9. Lecture Notes - Medical Translation PDF

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Summary

Medical Translation - Dr Carlos A. Sanz Mingo...

Description

Scientific Language - Objective - No cultural or ideological references - Impersonal *Not always the case ● ●

Metaphors Subjective language - used between individual

Metaphors ● We are very visual beings ● Allows you to fully interpret the message ● Useful to explain terms for lamens Denotative: conveys general meaning Connotative: emotional associations ●

Metaphors can have different cultural meanings.

- Different medical translations can convey the wrong meaning E.g. Mr. to refer to surgeons (could be translated as being a patient) ●

Names such as “Spanish Flu” - is more of a cultural name given by the population.

Katan (1999) ● -

Chunking up : Hyperonym Whenever communication is blocked, you use a more general term.

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Chunking down : Hyponym Specific term

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Chunking sideways

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Transliteration : When it is “spanglified” - adapt it to native phonetics and grammar rules.

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You will have to be familiar with certain medical terminology. Read widely, be up to date Your role isn’t to make the text better or worse. You will have to deal with your client, but sometimes you will have to be part of a

team. Be punctual, justify your ideas. Ask questions and have a good attitude. ]

Medical Genres Divided by: 1. Their intention 2. Their social function (public, personal, informative?) 3. . Medical terms: - Creating new terms? - Usually uses greek and latin terminology - Eponymy: named after the person.

Glossitis : inflammation of the tongue.

Myelitis refers to inflammation of the spinal cord ● New terms are required as medicine progresses Classification and Nomenclatures Nomenclatures : lists of terms agreed by a community of experts - Cannot use in another context. ● Easy to find correspondences between languages ● Not always consistent ● Difficult to pronounce and remember. Asymmetries Register : - Varies between patient to GP and GP to GP e.g. Passing water and Urinate - The context matters greatly Synonymy : -

Two diseases can have the same name

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Can vary between expert and colloquial names

Polysemy

eg. Cervical (can refer to the neck, uterus or bladder) Abbreviations - Can be useful, but without the meaning does not tell you it’s meaning. Neologisms - Combine original terms in order to create a new term

Medical Case Studies -

By experts, for experts. Shares relevant information Register: structure and terminology will be completely different. Aims? : what happened to the patient?

Clinical Trial Protocol - Documents on human experiments - Drugs or products

Sheet Exercises: 1a) Differences in age, economic class, gender - e.g. Two different people with educational differences - Simplifying terms - Analogies - Examples b) A - Extreme religious views: would have to be sensitive B - Default position in western culture C - Eastern cultures...