8 - Lecture notes 8 PDF

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lectures notes for lesson 8...

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1. Alternation between wakefulness and sleep depends completely on stim uli in the environment. a. True *b. False

2. Young children are more likely to be “morning people” than older adu lts. *a. True b. False

3. Bright light late in the afternoon shortens the circadian rhythm. a. True *b. False

4. The mean preferred time of going to sleep gets later and later until about age 20 and then starts a gradual reversal. *a. True b. False

5. Professor Everest tells his class that the most potent zeitgeber for humans is temperature. a. True *b. False

6. Olinda is blind; therefore, she does not have circadian rhythms. a. True *b. False

7. Biological clocks are very resistant to environmental influences. *a. True b. False

8. The biological clock depends on part of the hypothalamus, called the suprachiasmatic nucleus. *a. True b. False

9. Professor Rhine tells her class that the pineal gland releases melat onin. *a. True b. False

10. Bettie tells her classmate that dreaming only occurs during REM sle ep. a. True *b. False

11. After removing all sensory input to the brain, an animal would cont inue to have periods of sleep and wakefulness. *a. True b. False

12. Orexin is not necessary for waking up, but it is for staying awake. *a. True b. False

13. Jaleesa has been diagnosed with insomnia because she has sleep atta cks while she is awake. a. True *b. False

15. The activation-synthesis theory of dreams argues that dreams are th e result of random brain activity. *a. True b. False

17. Pr of e s s orLa mont e l l shi sc l a s st ha thu ma nse xpe r i e n c es e v e r a ld i ffe r e n tc i r c a di a nr h yt h msw

hi c ha l ll a s t_____ . a. a bout12hour s *b. a bout24hour s c. a bouton ey e a r d. d i ffe r e ntt i me sde p e nd i n go nape r s on ’ sg e nde r

18. Wh i c hoft hef ol l o wi n gi smo s tc l e a r l yun de rt hec ont r olofac i r c a di a nr h yt hmi nmos ta ni ma

l s ? *a. S l e e p b. S t or a geofbo d yf a t c. Mi gr a t i o n d. Ma t i n g

19. Su ppos ey o uf e l li nt oac a v ea ndl os ty ourwa t c h. Wi t houta n yt i mec ue s ,y o u rc i r c a d i a nr h y t hmwo ul d____. a. i nc r e a s edr a ma t i c a l l yo v e rt i me b. c e a s et oe xi s t c. d e c r e a s eo v e rt i me *d. r e ma i nr e l a t i v e l ys t a bl e

21. Wh i c hs t a t e me nti st r uewi t hr e g a r dt ot h edur a t i onofas e l f g e ne r a t e ds l e e p/ a c t i vi t yc y c l e ? a. I ti su nr e l i a b l ei nmos ts pe c i e s ,a ndde pe nda b l yc l o s et o24hour son l yi npr i ma t e s . b. I ti sl o n g e ri ft h eor g a n i s mi snor ma l l ya c t i v ei nt heda r k. c. I tr a r e l yv a r i e sf r o mon ei n di v i du a lt oa no t he r , i fa ta l l . *d. I ti shi ghl yc ons i s t e nti nag i v e ni n di v i d ua li nagi v e ne n vi r on me nt .

22. Ma mma l sha v ec i r c a di a nr h yt hms____. a. o n l yf ort h e i rs l e e p / a c t i vi t yc y c l e b. o n l yf orf r e que nc yofe a t i n ga nddr i nki n g c. f ors l e e pa ndbod yt e mpe r a t ur eo nl y *d. f orav a r i e t yofa c t i vi t i e s , i n c l udi n gs l e e p

23. Su ppos ey o uwor konas u bma r i newi t honl ya r t i fic i a ll i g ht . Youa r er e qui r e dt of ol l o was c h e dul eofwo r k i n gf o r12hou r sa ndt h e ns l e e pi n gf or6. Wh a tr h y t h m, i fa n y , wi l ly oura l e r t ne s sa n dbodyt e mpe r a t ur es ho w? a. Th e ywi l lf o l l o war h yt hmof1 8h our s . *b. Th e ywi l lf ol l o wt heus ua l r h yt hmof24hou r s . c. Th e ywi l lf o l l o war h yt hmof2 1h our s . d. Th e ywi l lc e a s et os ho wa n yc on s i s t e ntr h yt h m.

