Analytical Chemistry Part 4 Summary PDF

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Summary

1 st2 nd The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation can be interpreted in two ways One molecule of N 2 reacts with three molecules of H 2 to produce two molecules of NH 3 One mole of N 2 reacts with three moles of H 2 to produce two moles of NH 3 The coefficients in a balanced chemical equa...

Description

ANSWER: 13.75 g of CO2

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The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation can be interpreted in two ways

A separation process is a method that converts a mixture or solution of chemical substances into two or more distinct product mixtures.   

1st

CENTRIFUGATION 

2n  d

To remove unwanted particles To obtain important substances To obtain pure substances

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One molecule of N2 reacts with three molecules of H2 to produce two molecules of NH3 One mole of N2 reacts with three moles of H2 to produce two moles of NH3 The coefficients in a balanced chemical equation can be used to generate mole-based conversion factors

SAMPLE PROBLEM 1. How many grams of CO2 will be produced from 10 grams O2?

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Centrifugation is a process in which centrifugal force is used to separate solid matter from a liquid suspension

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The speed is expressed in rotations per minute, and the centrifugal force generated is expressed in terms of relative centrifugal force

CLASSIFIED BASED ON SEVERAL CRITERIA  Benchtop or floor model  

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Decantation is the process of pouring a liquid gently so as to not disturb a solid in the bottom of the container.

Refrigeration Rotor head (fixed, hematocrit, swinging bucket, or angled)

APPLICATIONS IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY  Clinical chemistry – to separate blood components, blood  Clinical microscopy – to perform microscopic exam (Urinalysis) Blood banking – to separate blood components in the  blood bag (packed RBC, plasma, platelets)  Hematology – HEMATOCRIT

Applications in the clinical laboratory  

Clinical microscopy URINALYSIS – AFTER CENTRI – DECANT Blood banking – red blood cell suspension (RCS) preparation

of

FILTRATION

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DECANTATION

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Filtration can be used instead of centrifugation for the separation of solids from liquids When the filter paper is placed inside the funnel, the solution slowly drains through the filter paper within the funnel and into a receiving vessel. The liquid that passes through the filter paper is called the filtrate.

Modern-day chemical analysis can involve very complicated material samples— complicated in the sense that there can be many substances present in the sample

INTERFERE NCE 

Species other than the analyte that affect the final measurement are called interferences, or interferents

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substances other than the analyte

generate an instrumental readout similar to the analyte, such that the interference adds to the readout of the analyte...