. assimilation. b. segregation. c. pluralism. d. miscegenation. Answer: b Page Reference: 380 Skill: Applied 34) The adoption of the English language by Iranian immigrants to Canada is an example of a. genocide. b. segregation. c. assimilation. d. pluralism. Answer: c Page Reference: 380 Skill: Applied 35) Which of the following is NOT one of the three urban centres in Canada with significant Black populations? a. Halifax b. Vancouver c. Toronto d. Montreal Answer: b Page Reference: 381 Skill: Factual 36) More than half of Nova Scotians who belong to visible minorities identify themselves as a. “old stock” Canadians. b. “from away.” c. French-Canadians. d. Aboriginals. Answer: a Page Reference: 381 Skill: Conceptual 37) Which of the following statements about Canada is accurate? a. Segregation has been practiced in the past, but rarely occurs at the moment. b. Segregation has been practiced historically, as well as currently. c. Most segregation that occurs in Canada is voluntary.

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d. Segregation in Canada is primarily an urban phenomenon. Answer: b Page Reference: 380–381 Skill: Conceptual 38) According to your text, the clearest example of segregation in Canada is found in our treatment of a. Loyalists in Nova Scotia. b. Aboriginal peoples. c. the Chinese. d. the English. Answer: b Page Reference: 380 Skill: Conceptual 39) The killing of the Tutsis by the Hutus in Rwanda is a recent example of a. assimilation. b. genocide. c. miscegenation. d. hypersegregation. Answer: b Page Reference: 382 Skill: Conceptual 40) The ancestors of which of the following groups first settled the lands of the Western Hemisphere? a. WASPs b. European Canadians c. African Americans d. Aboriginal peoples Answer: d Page Reference: 382–383 Skill: Factual 41) When the first Europeans arrived in the Americas in the 15th century, Aboriginal peoples a. followed shortly thereafter. b. had just migrated to North America from Asia. c. came with them from Europe. d. were already here. Answer: d Page Reference: 382 Skill: Factual 42) In what was then Yugoslavia in the spring of 1999, 10 000 ethnic Albanians were victims of _____________ by their Serbian neighbours. a. assimilation b. ethnic cleansing c. fratricide d. cultural cleansing Answer: b Page Reference: 382 Skill: Conceptual 43) The first recorded slave trade in Canada was in a. 1492. b. 1629. c. 1867. d. No slaves were ever bought or sold in Canada. Answer: b

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Page Reference: 381 Skill: Factual 44) Which is TRUE of slavery in Canada? a. The only slaves in Canada came from the American South. b. Slavery was essentially unsuited to Canadian agriculture. c. The Canadian government abolished slavery shortly after the American government did the same. d. Slavery was abolished in Western Canada before it was abolished in Eastern Canada. Answer: b Page Reference: 381 Skill: Factual 45) In 2001, _____% of Canada’s population claimed Canadian ethnicity as a single-origin response. a. 9 b. 18 c. 39 d. 85 Answer: c Page Reference: 383 Skill: Factual 46) After “Canadian” ancestry, which of the following is most claimed as ethnic origin by Canadians? a. English b. German c. Italian d. American Answer: a Page Reference: 383 Skill: Factual 47) Which of the following is the province with the lowest visible minority population, according to Figure 14-2? a. British Columbia b. Alberta c. Nova Scotia d. Newfoundland Answer: d Page Reference: 383 Skill: Factual 48) In which of the following provinces is the presence of visible minorities the highest? a. Newfoundland b. New Brunswick c. Ontario d. British Columbia Answer: d Page Reference: 383 Skill: Factual 49) Which of the following statements about Aboriginals is TRUE? a. They have lower levels of educational attainment. b. Because of federal transfers, they have higher incomes than Asian Canadians. c. They have high levels of labour force participation. d. They have half the unemployment rate of Black Canadians. Answer: a Page Reference: 385 Skill: Factual

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50) _____________ is the diversity capital of Canada. a. Toronto b. Vancouver c. Montreal d. Winnipeg Answer: a Page Reference: 384 Skill: Factual 51) There are approximately _______ people in Canada with Aboriginal roots. a. 500 000 b. 1 million c. 2.5 million d. 3.5 million Answer: c Page Reference: 386 Skill: Factual 52) The relationship between Aboriginals and Ottawa can be described as a. respectful. b. reciprocal. c. non-bureaucratic. d. paternalistic and bureaucratic. Answer: d Page Reference: 386 Skill: Conceptual 53) Which of the following is TRUE? a. Canada has an essentially “European” parliamentary system with some British, some French, some German, and some components from several other countries. b. The dominant culture in Canada is Anglo-Saxon. c. The majority of Canadians speak French. d. In the past, admission to Canada was controlled primarily by the government of Quebec. Answer: b Page Reference: 386 Skill: Conceptual 54) The removal of Aboriginal children from reserves so they could attend boarding schools a. was accompanied by a system of regular visits with their parents. b. was accompanied by programs of economic development on the reserves, in preparation for the return of these children. c. resulted in a lack of preparation to live effectively in either Aboriginal or non-Aboriginal worlds. d. was not accompanied by attempts at conversion to Christianity. Answer: c Page Reference: 386–387 Skill: Conceptual 55) The Inuit of Canada’s far north have experienced gradual erosion of traditional patterns of life because of a. a degraded environment due to exploratory and drilling activities. b. their desire to abandon tradition. c. the addition of other cultures into their families, changing their ways of life. d. weak cultural ties eventually degrading and disappearing. Answer: a Page Reference: 387 Skill: Factual