24. Ba s e donr e s e a r c h, i tha sbe e nde t e r mi ne dt ha tt hehu ma nc i r c a d i a nr h y t hma p pe a r st obe__

__. a. s hor t e rt ha n2 4ho ur s b. e x a c t l y24hour s *c. j us to v e r24ho ur s d. c l o s e rt o28h our s

25. S oc i a ls t i mul i —t h a ti s , t h ee ffe c t sofo t he rpe o pl e —a r ewe a k__ __, unl e s st h e yi ndu c ee x e r c i s eoro t h e rvi g or ousa c t i vi t y . a. e ffe c t s b. mo t i v a t or s c. r h yt h ms *d. z e i t g e b e r s

26. Ana s t r ona u tor bi t i n ge a r t he x pe r i e nc e s4 5mi nu t epe r i odsofda y l i ghta l t e r na t i n gwi t h45mi nut ep e r i o dsofda r kne s s . Wha ti sl i k e l yt oha ppe n? a. Th ea l t e r na t i n gpa t t e r nsa l l o wf orn or ma lr h yt h m de v e l op me n t . b. Th e ya r ef ul l ya l e r tdur i n gwa k e f ulpe r i ods . c. Th e ya r ea bl et os l e e pdur i n gr e s tpe r i o ds . *d. Th e ys l e e ppoo r l ydu r i n gr e s tpe r i o ds .

27. Ap e r s on ’ sc i r c a d i a na c t i vi t yc y c l ewo ul dmos tl i k e l yd r i f tou tofp ha s ewi t ht h ea c t i vi t yofot he rp e opl ei ft h epe r s on____. a. s p e ndsape r i o doft i mei nt hewi l de r ne s s , a wa yf r omc l oc ks b. h a bi t ua l l ye a t sabi gme a lj u s tbe f or eb e dt i me *c. s p e ndsape r i o doft i mei ns e c l us i on, a wa yf r om s unl i ght d. l i v e sne a rt hee q u a t or , whe r et hes e a s onsdono tv a r y

28. A“ z e i t g e be r ”i sa ( n)__ __ . a. b i ol o gi c a l c l oc k b. a ni ma lt h a tdoe sno tha v eabi ol ogi c a lc l oc k *c. e n vi r o nme n t a lc uet ha tr e s e t sabi ol o gi c a lc l oc k d. b o d ya c t i vi t yt ha ti sc ont r ol l e db yabi o l o gi c a lc l oc k

29. Pr of e s s orMor a ntt e l l she rc l a s st h a tt h emos tpo t e ntz e i t g e be rf orl a n da n i ma l s( i nc l ud i n ghu ma ns )i s_____.

*a. l i ght b. t h et i de s c. t e mp e r a t ur e d. t h es e a s ons

30. Mi awa n t st ot a k eat r i p, buts hei swor r i e da bo utj e tl a g . Wh a ta d vi c ewo ul dy o ugi v ehe r ? a. Tr a v e l i n gt ot h ee a s ti se a s i e r . *b. Tr a v e l i n gt ot h ewe s ti se a s i e r . c. Th edi r e c t i onoft r a v e lma ke snodi ffe r e n c es os hes houl dpi c khe rf a v o r i t epl a c e . d. Th ee ffe c tv a r i e sgr e a t l yf r omp e r s ont ope r s ons os hes houl da s khe rdoc t orf o ra d v i c

e .

31. Le swi l lbet a ki n gat r i p, a ndh ei swo r r i e da bouth o wt oha ndl ehi sj e tl a g .Wha ta d vi c ewou l dy ougi v ehi m? a. Hen e e dst ot a keme l a t o ni ni nt h emor ni n gt owa keup. b. Hen e e dst oe xpos ehi ms e l ft ohott e mpe r a t ur e swhe nhea r r i v e st or e s e thi sc i r c a di a n

r h yt h m. *c. Hen e e dst os l e e pi nada r kr oom. d. Hen e e dst oa v oi dbr i ghtd a y l i ght .

