Allopurinol - Drug Card PDF

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Summary

Drug Card ...

Description

Nursing Program Generic Name: Allupurinol

Routes PO

Doses 600 - 800 mg/day

IV 200 – 400 mg/m2/day

Trade Names: Aloprim, Lopurim, Zyloprim

Frequency/Times 2-3 divided doses/1-2 days before chemotherapy or radiation

Single dose or in divided doses q 8-24 hr.

Medication Portfolio Pharmacologic Classification: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors

Therapeutic Classification: Antigout agents, Antihyperuricemics

Action/Purpose

Major Side Effects

Nursing Interventions

Labs

Action:

Most frequent: Rash (discontinue immediately)

Pre Med Administration:

Serum and urine uric acid levels usually begin to lower in 2 -3 days after initiation of oral therapy.

Inhibits the production of uric acid by inhibiting the action of xanthine oxidase.

CV: Hypotension, Flushing, Hypertension, Bradycardia, and HF CNS: Drowsiness GI: Diarrhea, hepatitis, nausea, and vomiting

Monitor intake and output ratios. Decreased kidney function can cause drug accumulation and toxic effects. Ensure that patient maintains adequate fluid intake to minimize risk of kidney stone formation. Assess patient for rash or more severe hypersensitivity reactions. Discontinue immediately if rash occurs. Post Med Administration:

Purpose:

GU: Renal failure, hematuria

Lowering of serum uric acid levels

Hemat: Bone marrow depression Misc: Hypersensitivity reactions

Monitor blood glucose in patients receiving oral hypoglycemic agents. May cause hypoglycemia. Monitor hematologic, renal, and liver function tests before and periodically during therapy, especially during the first few months. May cause high serum alkaline

phosphatase, bilirubin, AST, and ALT levels. Lower CBC and platelets may indicate bone marrow depression....