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56) Currently in Canada, a. there is little public support for greater self-determination for Aboriginal peoples. b. urban migration and assimilation are effectively alleviating problems for Aboriginal peoples. c. Aboriginal communities on reserves and elsewhere are surviving and growing. d. the inherent right to Aboriginal self-government is recognized legally and constitutionally. Answer: c Page Reference: 387 Skill: Conceptual 57) The APTN headquarters are in a. Toronto. b. Iqaluit. c. Winnipeg. d. Regina. Answer: c Page Reference: 388 Skill: Factual 58) The Quiet Revolution in Quebec in the 1960s a. greatly diminished the political power and social influence of the Catholic Church. b. expanded the role of the federal government in economic affairs of the province. c. privatized Hydro-Quebec. d. established a department of education that encouraged a liberal arts education. Answer: a Page Reference: 389–390 Skill: Factual 59) The election of the Parti Quebecois in 1976 paved the way for which of the following changes in the province of Quebec? a. children of immigrants would be educated in French b. large federal transfer payments to improve the French educational system c. an increase in inter-provincial migration into Quebec d. increased interest, on the part of corporations, in investment in the primary sector of economy Answer: a Page Reference: 390 Skill: Factual 60) In which of the following ten-year periods was immigration to Canada highest? a. 1895–1904 b. 1905–1914 c. 1945–1954 d. 1985–1994 Answer: b Page Reference: 392 Skill: Factual 61) Canada currently admits about ________ immigrants per year. a. 100 000 b. 175 000 c. 225 000 d. 300 000 Answer: c Page Reference: 392 Skill: Factual

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62) What is the concept, which Quebec would like included in the Canadian Constitution, which has provoked major concern in the rest of Canada? a. special society b. unique characteristics c. distinct society d. devolution Answer: c Page Reference: 390 Skill: Conceptual 63) In 1962, Ellen Fairclough, Canada’s first woman federal cabinet minister a. put an end to White Canada immigration policy. b. campaigned to retain national origin as an important criterion for entrance into Canada. c. opposed the development of a point system for immigration. d. campaigned for a nationwide system of classes that teach English to non-English speaking immigrants. Answer: a Page Reference: 393 Skill: Factual 64) The major source of immigrants to Canada for the period 2006–2011 was a. Europe. b. the Philippines. c. China. d. South America. Answer: b Page Reference: 393 Skill: Factual 65) Which of the following is among the three classes of people eligible for landed immigrant status, according to the Immigration Act of 1976? a. handicapped class b. dependent adult class c. humanitarian class d. refugee class Answer: c Page Reference: 393 Skill: Factual 66) Most of the immigrants who have come to Canada in recent decades have gone to a. Alberta and Ontario. b. Ontario and British Columbia. c. Alberta, B.C., and Manitoba. d. Ontario and Quebec. Answer: b Page Reference: 393 Skill: Factual 67) Your text refers to Canada as an experiment in a. mosaical assimilation. b. new age melting pot theory. c. miscegenation. d. multi-layered pluralism. Answer: d Page Reference: 394 Skill: Conceptual 68) According to the text, if Canada is to survive as a nation, it will be because

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a. the number of immigrants is gradually reduced over at least the next ten years. b. economic independence becomes the prime criterion for admission to Canada as an immigrant. c. we have forged an identity out of diversity. d. we have forged an identity by emphasizing our similarities. Answer: c Page Reference: 394 Skill: Conceptual 69) From which world regions do most of today’s immigrants come? a. Asia b. Africa c. Latin America d. Europe Answer: a Page Reference: 393 Skill: Factual True/False Questions 70) Although based on physical traits like skin colour, the concept of “race” is constructed by society. a. True Correct b. False Incorrect Answer: a Page Reference: 371 Skill: Conceptual 71) In the Canadian pavilion in Disney World, a movie about Canada is shown that has no white people in it. a. True Incorrect b. False Correct Answer: b Page Reference: 371 Skill: Factual 72) Scientific research shows that there are three biologically pure races. a. True Incorrect b. False Correct Answer: b Page Reference: 372 S...