32. Ad i s r upt i onofc i r c a d i a nr h yt hmsdu et oc r os s i n gt i mez one si skno wna s____. a. c i r c a s hi f t b. p h a s e l a g *c. j e t l a g d. z e i t g e be r

33. Re s e a r c honc i r c a d i a nr h y t hmsha ss ho wnt ha toneoft h ebe s twa y st oi n c r e a s et hea l e r t n e s s

a nde ffic i e n c yofwor ke r so nni ghts hi f t si st o____. *a. e xpo s et h e mt obr i ghtl i gh t swhi l et he ywor k b. k e e pt hee n vi r on me n t a lt e mp e r a t ur ec ons t a n tf r om ni ghtt oda y c. h a v et he me a tabi gme a lbe f or eg oi ngt os l e e p d. a l l o wt he mt oc a t na p

34. Wh e ns t ud yi n gdi s r upt i onst ot h eb i o l o gi c a lc l oc ki na ni ma l s , wh a td i dCur tRi c ht e rfind? a. Bl i nd i n ga ni ma l ss t r on gl yd i s r upt e dt he i rc l oc k.

b. Re nde r i n ga ni ma l sde a fs t r on gl ydi s r upt e dt he i rc l oc k . c. Lo n gpe r i o d soff or c e da c t i vi t ys t r on gl yd i s r upt e dt hec l oc k. *d. Th ebi ol o gi c a lc l oc ki si n s e ns i t i v et omos tf or msofi nt e r f e r e nc e .

35. Wh a tha ppe n sa f t e rd a ma g et ot hes upr a c hi a s ma t i cn uc l e usi t s e l f ? a. Li ghtnol on g e rr e s e t st hebi o l o gi c a lc l oc k, butt hea ni ma lc ont i nue sg e ne r a t i nga24h ourr h yt hm. *b. An i ma l s ’a c t i vi t yp a t t e r nsbe c omel e s sc ons i s t e nta ndnol on g e rr e s p ondt ol i ghta nd da r kc y c l e s . c. An i ma l sl os et he i rbi o l o gi c a lr h yt hmsoft e mp e r a t ur e , butk e e po t h e rc i r c a di a nr h yt h ms . d. An i ma l sbe g i nt oma i n t a i nac ons t a ntl e v e lofa c t i vi t yt hr ou g houtt he24hou rda y .

36. Pr of e s s orChe n gt e l l she rc l a s st ha tt h eSCNi sf oun di nt he____ _. *a. h ypo t ha l a mus b. t h a l a mu s c. b r a i ns t e m d. p i ne a lg l a nd

37. Af t e rda ma g et ot h es upr a c hi a s ma t i cnu c l e us , t h ebody____ . a. c a nnotg e ne r a t ebi ol o gi c a lr h yt h ms b. s t i l lha sr h yt h msi ns ync hr on ywi t he n vi r onme n t a lpa t t e r nso fl i ghta ndda r k *c. s t i l lha sr h yt h ms , b utt he ya r el e s sc ons i s t e nt d. s t i l lha sr h yt h ms , butt he yc a no nl yber e s e tb ya r t i fic i a ll i ght

38. I fs upr a c hi a s ma t i cnu c l e usne ur onsa r edi s c onne c t e df r om t h er e s toft h ebr a i n ,t h e y____. a. n ol on g e rp r oduc ea n ya c t i vi t y *b. c ont i n uet opr odu c ea c t i vi t yt h a tf ol l o wsac i r c a di a nr h yt h m c. p r oduc ea20hourr h y t hm d. p r oduc es p ont a ne ousbur s t sofa c t i vi t y , b utonnor h y t h mi cpa t t e r n

39. Wh a ti st h er ol eoft h es upr a c hi a s ma t i cnu c l e usi nc i r c a di a nr h yt hms ? *a. I t sne ur onsg e ne r a t ea24ho urr h yt h mb yt he ms e l v e s . b. I t sne u r onsc a nr e s e tt hebi ol og i c a lc l o c k, b utt he ydono tg e ne r a t ei t . c. I tr e l a y sv i s ua li nf or ma t i ont ot hebi ol o g i c a l c l o c k.

d. I tr e l a y si n f o r ma t i onf r o mt h ebi ol o gi c a lc l o c kt oa r e a st ha tc ont r o lt e mpe r a t ur ea nda

c t i vi t y .

40. Pr of e s s orSc hl u t e rt e l l shi sc l a s st ha tt heSCNp r odu c e sc i r c a di a nr h yt h msi nape r s on ’ sbod y b yc ha n gi n gt ha tpe r s on ’ s_____ . a. v i s u a la c u i t y b. c ommu n i c a t i onbe t we e nt hebr a i ns t e ma ndt h es pi n a l c or d *c. p r oduc t i onofpr o t e i n s d. b l oodpr e s s ur e

41. Re s e a r c he r sha v ede mons t r a t e dt h a tt h ee xpr e s s i onoft h eSCNg e ne sc a nb ec ha n g e dt hr ou g h____ . *a. e xpo s u r eoft h ee y e st ol i ght b. b a r o me t r i cpr e s s ur e c. t h ed i e t d. mo r ni n ge x e r c i s e

