A&P 1 lab Exercise 2 - Lab worksheet PDF

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A. Overview of Organ Systems and Major Organs Label the organ systems in Figure 2.1. Refer to Table 2.1. 1. Integumentary

6. Nervous

2. Skeletal

3. Muscular

7. Endocrine

8. Respiratory

11. Reproductive

4. Cardiovascular

9. Digestive

5. Lymphatic

10. Urinary

Remove to see deeper 3. heart 5. liver

LAB ACTIVITY 1 Identification of Organs on Torso 8. small 1Identify the organs in Figure 2.2. Note which organs must be removed to see deeper organs. intestine 4. diaphragm

Remove: 2. Lungs 3. Heart 4. Diaphragm 5. Liver 7. Large intestine 9. Gallbladder 10. Spleen

Answer the following questions about the position of each organ on the torso model or in Figure 2.2.

1.The stomach is _____ to the small intestine. a.superior b.inferior c.medial d.lateral 2.The liver is _____ to the lungs. a.superior b.inferior c.medial d.lateral 3.The lungs are _____ to the heart. a.superior b.inferior c.medial d.lateral 4.The trachea is _____ to the esophagus. a.medial b.inferior c.anterior d.posterior 5.The pancreas is _____ to the stomach. a.superior b.anterior c.lateral d.posterior 6.The large intestine is _____ to the stomach. a.superior b.inferior c.posterior d.lateral 7.The stomach is _____ to the spleen. a.lateral b.medial c.superior d.inferior 8.The abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava are _____ to the kidneys. a.medial b.lateral c.superior d.inferior 9.The kidneys are _____ to the small intestine. a.anterior b.posterior c.superior d.inferior 10.The urinary bladder is _____ to the kidneys. a.posterior and superior b.medial and inferior c.medial and superior d.lateral and posterior

Label the major body cavities and the diaphragm on Figure 2.3(a) and (b). 1. Cranial cavity 2. Vertebral canal 3. Thoracic cavity 4. Diaphragm 5. Abdominal cavity 6. Pelvic cavity

LAB ACTIVITY 3 Body Cavities 2Locate the mediastinum (meed-ee-uh-STINE-um) on a torso model or on Figure 2.1. Identify the organs located within the mediastinum. 1.In Figure 2.4, observe how the serous pericardium folds to form a double layer. 2 Label the two layers of the serous pericardium in Figure 2.4.

1. Parietal 2. visceral

Draw lines on Figure 2.5(a) separating the abdominopelvic cavity into quadrants and label the quadrants.

Right Upper

Left Upper

right uppoer

Quadrant

quadrant

hypochondriac

epigastric hypochondriac

Right lumbar

umbilical

left lumbar

right inguinal

hypogastric

left inguinal

Right lower

left lower

Quadrant

quadrant

left upper

LAB ACTIVITY 6 Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions 3Using the torso model or your textbook, identify in which abdominopelvic quadrant(s) each organ is primarily located. Use the abbreviations RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, and LLQ. a. appendix RLQ b. large intestine or colon LLQ c. liver RUQ d. ovaries RLQ and LLQ e. pancreas LUQ f. small intestineRLQ g. spleen LUQ h. stomach LUQ 5Using the torso model or your textbook, identify in which abdominopelvic region each organ is primarily located. a. appendix __Right Inguinal region b. gallbladder __Right hypochondriac region c. left ovary __left inguinal region d. bifurcation of the abdominal aorta _hypogastric region e. spleen __Left hypochondriac region f. stomach (majority of) __epigastric region

Reviewing Your Knowledge

2

A. Functions and Identification of Organ Systems Identify the organ system by its function as described below. 1. Maintains blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels 2. Controls muscles and glands by electrical impulses; helps control homeostasis Muscular system 3. Causes movement of bones Integumentary system 4. Waterproof barrier that blocks the entrance of pathogens into the body and prevents the loss of water from the body Cardiovascular system 5. Transports nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide throughout the body Digestive system 6. Changes food into absorbable nutrients; expels wastes Urinary system 7. Regulates composition of blood by eliminating nitrogenous wastes, excess water, and minerals Endocrine system 8. Uses hormones to control cell function; helps control homeostasis Skeletal system 9. Provides framework for the body and protects body organs Reproductive system 10. Produces gametes (sperm and egg) Lymphatic system 11.Returns fluid to the bloodstream and provides protection against pathogens that have entered the body Respiratory system Nervous system

