5 – NK Cells Worksheet PDF

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Completed WorkSheet from Week 5...

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Worksheet for anti-viral innate immunity and NK cells Define the following terms: Autocrine: Cell makes type 1 interferon, secretes, and responds to it in same cell Paracrine: One cell produces type 1 interferon and neighboring cell responds to it Which are the PRR that recognize viral nucleic acids? in the membrane?: None in the cytosol?: RIG-I and MDA5 Name the cytokines in the type I interferon family One beta and many alpha What receptor(s) on the cell surface binds to type I interferon? Type 1 interferon receptor

What is an anti-viral state? Induced by paracrine effect, all neighboring cells go into anti-viral state. Inhibits viral protein synthesis, degrade viral RNA, and inhibit viral gene expression and virion assembly

Which TLR(s) work with MyD88 as their exclusive signaling adapter molecule? TLR2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 Which TLR(s) work with TRIF as their exclusive signaling adapter molecule? TLR3 Which TLR(s) work with either MyD88 or TRIF or both? TLR4 What effects does type I interferon have on NK cells? 1. undergo proliferation 2. To become activated

NK cell KIR receptors with short cytoplasmic tails are considered ACTIVATING receptors that recognize ABNORMAL proteins on a target cell surface (DAP12) NK cell KIR receptors with long cytoplasmic tails are considered INHIBITORY receptors that recognize NORMAL proteins on a target cell surface

What type of NK cell function would you predict in a patient deficient in the KIR signaling adapter, DAP12? They are not going to kill What type of NK cell function would you predict in a patient with no inhibitory receptors? A lot of normal host cells will be killed The transcription factor Nf-KB is activated down stream of most TLR upon stimulation and mediates the expression of many pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. What is the name of the transcription factors that mediate production of Type I interferon? IRFs – interferon response factors How do NK cells actually kill target cells? Create a synapse between NK cell and target cell, they form a pore or initiate apoptosis What molecules are required for this killing activity? Perforin (forms pore) and granzymes (induced apoptosis) If a target cell expresses stress proteins upon viral infection, which group of receptors will recognize and respond to this? Activating

If a target cell down-regulates MHC (normal protein) expression upon viral infection, which group of receptors will fail to recognize and respond to this? Inhibitory

What is apoptosis? Programmed cell death

Which cytokines work together to induce the acute phase response from the liver during infection? IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha

NK cells respond to Type 1 interferon by undergoing proliferation and activation. Once activated, they express IF-Gamma or type II interferon which activates Macrophages...