42. De n i s hai swo r ki n gi nt hel a ba n dha si s o l a t e ds omec e l l sf r o mar a tb r a i n. Si nc et hec e l l ss e e mt obepr odu c i n gas t e a dyc i r c a di a nr h yt h m,De ni s hah y pot he s i z e st ha tt h e s ec e l l sc a mef r omt h e r a t ’ s_____ . a. r e t i na *b. S CN c. l oc usc oe r ue u s d. p i t ui t a r ygl a n d

43. Th eSCNi sl o c a t e dj u s ta bo v et h e____. *a. o p t i cc hi a s m b. t h a l a mu s c. h ypo t ha l a mus d. v i s u a lc or t e x

45. Th ec i r c a di a nr h yt h mi sr e s e tb yi n putf r o ms pe c i a lg a n g l i onc e l l si nt h er e t i na . Th e s eg a n gl i onc e l l sa r eun us ua l i nt ha tt h e y____ . a. r e c e i v ei n putf r o mon l yc one s , notr o ds b. a r el oc a t e donl yi nadough nut s ha pe dba n ds ur r oundi n gt hef o v e a *c. r e s p o nddi r e c t l yt ol i gh t ,bu tr e s po ndv e r ys l o wl y

d. b e c omea c t i v eonl ya tni ghtori nv e r ydi ml i ght

46. Th ei nputf r omt hee y e st ot h es upr a c hi a s ma t i cnuc l e u s , r e s p ons i b l ef ors h i f t i n gt hepha s eof t h ec i r c a d i a nr h yt hm, or i gi na t e sf r om____. a. c one sonl y *b. g a n g l i onc e l l st h a ta r enotc onne c t e dt oa n yc one sorr ods c. c one sa n dr odse qua l l y d. r odso nl y

47. Ga l ai ss t ud yi n gf oraq ui zonc i r c a d i a nr h yt hms . Shewr i t e si nh e rno t e st h a tt h et wop r ot e i n st ha ti n flue n c ec i r c a d i a nr h yt hmsb ybui l di n gupdur i ngt hed a ya ndde c l i ni n gdur i n gs l e e pa r e_ _ ____. a. S CNa ndREM b. TI Ma ndSCN c. P ERa ndREM *d. P ERa ndTI M

48. Th ePERa ndTI M pr ot e i nsa c c umul a t edur i n gt heda yunt i lt he yc a us es l e e pi n e s s . Wh a tpr e v e n t st he mf r omc o nt i nui n gt oa c c umul a t ea tni ght ? a. Me t a bol i cr a t e si n c r e a s ea tni g ht ,s opr ot e i n sa r edi g e s t e df a s t e rt ha nt he yc a nbes ynt he s i z e d . b. Th ehi ghl e v e l sofme l a t on i npr e s e nta tn i ghtr e a c twi t ht hepr ot e i nst odi s a b l et he m. c. Th epr ot e i nsa r euns t a b l ea tt hel o we rbod yt e mpe r a t ur e st h a ta r et ypi c a la tni ght . *d. Wh e nt hepr ot e i nsr e a c hah i ghl e v e l , t h e yt ur nofft heg e ne st ha tpr oduc et he m.

49. Yu kii sc ons i de r i n gt a ki n gme l a t o ni ns u ppl e me nt st oc or r e c the rs l e e pc y c l e .Wh e ns h oul ds

het a k et h e m? a. Ass oona ss hewa k e supi nt h emor n i ng . *b. I nt hel a t ea f t e r n oonaf e whour sbe f o r es h ewa nt st os l e e p. c. Ar oun dn oona f t e rs hee a t sl unc h . d. Ea c ht i mes h ewa ke supi nt h emi d d l eoft h eni g ht .