B. Organ System Identification Identify the correct organ system for the following organs. Lymphatic system 1. spleen Digestive system 2. Liver (accessory organ) Respiratory system 3.trachea Circulatory system 4.blood vessels Integumentary system 5. hair Urinary system 6.kidney Reproductive system 7.uterus Endocrine system 8.pituitary gland Nervous system 9.spinal cord Reproductive & Endocrine 10. testes (2 systems) Reproductive system 11. prostate gland Digestive system 12. large intestine Digestive & pancreas 13. pancreas (2 systems) Endocrine system 14.adrenal gland Endocrine system 15.thyroid

C. Body Cavities Identify all the cavities for each organ as follows: abdominal (A), cranial (C), pelvic (P), pericardial (PC), pleural (PL), peritoneal (PT), thoracic (T), and vertebral (V). Cranial cavity Abdominal cavity/peritoneal Thoracic/Pericardial Thoracic/Pleural cavity Thoracic cavity Abdominal cavity/peritoneal Vertebral cavity Abdominal cavity/peritoneal Abdominal cavity Pelvic cavity Pelvic cavity Pelvic cavity

1. brain 2. small intestine 3. heart 4. lungs 5. bronchi 6. stomach 7. spinal cord 8. liver 9. kidneys 10. uterus 11. urinary bladder 12. ovaries

D. Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions Name the quadrant(s) (RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, and LLQ) and region(s) (right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right inguinal or iliac, hypogastric or pubic, and left inguinal or iliac) that the following organs predominantly occupy. RUQ, Right Hypochondriac region LUQ, Epigastric region LUQ, Left Hypochondriac region RUQ, Right Hypochondriac region RLQ, Right iliac region LUQ, Left lumbar region RLQ, Right iliac region RLQ, LLQ, hypogastric region

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

liver stomach spleen gallbladder appendix left kidney right ovary uterus

E. Serous Membranes Write the term the phrase describes. Parietal pericardium 1.Attaches the heart to the body cavity Visceral pleura 2.Covers the surface of the lungs Visceral peritoneum 3.Covers the surface of abdominal organs Serous fluid 4.The lubricating liquid in serous cavities 5. Circle the organs that are found within the peritoneal cavity: pancreas, liver, kidney, spleen, adrenal glands, abdominal aorta, inferior portions of vena cava, stomach

Using Your Knowledge

2

A. Homeostatic Imbalances of Organ Systems Using your textbook, identify the organ system that is homeostatically imbalanced in the following diseases or disorders. Muscular system Endocrine system Cardiovascular system Lymphatic system

1. 2. 3. 4.

muscular dystrophy hypothyroidism myocardial ischemia infectious mononucleosis

B. Body Cavities and Serous Membranes Identify all the cavities entered for each procedure, beginning with the largest cavity and ending with the most specific body cavity. Use these abbreviations for the body cavities: abdominal (A), cranial (C), pelvic (P), pericardial (PC), pleural (PL), peritoneal (PT), thoracic (T), and vertebral (V). T, PC 5.coronary bypass surgery A, PT 6.cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) V 7.spinal tap

C. Abdominopelvic Quadrants ____b____ 8.A 44-year-old male went to the emergency room complaining of severe pain in his RLQ. The doctor palpated the area and determined that the pain was originating from an organ in that quadrant. Which organ might be involved? (a)liver (b)appendix (c)gallbladder (d)spleen (e)stomach ____b____ 9.A 23-year-old female went to the doctor with the chief complaint of RLQ pain. Which organ is most likely the cause? (a)adrenal gland (b)ovary (c)gallbladder (d)pancreas (e)kidney

D. Organ Identification Identify the organs in the color-enhanced medical images in Figure 2.6.

10 Brain (Cerebrum) 11 Spinal cord 12 Rib 13 Heart 14 Diaphragm 15 liver (right lobe) 16 Spleen 17 Left Kidney 18 Right Kidney 19 Urinary bladder 20 Left Ureter...