2 13 Regimes (Anocracy) PDF

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Dakota Thomas - Studying anocracies...

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Regimes - Anocracy I.

II.

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The Spectrum A. Today, we will be focusing on autocracy. Anocracy Autocracy

Democracy

Anocracy A. Anocracy = A regime with some democratic characteristics and some autocratic characteristics. 1. AKA: Mixed regimes, pseudo-democracies, hybrid regimes, illiberal democracies, electoral authoritarianism, etc. B. Elected officials’ power is limited 1. Party competition is restricted 2. Fairness of elections is compromised, but still competitive 3. Civil/political rights are severely limited Elections A. Recall from last week that elections are a hallmark of democracy. 1. But what if they aren’t “free and fair”? 2. How do we know if they are accurate? 3. What if elected leaders aren’t powerful? B. Elections in Non-Democracies 1. Vary considerably! a) Level of elected positions b) Power of officials c) Degree of autonomy from the leader d) How results are counted e) Freedom of press and organization 2. Why do non-democracies even hold elections? a) Self-interest b) Threats (1) Elites (a) Elections could be a good way to spread around spoils. (b) Elites may view elections as “fair”/”efficient.” (c) Popular elites associated with the regime. (d) Signal of power, (2) Opposition (a) Limited advancement for opponents. (b) Split opponents into: (i) Included vs. Excluded (ii) Participate vs. Not

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(iii) Coalitions vs. Separate (iv) Accept Results vs. Reject (3) Citizens (a) Useful information such as: (i) Bases of support + opposition (ii) Targets for punishment and reward (iii) Low support for local leaders 3. So elections help autocratic leaders. a) Do they necessarily hurt ordinary people? (1) Not always: (a) Dialogue with leaders. (b) Turnover + limited accountability. (c) Access to patronage and resources. Linear History A. Scholars and the public assume democracy is the end goal. 1. Optimism a) “End of History” - Francis Fukuyama 2. Reality is more complicated than this....