50. Th epi ne a lg l a ndr e l e a s e st h e____hor mon e ,wh i c hi nflue nc e sbo t hc i r c a di a na ndc i r c a nnua l r h yt h ms . a. a ndr o g e n b. me l a nop s i n

*c. me l a t oni n d. e s t r og e n

51. S ome onei na ( n)___ _s t a t ea l t e r na t e sbe t we e npe r i o dsofs l e e pa n dmode r a t ea r ous a l , a l t ho u ghe v e ndur i n gt hemor ea r ous e ds t a t e ,t h epe r s ons ho wsnoa wa r e ne s sofs u r r ound i n g sa ndnopur pos e f ulbe h a vi or . a. u n c ons c i ou s b. mi n i ma l l yc ons c i o us c. c oma *d. v e g e t a t i v e

52. Ma r gi ej us tha dapo l y s omnogr a pht a k e n. Wh a tdi dt h e yme a s u r e ? a. Th ea c t i onpot e nt i a l sofhe ri ndi vi dua l n e ur onsi nt hes p i n a l c or d . *b. Ac ombi na t i onofhe rEEGa nde y e mo v e me ntr e c or ds . c. Th er a t eofgl uc os eu pt a k ei na c t i v er e gi o nsofhe rbr a i n . d. Th ee l e c t r i c a lr e s i s t a n c eofh e rs c a l p .

53. Ane l e c t r oe nc e pha l o gr a phd i s pl a y s____. a. a c t i onpo t e nt i a l sofi n di v i du a l ne ur ons *b. an e ta v e r a g eofa l lt h ene ur on s ’po t e nt i a l s c. t h er a t eofg l uc os eupt a kei na c t i v er e gi onsoft h ebr a i n d. t h ee l e c t r i c a lr e s i s t a n c eoft hes c a l p

54. Ca r l e e ’ sEEGr e c or di n gs h o wsapr e d omi n a n ta mountofa l p hawa v e s . Wha ti sg oi n gon? a. S hei si nREM s l e e p. b. S hei si nNREM s l e e p . c. S hei ss l e e p wa l ki n g . *d. S hei sv e r yr e l a x e dbuts t i l la wa ke .

55. Wh a tdot heEEGwa v e sl ookl i k ewhe nbr a i na c t i vi t yi s“ de s yn c hr oni z e d ” ? a. Lo n g, s l o wwa v e sofl a r g ea mpl i t u de b. S hor t , r a pi dwa v e sofl a r g ea mpl i t ude c. Re gul a ra l t e r na t i onbe t we e nwa v e sofl a r g ea mpl i t u dea ndwa v e sofs ma l la mpl i t ud e *d. I r r e gul a rwa v e swi t hl o wa mpl i t u de

56. Ca r i ’ sEEGr e c or di n gs ho wss l e e ps pi ndl e sa ndKc ompl e x e s . Wha ti sha ppe ni n g ? a. S hei sa b outt owa k eup. *b. S heha se nt e r e dSt a g e2s l e e p. c. S heh a se nt e r e dREM s l e e p . d. S hei sh a v i n gan i gh t ma r e .

57. S l o wwa v es l e e pi sc o mpr i s e do f_ ___. a. a l p hawa v es l e e p b. s t a ge s1a nd2 *c. s t a ge s3a nd4 d. REM s l e e p

58. Wi t he a c hs u c c e e di n gs t a g eofs l e e p( f r om1t o4) , ____. a. b r e a t h i n ga n dhe a r tr a t e si n c r e a s e b. b r a i na c t i vi t yi nc r e a s e s *c. s l o w, l a r g e a mpl i t u dewa v e si n c r e a s ei nnumb e r d. b r a i nwa v e sbe c o mes ma l l e r

59. EEGwa v e sa r el a r g e rwhe nbr a i na c t i v i t yde c r e a s e sbe c a us e____. a. t h eEEGme a s ur e smus c l et e ns i o n,whi c ha l s ode c r e a s e s *b. n e ur o nsa r ebe c omi n gmor es ync hr oni z e d c. n e ur onsa r eb e c o mi ngmor ede s ync hr oni z e d d. b l oodflo wi si n c r e a s i n g

60. Pr of e s s orKi n gi st a l ki n ga bouts l e e pa ndt e l l st h ec l a s st ha tREM s l e e pi sc a l l e dpa r a do xi c a l be c a us e_____. a. i ts e r v e sr e s t or a t i v ef unc t i ons ,a ndy e tt hebodyha snoa pp a r e ntn e e df o ri t . *b. i ti sl i gh ts l e e pi ns omewa y sa ndde e ps l e e pi no t he rwa y s c. I tde pe ndsons e r ot o ni nf ori t son s e ta n da c e t y l c hol i nef ori t soffs e t . d. I ti sa s s oc i a t e dwi t hdr e a mi n ga l t h oughbr a i na c t i vi t yi sl o w.

