460 study guide 5 - Professor: Chelsea Andrews PDF

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Professor: Chelsea Andrews...

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An older person retires and begins experiencing health problems. Consequently, the person loses contact with old friends and becomes unpleasant to be around. A behaviorist would explain the resulting depression in terms of: A) learned helplessness. B) object relations loss. C) sociocultural changes. D) loss of positive social rewards. -D The type of clinician who would be MOST likely to ask "What are some things you enjoy doing, and how often do you do them?" would be a: A) psychodynamic clinician. B) behavioral clinician. C) cognitive clinician. D) sociocultural clinician. -B Cognitive theorists explain depression in terms of a person's: A) negative interpretation of events. B) symbolic losses. C) decrease in positive activities. D) ethnic background. -A Which statement would NOT reflect a part of the cognitive triad? A) Everyone is out to get me. B) Life is just too overwhelming. C) I don't even want to wake up tomorrow. D) I just can't go on. -A Which theoretical orientation would the research finding that depressed people choose more pessimistic and self-deprecating statements in a storytelling test demonstrate? A) behavioral B) biochemical C) cognitive D) sociocultural -C Martin Seligman has developed a theory based on the idea that depression results from: A) the loss of a loved one, real or symbolic. B) negative thinking and maladaptive thoughts. C) a decrease in the number of positive reinforcements. D) a belief that one has no control over the events in one's life.

-D Many victims of spousal abuse stay with their abusers, even though it is obvious to others that they should, and actually could, leave. A good explanation for their behavior is: A) symbolic (imagined) loss. B) learned helplessness. C) artifact theory. D) body dissatisfaction. -B According to the DSM-5, all of the following are considered symptoms of a manic episode EXCEPT: A) distractibility. B) inflated self-esteem. C) decreased need for sleep. D) suicidal ideation. -D The difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder is: A) the number of depressive and manic episodes. B) the severity of the manic episodes. C) the number of depressive episodes. D) the seasonal variation in the episodes. -B The strongest evidence for the cause of bipolar disorders BEST supports which theoretical perspective? A) cognitive B) biological C) behavioral D) humanistic -B drug ... intoxication -a cluster of temporary undesirable behavioral or psychological changes that develop during or shortly after the ingestion of a substance tolerance -the brain and bodys need for ever larger doses of a drug to produce earlier effects withdrawal

-unpleasant, sometimes dangerous reactions that may occur when people who use a drug regularly stop taking or reduce their dosage of the drug LSD -lysergic acid diethyl amide -hallucinogen drug derived from ergot alkaloids mescaline ... psilocybin ... MDMA -ecstasy delirium tremens (DTs) -a dramatic withdrawal reaction that some people who are dependent on alchohol have. it consists of confusion, clouded consciousness, and terrifying visual hallucinations korsakoff syndrome -an alcohol related disorder marked by extreme confusion, memory impairment, and other neurological problems barbiturates -addictive sedative hypnotic drugs that reduce anxiety and help people sleep opium -highly addictive substance made from the sap of the opium poppy freebase -a technique for ingesting cocaine in which the pure cocaine basic alkaloid is chemically separated from processed cocaine, vaporized by heat from a flame, and inhaled with a pipe cross tolerance -tolerance for a substance one has not taken before as a result of using another substance similar to it aversion therapy -treatment in which clients are repeatedly presented with unpleasant stimuli while they are performing undesirable behaviors such as taking a drug cyclothymic disorder -marked by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and mild depressive symptoms

Tom uses alcohol to the point that it is central to his life. As a result, he develops a physical need for the drug. Tom's disorder is known as _____. -substance use disorder The actual effect of alcohol on the nervous system is that of a(n) _____. -depressant When Melody stopped taking barbiturates, she suffered a period of nausea, insomnia, and sleep problems. This phenomenon is known as _____. -withdrawal The brain's neurotransmitters that help to relieve pain are called _____. -endorphins Several minutes after Lannie took LSD, her perception of color changed and she saw objects that weren't there. She was experiencing a(n) _____. -hallucination Willa was watching television when she suddenly saw pretty wavy colors that looked just like her last LSD trip, six months ago. Her experience is an example of a(n) _____. -flashback Pairing the craving for a drug with an electric shock is an example of _____. -aversion therapy Learning coping strategies to deal with situations known to stimulate drinking is part of _____ training -relapse prevention Within seconds of getting the injection, Glenda, a relatively new heroin user, was in the middle of withdrawal symptoms. The injection was probably a(n) _____. -narcotic antagonist, naloxone, antagonist drug _____ is a drug that has been used as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of addiction. -methadone When alcohol concentration reaches _____ percent of a person's blood by volume, that individual has reached a state of intoxication. A) .05 percent B) .08 percent C) .09 percent D) .10 percent -C...