2.0 Philippine Games Classified-,Physical Education PDF

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PHILIPPINE GAMES (Laro ng Lahi/Larong Pinoy)Laro ng Lahi the generic term for all forms of recreational play. There is no specific term forcompetitive games. “ Laro tayo’ means playing for fun without concern for consequence or engage in a highly competitive contest. The closest Filipino word for co...

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PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi PHILIPPINE GAMES (Laro ng Lahi/Larong Pinoy) Laro ng Lahi the generic term for all forms of recreational play. There is no specific term for competitive games. “Laro tayo’ means playing for fun without concern for consequence or engage in a highly competitive contest. The closest Filipino word for competitive game is labanan but even this term is very broad in scope for it applies to every form of conflict, fight, rivalry or contest. On the other hand, the term palaro which refers to a group of special-occasion games that takes place during wakes, festivals and town fiestas. The latter seems to be the closest Filipino term for “games” inasmuch as all these games are competitive in nature and each contest has always been resolved to a conclusion. A game according to Elliott M. Avedon and Brian Sutton-Smith, is an exercise of voluntary control system which there is an opposition between forces, confined by a procedure and rules in order to produce a disequilibrial outcome. Characteristics Generally Recognized in Games 1. A game is a free and voluntary activity. It is a player’s own choice to play when he wants to, with whom, why, and how. A game should never be imposed by anyone and never made a moral duty of a player. 2. A game has two or more forces (individual or team) of equally matched caliber in opposition. The moment that one player or team has an edge over the opponent, in one form or another at the very inception of the contest, the activity stops being a game in the true sense of the word. 3. A game is governed by rules. There may be some argument over what rules to follow, for different players know the different versions of the game, but there never is any argument over the use of rules. Once established, these rules are binding. They are laws. 4. A game is make-believe. From the viewpoint of the world outside, a game is not real. A game takes place in a temporary world within the ordinary world. Players step out of real life into a temporal sphere of activity. But the paradox in a game is that while players are only pretending and everything is done strictly for fun, there is seriousness in the pretense. To players, the game is very real and very important, and they are intensely committed to it. 5. The outcome of the game is uncertain. If the result of the game is known in advance, it ceases to be a game. Competition in a game brings about tension. Tension due to uncertainty leads to chanciness. A player’s ultimate objective is to use strategy that would tip the initial equilibrium between him and his opponent in his favor at the end of the game. 6. A game is non-utilitarian. It produces no goods and no services. 7. A game is separate and selective. Players consider their activity as a closed unit in their chosen space and time and anything happening outside at that moment is irrelevant. 8. A game has a dual function. It teaches the rules of society and at the same time serves as an escape from the restrictions of society. Games are considered by adults as good devices for socialization. Children are believed to learn teamwork, fair play, tolerance, and sportsmanship from games. But by the same token, players sometimes resort to all forms of

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PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi aggression, cruelty, even sadism, in their desire to win. In other words, games allow that the players may want to do in society but cannot do unless in a game contest. They give the rules of society but at the same time allow the players to break these rules.

CLASSIFICATION OF GAMES I.

ANIMALS PARTICIPATING IN MAN’S GAMES A. Man and Domesticated Animals 1. Paligsahan ng Kalabaw 2. Suwagan ng Kalabaw B. Man and Birds 1. Kalapati 2. Sabong-Sabungan C. Man and Insects 1. Alitaptap (Furefly) 2. Baboy-Babuyan (Armadillo Bug) 3. Kuliglig (Cricket) 4. Kukurya (Ant Lion)

II. ORDINARY GAMES A. Physical Games 1. Duels a. Binti (Leg Combat) b. Buhat Baiwang (Waist Lifting) c. Buno (Wrestling) d. Bunong Braso (Arm Wresting) page 105 e. Butag (Fist Pounding) f. Culliot (Rope Pulling g. Hari-Hari (Deposing a King) h. Kagkagtin (Kicking Game) 2. Mock Warfare (Between Groups of Players) a. Bagbagto (Rock War) b. San Juan (Battale of Mud and Water) c. Bihagan (Prisoner’s Base) page 135 d. Presohan (Taking Prisoners) e. Dinoron (Pushing with Bamboo) f. In-narrian (Dump the Rider) g. Bi-ac (Break the Chair) h. Pasa Pacing (Pass Pacing) i. Patintero (Block the Enemy) page 150 3. Chasing Games

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5. Lundagan ng Lukton (Jumping Grasshopper Contest) 6. Paaway sin Tobak (Ant Fight) 7. Paet ng Salagubang(Beetle Fight) 8. Saputan ng Gagamba (Spider Fight) D. Man and other Animals 1. Karera ng Suso (Snail Race) 2. Sigay-Sigay (Smashing Snails) 3. Sipitan ng Talangka (Crab Fighting)

i.

