A History of Global Politics in Creating an International Order PDF

Preview

Summary

A History of Global Politics in Creating an International OrderThe world is composed of many countries or states, all of them having different forms of government. Some scholars of politics are interested in individual states and examine the internal politics of these countries. For example, a schol...

Description

A History of Global Politics in Creating an International Order The world is composed of many countries or states, all of them having different forms of government. Some scholars of politics are interested in individual states and examine the internal politics of these countries. For example, a scholar studying the politics of Japan may write about the history of its bureaucracy. World politics today has four key attributes 1. There are countries or states that are independent and govern themselves. 2. These countries interact with each other through diplomacy. 3. There are international organizations, like the United Nations (UN), that facilitate these interactions. 4. Beyond simply facilitating meetings between states, international organizations also take on lives of their own. The nation-state is composed of two non-interchangeable terms  Not all states are nations  Not all nations are states. If there are states with multiple nations, there are also single nations with multiple states. Examples:  The nation of Korea is divided into North and South Korea,  The Chinese nation may refer to both the People's Republic of China (the mainland) and Taiwan Difference between nation and state In layman's terms, state refers to a country and its government, i.e., the government of the Philippines. A state has four attributes. 1. 2. 3. 4.

It exercises authority over a specific population, called its citizens. It governs a specific territory. A state has a structure of government that crafts various rules that people (society) follow. And the most crucial, the state has sovereignty over its territory.

Sovereignty Sovereignty here refers to internal and external authority. Internally, no individuals or groups can operate in a given national territory by ignoring the state. Externally, sovereignty means that a state's policies and procedures are independent of the interventions of other states. Major Principles

1. Papal authority can no longer extend into realms of sovereigns secular issue.

2. The members of the Holy Roman Empire were free to make alliances with the other states (as long as they are not directed against the emperor) 3. The treaty guaranteed some religious minorities and following these principles, implied that sovereign can no longer become involved with religious issues in other states.  Napoleonic War (1803-1815)  Napoleonic Code - Forbade birth privileges, encourage freedom or religion, and promoted meritocracy in government service.  United Kingdom, Austria, Russia and Prussia  To store sovereign states  KLEMES VON METTERNICH - Metternich System  When different countries or nations work together to promote similar causes or interests. They work together because all of the nations benefit in some way.  Immanuel Kant - Form of GLOBAL GOVERNMENT  Jeremy Bentham - “international” (1970) - International Law - “The greatest happiness of all nations taken together”  Giuseppe Mazzini - Republican Government  Woodrow Wilson - Principle of Self-determination League of Nations The League's goals included disarmament, preventing war through collective security, settling disputes between countries through negotiation diplomacy and improving global welfare. After a number of notable successes and some early failures in the 1920s, the League ultimately proved incapable of preventing aggression by the Axis Powers in the 1930s. Capitalist Class -

Owners of factories, companies and other means of production.

Proletariat Class -

Do not own any means of production Work for the capitalist had no nation

SOCIALIST INTERNATIONAL - A worldwide organization of social democratic, socialist and labor parties.  Russian Revolution in 1917  Vladimir Lenin

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) -

The world’s first Marxist-Communist state would become one of the biggest and most powerful nations in the world, occupying nearly one-sixth of Earth’s land surface, before its fall and ultimate dissolution in 1991.

Communist International (1919) (Comintern) -

The central body for directing Communist parties all over the world. Less democratic Dissolved in 1943

Communist Information Bureau (Cominform) -

Communist parties of France, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. To coordinate actions of the communist parties under Soviet direction. Every communist party in Europe joined and this allowed Stalin to control communists in Europe...