AB Psych 1 - Lecture notes 1 PDF

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Introduction to Psychological Testing This module's goal is to show awareness of the nature, ideas, and definitions of psychological testing and evaluation. assessment. It also describes the basic concepts used in psychological and educational assessments, as well as the terms achievement, aptitude, and ability. intellect and come up with an idea that encompasses all three terms. Psychological Testing - The process of measuring psychology-related variables by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behaviors a. Psychological tests like IQ tests, Achievement tests, personality test etc Psychological Assessment- gathering and integration of psychology-related data for the purpose of making a psychological evaluation that is accomplished through the use of tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specially designed apparatuses and measurement procedures Objective Typically, to obtain some gauge, usually numerical in nature, with regard to an ability or attribute. Typically, to answer a referral question, solve a problem, or arrive at a decision through the use of tools of evaluation Process Testing may be individual or group in nature. After test Assessment is typically individualized. In contrast to testing

administration, the tester will typically add up “the number of correct answers or the number of certain types of responses with little if any regard for the how or mechanics of such content” (Maloney & Ward, 1976, p. 39) assessment more typically focuses on how an individual processes rather than simply the results of that processing. Role of Evaluator The tester is not key to the process; practically speaking, one tester may be substituted for another tester without appreciably affecting the evaluation. The assessor is key to the process of selecting tests and/or other tools of evaluation as well as in drawing conclusions from the entire evaluation. Skill of Evaluator Testing typically requires technician-like skills in terms of administering and scoring a test as well as in interpreting a test result Assessment typically requires an educated selection of tools of evaluation, skill in evaluation, and thoughtful organization and integration of data. Outcome Typically, testing yields a test score or series of test scores Typically, assessment entails a logical problem-solving approach that brings to bear many sources of data designed to shed light on a referral question The Test -just like how medical science have medical tests, psychology have psychological tests Format varies: Pencil and paper, digital, Administration procedures: One-on-one, group Scoring and Interpretation varies Scoring is the process of assigning such evaluative codes or statements to performance on tests, tasks, interviews or other behavioral samples

The Interview -body language and face-to-face benefits The Portfolio -work products. Usually on institutions, patients have handicrafts and other physical products available which can be used as data for assessment Case History Data -records, transcripts, and other accounts in written, pictorial and other form that preserve archival information, official and informal accounts and other data and items relevant to an assesses Behavioral Observation Role-play test -acting an improvised or partially improvised part in a simulated situation Computer as tools -statistics, motion-capture, Computer assisted psychological assessment Other tools -Medical tests, ECG, MRI, fMRI, CT-scan Who are involved in Testing/Assessment? a. Test Developer -publishers (IPAT, Pearson, etc.) b. Test user -administrators, must be qualified (Psychometricians/Psychologists) Psychometricians – Main job is to administer/score psychological tests (except projective tests) and do basic interpretation of test results. They are not allowed to make a diagnosis or administer psychotherapy without a close supervision of a licensed psychologists. 1. Minimum Requirements: Undergraduate degree in Psychology (BS/AB in Psychology), Passed Licensure exam for psychometricians

Psychologists – They can administer, score, and interpret psychological tests (including projective tests). They can also diagnose and give psychotherapy to people who are suffering from mental disorders. 1. Minimum Requirements: Master’s Degree in Psychology (MS, MP, MA in Psychology). Passed Licensure exam for psychologists. c. Testtakers -the consumers, some cheat the tests, some have test anxiety, some have coaching, some are not motivated to do the tests, some cannot speak English. It is the test user’s job to manage them. d. Society at large -it exerts effort to determine what tests must be developed or be removed e. Other parties -companies, government Settings where Assessment are conducted a. Educational setting Achievement test – Tests that measure a person’s current cognitive ability Aptitude test – Tests that measure a person’s potential cognitive ability Diagnostic test – Tests that measure what a person knows about a certain topic or subject School grades/cards b. Clinical Setting Psychotherapy assessment – Battery of tests (IQ tests, Personality tests, Emotional functioning test, etc.) Learning difficulties Testing of psychotherapy – Tests used to determine the effect or lack of effect of psychotherapies.

Insurance companies (not applicable yet in PH) Court trial - Annulment, Trauma-related, Child Custody, to determine if the client is fit or psychologically incapacitated Prison for rehab or pardon c. Counseling d. Geriatric Settings e. Business and Military setting f. Government and organizational credentialing g. Academic research setting How are assessments conducted? a. Familiarity with test administration and protocol (test forms) b. Establishing rapport Rapport is quality of relationship/connection of client and the psychologist/psychometrician c. Having a conducive testing condition Private Not too cold, not too hot d. Accommodation of people with disability – people who are blind or deaf must be accommodated when they are given a test. Points to ponder: Answer on a separate sheet of paper. e. In your own observation, what do other people think about when they hear psychological testing and assessment? f. In your own words, what is the difference between testing and assessment? g. How would the world look like without testing and assessment?...