Kawit ng Daliri (Finger Wrestiling) page 114 j. Kawit ng Paa (Foot Wresting) k. Pindutan (Hand Squeezing) l. Putulan (Chopping Sugar Cane) m. Sipat (Slapping Thighs) n. Tampalan ng Kamay (Slapping Hands) j. k. l. m. n. o. p.

Pilantikan (Shooting Paper Wads) page 155 Sis-sis-ki (“I Catch Your Ankle”) Sumpitan (Blow Gun Battle) Cuarta sa Lobe (Money in the Coconut Husk Kawat-Kawat (Stealing Stcks) Sambunot (Grab the Coconut Husk) page 165 Agawan ng Panyo (Snatching Handkerchief)

PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi a. Chaser’s Touch is Potent and Feared 1. Aswang-Aswang (Witch Tag) 2. Basket ng Prutas (Basket of Fruits) 171 3. Buwan-Buwan (MoonMoon) 4. Canding-Canding (Goat-Goat) 5. Ginto-Ginto (Gold-Gold) page 176 6. Habulan (Tag Chase) 7. Lagundi (Head Tag) 8. Nadipahan Ka (Touched by Outstretched Arms) 9. Dakpanay (in and Out of Circles) 4. Racing Games a. Batlangay (Piggyback Race) page 198 b. Bilaran (Back-to-Back Race) c. Hilahan sa Dahon ng Niyog page 201 d. Ikutang Dala-Dalawa (Round and Round in Pairs) e. Kadtarget f. Kareka ng Alimango (Crab Race) g. Karera ng Bangka (Boat Race) 5. Hoping and Jumping Games a. Biola (Leapfrog) page 225 b. Kingking (Hopping to a Post) c. Luksong Bayo (Broad Jump) d. Luksong Lubid (Jump Rope) 6. Hide and Seek Games a. Umiinit, Lumalamig (Getting Hot, Getting Cold) b. Halika Hanapin Mo (Come Search for It)

10. Pan Coan-Coana (Chase Inside a Circle) 11. Tumbang Preso (knock the Can Down) page 185 b. Touch by an Object or Hand Substitute is Feared 1. Anino (Shadow Tag) 2. Ora-Ora Comanching (Witch’s Stick Tag) c. Immunity or Sanctuary from Touch 1. Araw-Lilim (Sun-Shade) 2. Kapitang Bakod (Wood Tag) 3. Hipuan ang Kulay (Touch the Color)

h. Karera Ss Bao (Coconut Stilts Race) i. Karera ng Itlog (Egg Race) j. Kareka sa Bilog (Clock Relay) k. Kaba-Kaabyuhan (Bamboo Horse Race) l. Pagulungan (Hoop-Rolling Relay) m. Pari-Pari (Racing in Chairs) n. Takbuhan ng Patalikod (Running Backward) e. Sig-Sigking (Hopping with Sticks) f. Tinikling Game (Jumping between Bamboo Poles) c.

Sala Unggoy (Hinding like a Monkey) d. Sipang Lata (Kick the Can) page 244 e. Taguan (Hide and Seek)

B. Games of Dexterity or Skills 1. Skill in the Manipulation of Objects a. Belador (Kite Fight) b. Bola sa Buslo (Ball in a Basket)

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c. Dama (Chess) d. Dampot Bao Coconut Shell)

(Spin

a

PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi e. Laban ng Amor Seko (Grass Fighting) f. Lituhan (Bamboo Puzzle) g. Siklot (Flicking Stones) h. Kadsimbaw

i. j. k. l.

2. Skill in Hitting Objects a. Bati-Cobra (Hitting Sticks) page 283 b. Tatlumpu at Isa (Thirty-one) c. Shatung d. Biakan (Splitting Sugar Cane) e. Billar de Barimbao (Barimbao Billard) f. Buga (Nut-Spitting) g. Buko (Coconut Volleyball) h. Gonggongan (Stopping a Rolling Hoop) page 301 i. Guinnayang (Hitting a Pile of Grass) j. Payas (Bamboo with Palm Rib) k. Holen (Marbles) page 305 l. Juego de Anillo (Ring on String) m. Kalahoyo (Hole-in) 3. Skill in Throwing a. Lambanog (Buri Slings)

n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. w. x. y.