61. Du r i n gREM s l e e p , t h eEEGs ho ws____ . a. r e gul a r , hi ghv o l t a g es l o wwa v e s b. i r r e gul a r , hi ghv o l t a g es l o wwa v e s c. r e gul a r , l o wv ol t a g es l o wwa v e s

*d. i r r e gul a r , l o wv ol t a g ef a s twa v e s

62. REM s l e e pi sc ha r a c t e r i z e db ywhi c hoft h ef ol l o wi n g ? a. T e ns i o na nda c t i vi t yoft h epos t u r a lmus c l e s b. Lo wa nds t e a dyhe a r ta ndbr e a t hi n gr a t e s *c. Ah i ghl e v e lofb r a i na c t i v i t y d. Ah i ghl ys ync hr oni z e dEEGpa t t e r n

63. S ome t i me spe opl efindt h e ms e l v e suna b l et omo v et h e i rpos t u r a lmu s c l e si mme d i a t e l ya f t e ra wa k e n i n g . Wh y ? a. Bl o odpr e s s ur ei st ool o w. b. Th emot o rne r v e sa r ei na c t i v eunt i lbod yt e mpe r a t ur er e a c h e si t sno r ma ll e v e l . c. Ani nc r e a s ei nl i ghts t r i ki n gt hee y e sr e fle xi v e l yi nh i bi t st hemo t o rn e u r o ns . *d. P a r toft hebr a i ni ss t i l la s l e e p.

64. Ch a r l e yi sc ur r e nt l yi nSt a ge4s l e e p. Th en e xts t a g ehewi l le nt e rwi l lmos tl i k e l ybe_____ . a. s t a ge1 b. REM s l e e p *c. s t a ge3 d. p a r a do xi c a ls l e e p

66. Va s ht ih a sbe e na s l e e pf o rs e v e r a lhour s . Att hi spoi n toft heni ght ,s hei smos tl i k e l y_____ . *a. s p e ndi n gmor et i mei nREM s l e e p b. s p e ndi n gmor et i mei ns l o wwa v es l e e p c. p r oduc i ngme l a t oni n d. p r oduc i ngor e xi n

67. Th er e l a t i ons h i pbe t we e ns l e e ps t a g ea nddr e a mi n gi st ha tdr e a ms__ __. a. o c c uron l yi nREM s l e e p b. o c c uron l yi nNREM s l e e p *c. a r emor ef r e que nta ndmor evi v i di nREM s l e e p d. a r emor ef r e que nta ndmor evi v i di nNREM s l e e p

68. Wh a ti st h eb e s twa yt ode t e r mi n ei fa ni n di vi du a lwh oc l a i mst one v e rdr e a mdoe s , i nf a c t ,h a v edr e a ms ?

a. As kt he ma b outt h e i rdr e a msi mme d i a t e l ya f t e rt he ywa keupi nt h emor ni ng . *b. Wa k et h e mupdu r i n gREM s l e e pa n da s kt h e mi ft he yh a v eb e e ndr e a mi n g . c. Wa k et h e mupd ur i n gNREM s l e e pa nda s kt he mi ft h e yha v ebe e ndr e a mi n g . d. As kt he munde rh ypn os i si ft he yh a v eha da n ydr e a msr e c e n t l y .

69. Pr of e s s orSt e i nb e r gt e l l she rc l a s st ha td ur i n ganor ma ls l e e pc y c l e ,ape r s onwi l lpr o gr e s sf r o

m__ ___. a. S t a g e1t o2 ,3, a nd4be f o r ee nt e r i n gREM s l e e p. b. S t a g e4t o3 ,2, a nd1be f o r ee nt e r i n gREM s l e e p. *c. S t a g e1t o4t he nba c kt o3a nd2, a ndt he ne nt e r i n gREM s l e e p. d. S t a g e1t o4a tt h ebe gi nn i n goft heni gh t . La t e ron ,t h ec y c l ei sSt a g e1a n d2a ndt he n

REM.

70. I nc o mpa r i s ont oNREM dr e a ms , REM dr e a ms____ . a. a r el e s sl i k e l yt oi nc l udes t r i ki n gvi s ua li ma g e r y *b. a r emor el i ke l yt oi n c l udec o mpl i c a t e dpl ot s c. d onotc ont a i nvi ol e nc e d. a r ea l mos ta l wa y sl e s st ha nfiv emi n ut e s

71. Af t e rac utt hr ou ght h emi dbr a i ns e p a r a t e st h ef or e br a i na ndpa r toft h emi d br a i nf r om a l l t h el o we rs t r...