Answer KEY Propaganda and Censorship Activity PDF

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Macbeth Act . All answers are included in the assignment that is posted with this....

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CENSORSHIP 1. Compare and contrast the concepts of propaganda and censorship in the Venn Diagram below.

Propaganda

Both

Censorship

2. Chart the seven types of propaganda and give a very brief explanation or examples of each in your own words.

Type

Explanation Students will write using their own words, so answers will vary. The seven types of propaganda are the bandwagon technique, card-stacking, glittering generalities, name-calling, plain folks, testimonials, and transfer. Bandwagon technique is placing an emphasis on being a part of the “in” crowd; card-stacking is presenting evidence in excess in one point of view; glittering generalities make things sound really good or really bad by evoking emotions through words; name-calling is making a something or someone look bad via negative wording; plain folks is making someone or something appear “just like everyone else”; testimonials are when a perceived expert makes a claim; transfer is when someone is judged based upon associations, or when advertisers hope viewers will get a “good feeling” through the association with a product.

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3. Illustrate two ways in which propaganda has been used throughout history. You may draw your illustrations or use your own words to illustrate.

Examples will vary. The Catholic Church used propaganda to spread its faith. Hitler used propaganda in WWII. Propaganda has been used to justify going to war. Japanese-Americans and Muslim-Americans have also been victims of propaganda.

4. Why did censorship increase after the invention of the printing press? Since the printing press made it faster to produce written literature, censorship increased as some tried to stem the heightened flow of information that was disbursed.

5. How does censorship give a government greater control of its citizens?

Limiting contact between peoples allows governments to paint negative pictures of other countries’ citizens and inflame hatred against them. Censoring the information and literature that is available to people allows the controllers of the information to shape people’s opinions by only providing information which is tilted toward a particular belief or viewpoint.

6. What is the author’s viewpoint in this article? Explain how you came to this conclusion, citing evidence from the text.

Answers will vary. The author is somewhat biased against propaganda and censorship. Words such as “alter,”“control,” “manipulate,” and statements such as “limiting information as a way to manipulate their citizenry,” and “Limiting contact between peoples also allows governments to paint negative pictures of other countries’ citizens and inflame hatred against them” were used.

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7. Cite evidence that best supports the idea that the misuse of propaganda can be dangerous, although it is not directly stated in the article.

Answers will vary. Although it is not stated directly as “dangerous,” the author uses words such as “control” and “manipulate” when referring to propaganda and censorship. Most clearly, the author has a warning in the final paragraph of the article, stating that this type of manipulation not only happens in literature, but also in life today, and further states that responsible citizens should remain aware and informed in order to see through the manipulation and control of propaganda and censorship.

8. Use the space below to write a brief summary of this article.

Summaries will vary widely.

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Part A Now that you have read the article on Propaganda and Censorship, use the following images on the next two pages to label the type of propaganda being used. Then, explain who you believe is meant to be the target audience (who is the image meant to appeal to?) and how the image is meant to appeal (the purpose) to the viewer or reader. Finally, what about this image stuck out the most to you?

ORAL-B ADVERTISEMENT Type of Appeal: Bandwagon Possible Audience: Answers will vary; common “everyday” person - no identifying qualities to any particular group of people, except those who want to be at the “top” by following the best advice Purpose: To convince the audience that experts recommend the product, and that by using the product, the audience will be a part of an elite group who uses the product, just like those experts who “know” oral health What is the most effective part of this ad for you? Answers will vary.

COCA-COLA SIGN Type of Appeal: Glittering Generalities Possible Audience: Answers will vary; common “everyday” person - no identifying qualities to any particular group of people; Purpose: Suggestion that the addition of a Coke could make things “better”; could be that the ad is appealing to those who are looking for those people who are looking for a “better day” or to have a “better” meal by adding Coke What is the most effective part of this sign for you? Answers will vary.

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BURGER KING ADVERTISEMENT Type of Appeal: Card-stacking Possible Audience: those who are becoming or are health conscious and are looking for healthier or better alternatives to what is usually offered by fast-food companies Purpose: to convince the audience that choosing Burger King’s fries, they are not only making a better choice for taste, but also for their health

What is the most effective part of this ad for you? Answers will vary.

NIKE ADVERTISEMENT Type of Appeal: Plain Folks Possible Audience: students, kids, those who are health conscious, or those who are regular people looking for motivation - that even the “normal” person can “do it”

Purpose: to motivate and inspire “everyday” people - you don’t need to be special to “do it”

What is the most effective part of this ad for you?

Answers will vary.

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PETA POSTER Type of Appeal: Name-Calling Possible Audience: those who are anti-fur, animal lovers, those who are on the fence about how they feel about animal products

Purpose: to shock and disgust - to inspire an emotional reaction; to eventually help inspire change

What is the most effective part of this ad for you? Answers will vary.

OLD SPICE ADVERTISEMENT Type of Appeal: Transfer Possible Audience: men of all ages, backgrounds, and ethnicities Purpose: to call up and inspire men to “be men” by “smelling like a man” wearing the cologne; inspiring men to become more masculine, and therefore more desirable to others

What is the most effective part of this ad for you?

Answers will vary.

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Part B Identifying Propaganda–On Your Own: Bring in or have students bring a selection of magazines, and/or allow students D to use the Internet and printer in class, and/or assign this activity for homework. Student examples will vary widely. If a students work on this in class, allow them enough time to find good examples and fill in required related information p Illustration 1: Type of Appeal:

Possible Audience:

Purpose:

What is the most effective part of this ad for you?

Part A Illustration 2: Type of Appeal:

Possible Audience:

Purpose:

What is the most effective part of this ad for you?

Illustration 3: Type of Appeal:

Possible Audience:

Purpose:

What is the most effective part of this ad for you?

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