Tamsing (Coconut Shell Twirling) Tapatan (Three in a Row) Damang Intsik (Chinese Chess) Turumpo (Spinning Top) Bombahan (Bombing) Lipay (Lipay Bowling) Pata (Wooden Disc) Pabagsak (Shell Combat) page 321 Palmo (Rolling and Hitting Coins) Pispis Ining Pikoy (Game of Pikoy) Sipa (Rattan Football) page 328 Kasipa sa Mangis (Kick a Ball at a Net) Takyan (Kicking Lead Washers) Tangga (Hiting Stacked Coins) Pacuring (Knocking a Coin from a Line) Tupa (Stiking Coconuts)

b. Balibagan ng Bubog (Throwing Bubog Slings)

4. Skill in Climbing a. Palo Sebo (Greased Bamboo Climbing) 5. Skill in Balancing a. Balinswek (Head Standing)

b. Pitasan ng Buko (Picking Young Coconuts) b. Buwal Pare Matchsticks)

C. Mimetic or Drama Games 1. Mimicry of Animals a. Baka-Bakahan (Pretend Bull) b. Kadja-Kadja (Trapped Bull) c. Boaya (Crocodile) d. Baboy-Baboy (Pig-Pig) e. Baloboaya (Man-Eating Crocodiles) f. Lawin at Sisiw (Hawk and Chicken)

(Balancing

g. Kiti-Kitian (Pretend Chicks) h. Kutkot Mani (Dig Peanuts i. Mag-a-Mag-Anak (Relatives) j. Pusa at Daga (Cat and Mouse) k. Suwagan (Butting Heads)

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PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi 2. Mimicry of Inanimate Objects a. Ikabil Mo Diay Curibot (Put It in the Wicker Basket) 3. Mimicry of Other People and Their Activities a. Arnis (Sword Play) b. Bahay-Bahayan (House to House) c. Bulong Pare (Whisper to the Priest) d. Higit-Higit Blungkay (Pull, Pull, Away) 4. Courtship Games a. Bato Panyo (Throw a Hankerchief) III. JOKES AND TRICKSTERS GAMES A. Practical Jokes 1. Basag Banga (Break the Pot) 2. Halik sa Pwet ng Palayok (Kiss the Black Pot) 3. Halo-Halong Kalamay (Confusion) 4. Kwarta sa Noo (Coin on the Forehead) 5. Paligsahan sa Pagpapabab ng Pera (Contest on Manipulating a Coin) B. Games of Power and Play 1. Adda Manok Mo, Pedro? (Do You Have a Rooster, Pedro?) 2. Agawang Sulok (Grabbing Corner) 3. Ati-Ati (Older Sister) 4. Hepping (Answering “Hep!”) 5. Ilong, Ilong, Bibig (Nose, Nose, Mouth) C. Guessing Games 1. Angel y Demonyo (The Angel and the Devil) 2. Bordon de los Bordones (Bordon of the Bordons) 3. Yato-Yato 4. Didal (Thimble) 5. Gansal o Pares (Odd or Even) D. Hiding and Hunting Objects 1. Lumalamig-Umiinit (Getting Cold-Getting Hot) 2. Sulot (Loop-Hunting)

b. Palo-Palo (Support the Pole

e. Langka-Langka (Jackfruit Thief) f. Pakwan-Pakwan (Watermelon Thief) g. Pase en Orden (Pass in Order) h. Serereng b. Kita, Ay! (We saw, Ay!)

6. Pabitin (Lattice of Goodies) page 434 7. Pilipitan ng Dila (TongueTwister) 8. Puto Seko (Whistling Game) 9. Sisiran ng Pera sa Arina (Coin in the Flour) 10. Tuktukan ng Itlog (Smashing Eggs)

6. Maliit-Malaking Palayok (SmallBig Pot) 7. Istatua (Statue) 8. Musiko-Misiko (Music-Music) 9. Nawasak and Awto (Wreck Car) 10. Tawanan (Laughing Game) 11. Pik-Pak-Bum (Nonsense Words)

6. 7. 8. 9.

Kaliwa or Kanan (Left or Right) Bato o mais? (Stone or Corn) Takip-Silim (Blind Man) Katok-Bao (Clapping Coconut Shells) page 472 10. Halika Hanapin Mo (Come, Search for It) 3. Tago-Tago Stone)

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sa

Bato

(Hiding

PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi E. Games of Chance 1. Beto-Beto (Betting) 2. Bunutan (Drawing Lots) 3. Capona (Counting Left-Overs) 4. Cara y Cruz (Head and Cross) 5. Birachapa (Coconut Shell and Coin) 6. Chabiqui (Card in a Box) 7. Dais (Shell Dice)

8. 9. 10. 11.

“Lucky Mine” “Night and Day” D”Elaga (Oh, Rat!) Padola, Comento (Pass the Flame) 12. Bato-Bato (Stone-Stone) 13. Tablita (Little Table of Sqaures)

IV. FORMULA GAMES A. Cumulative Games 1. Bagol (Coconut Formula Games) 2. Berong-Berong (Link Tag) 3. Luksong Tinik (Hurdling Thorns) 4. Lumuwas Ako (Went on a Trip) B. Other Formula Games 1. Game Tales a. Verso-Verso (Verses) 2. Circular Games a. Juego de Prenda (Forfeit Game) 3. Games Avoiding all Pronouns

5. Piko (Hopscotch) 6. Sintak (Jacks) 7. Sungka (Board Game) page 528

Distribution

a. Buwan, Hulugan Mo “Ko ng Sundang (Moon, Drop Me a Big Knife) 4. Verbal Jousts a. Dupluhan (Verbal Debate) b. Isahan (Teasing Game) c. Maalaala Mo Kaya? (Will You Remember Me?)

PRE-GAMES (Preliminaries to Games) A. Selecting Leaders Special qualities are generally needed in persons who are to be leaders. Among Filipino children, it is often customary for the oldest player to step forward, appoint himself leader and automatically assigns roles to the younger players. In games where two teams have to compete, the second oldest or biggest player steps forward and becomes the self-appointed leader of the other team. What is fascinating here is the fact that the younger players accept the authority of the selfappointed leaders without objection. This is due to the fact that Filipino children are taught at an early age to respect and obey their elders, including older brothers and sisters, even if the age difference is only a matter of months. Old age adequate with maturity, experience and wisdom. Older people are expected to act as “kings” and “queens” or judges in addition to acting as leaders. B. Choosing Sides Players are selected often for the playing qualities needed for the particular game to be played. The characteristics vary in different games. The least popular player and therefore the last to be chosen is the cheater or the poor sport. Such a player is subject to contempt since he generally gets his team into disputes and runs a risk of increasing team’s foul.

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PATH-Fit 3: Laro ng Lahi There are times when players themselves are allowed to choose the sides they wish to belong to. In such a case, each group, is identified by the name of the leader. It is interesting to note the great emphasis placed on the group leader. Such a practice is significant since it gives insight into how Filipino society inherently develops authoritarian leaders not only in games but also in various social, economic, religious, and political institutions. C. Who will be “IT” and choosing the “IT” There are games that require one player to take the role different from the rest. Such a player is called taya or it in English. Some Philippine games refer to such a player as aswang or mandurugo, both terms being vampire in Philippine lore. People all over the world have many ways of choosing the “it”, but whatever method is used, the ideal universal rule dictates the strict impartiality must be employed in the choice of the first player to step into the role. On the other hand, manipulative strategies are often employed to limit or remove chance as factor in the selection of an “it”. This is especially true in “counting-out” where studies by folklorist like Kenneth Goldstein prove that various tricks like choosing a specific rhyme for a specific number of players will end on oneself; or to insure against his being “it” the counter (taga bilang) will skip over himself on the second and successive times around. Sometimes the person “counted out” may be designated “it” if he is not the counter’s friend but the counter will continue be repeating the rhyme until all but one player ha s been “counted out” and the player is “it”, etc. The following are the most popular methods used in the Philippines for choosing the “it”: A. Counting-out Rhymes 1. Penpen de Sarapen 2. Mini, Mini, May, Na, Mo 3. One, Two Bato 4. Isa, Dalawa, Tatlo 5. Red, White and Blue B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I.

Catching Finger (with a counting-out rhymes) Bato, Bato sa Langit (with a counting-out rhymes) Jack en Poy (with a counting-out rhymes) Bunutan Tao o Ibon (toss coin) Tihaya o Taub (tsinelas) Gansal o Pares Kaliwa o Kanan

Reference: A Study of Philippine Games by Mellie Leandicho Lopes, 2001

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