ASME PTB-1-2014 ASME Section VIII – Division 2 Criteria and Commentary PDF

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ASME PTB-1-2014 ASME Section VIII – Division 2 Criteria and Commentary Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. PTB-1-2014 ASME Section VIII – Division 2 Criteria and Commentary David A. Osage, P.E...

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ASME PTB-1-2014

ASME Section VIII – Division 2 Criteria and Commentary

Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

PTB-1-2014

ASME Section VIII – Division 2 Criteria and Commentary

David A. Osage, P.E. James C. Sowinski, P.E. The Equity Engineering Group, Inc.

Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

Date of Issuance: May 27, 2014 This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by ASME Pressure Technology Codes and Standards (PTCS) through the ASME Standards Technology, LLC (ASME ST-LLC). Neither ASME, the author, nor others involved in the preparation or review of this document, nor any of their respective employees, members or persons acting on their behalf, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe upon privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by ASME or others involved in the preparation or review of this document, or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of the authors, contributors and reviewers of the document expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of ASME or others involved in the preparation or review of this document, or any agency thereof. ASME does not “approve,” “rate”, or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 ISBN No. 978-0-7918-6927-7 Copyright © 2014 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in the U.S.A.

Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

PTB-1-2014

TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ................................................................................................................................................ xi Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................. xiii Organization and Use ...........................................................................................................................xiv 1

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 Organization ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.3 Definitions ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Scope ....................................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2 Additional Requirements for Very High Pressure Vessels ............................................... 3 1.2.3 Geometric Scope of This Division ..................................................................................... 3 1.2.4 Classifications Outside the Scope of this Division ............................................................ 3 1.2.5 Combination Units ............................................................................................................. 4 1.2.6 Field Assembly of Vessels ................................................................................................ 4 1.2.7 Pressure Relief Devices.................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Standards Referenced by This Division ................................................................................... 4 1.4 Units of Measurement .............................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Tolerances................................................................................................................................ 4 1.6 Technical Inquires .................................................................................................................... 5 1.7 Annexes ................................................................................................................................... 5

2

RESPONSIBILITIES AND DUTIES ................................................................................................ 6 2.1 General..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 User Responsibilities ................................................................................................................ 6 2.3 Manufacturer’s Responsibilities ............................................................................................... 7 2.3.1 Code Compliance ............................................................................................................. 7 2.3.2 Materials Selection............................................................................................................ 7 2.3.3 Manufacturer’s Design Report .......................................................................................... 7 2.3.4 Manufacturer’s Data Report .............................................................................................. 8 2.3.5 Manufacturer’s Construction Records .............................................................................. 8 2.3.6 Quality Control System ..................................................................................................... 8 2.3.7 Certification of Subcontracted Services ............................................................................ 8 2.3.8 Inspection and Examination .............................................................................................. 9 2.3.9 Application of Certification Mark ....................................................................................... 9 2.4 The Inspector ........................................................................................................................... 9 2.5 Criteria and Commentary Tables ........................................................................................... 13

3

MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................... 15 3.1 General Requirements ........................................................................................................... 15 3.2 Materials Permitted for Construction of Vessel Parts ............................................................ 15 3.3 Supplemental Requirements for Ferrous Materials ............................................................... 16 3.4 Supplemental Requirements for Cr-Mo Steels ...................................................................... 17 3.5 Supplemental Requirements for Q&T Steels with Enhanced Tensile Properties .................. 17 3.6 Supplemental Requirements for Nonferrous Materials .......................................................... 17 3.7 Supplemental Requirements for Bolting ................................................................................ 17 3.8 Supplemental Requirements for Castings ............................................................................. 18 3.9 Supplemental Requirements for Hubs Machined From Plate ................................................ 18 3.10 Material Test Requirements ............................................................................................... 18 3.11 Material Toughness Requirements .................................................................................... 18 3.11.1 General ........................................................................................................................... 18 3.11.2 Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Except Bolting ................................................................. 19

iii Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

PTB-1-2014 3.11.3 Quenched and Tempered Steels ................................................................................... 24 3.11.4 High Alloy Steels Except Bolting .................................................................................... 24 3.11.5 Non-Ferrous Alloys ......................................................................................................... 24 3.11.6 Bolting Materials ............................................................................................................. 24 3.11.7 Toughness Testing Procedures ..................................................................................... 24 3.11.8 Impact Testing of Welding Procedures and Test Plates of Ferrous Materials ............... 24 3.12 Allowable Design Stresses ................................................................................................ 24 3.13 Strength Parameters .......................................................................................................... 27 3.14 Physical Properties ............................................................................................................ 27 3.15 Design Fatigue Curves ...................................................................................................... 27 3.16 Nomenclature ..................................................................................................................... 27 3.17 Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 27 3.18 Annexes ............................................................................................................................. 27 3.19 Criteria and Commentary References ............................................................................... 32 3.20 Criteria and Commentary Nomenclature ........................................................................... 32 3.21 Criteria and Commentary Tables ....................................................................................... 36 3.22 Criteria and Commentary Figures ...................................................................................... 49 4

DESIGN-BY-RULE REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................... 71 4.1 General Requirements........................................................................................................... 71 4.1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 71 4.1.2 Minimum Thickness Requirements ................................................................................ 72 4.1.3 Material Thickness Requirements .................................................................................. 72 4.1.4 Corrosion Allowance in Design Equations ..................................................................... 72 4.1.5 Design Basis................................................................................................................... 72 4.1.6 Design Allowable Stress ................................................................................................. 75 4.1.7 Materials in Combination ................................................................................................ 75 4.1.8 Combination Units .......................................................................................................... 75 4.1.9 Cladding and Weld Overlay............................................................................................ 76 4.1.10 Internal Linings ............................................................................................................... 76 4.1.11 Flanges and Pipe Fittings ............................................................................................... 76 4.1.12 Nomenclature ................................................................................................................. 76 4.2 Design Rules for Welded Joints ............................................................................................ 76 4.2.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 76 4.2.2 Weld Category ................................................................................................................ 76 4.2.3 Weld Joint Type .............................................................................................................. 77 4.2.4 Weld Joint Factor............................................................................................................ 77 4.2.5 Types of Joints Permitted ............................................................................................... 77 4.2.6 Nomenclature ................................................................................................................. 77 4.3 Design Rules for Shells Under Internal Pressure .................................................................. 77 4.3.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 77 4.3.2 Shell Tolerances ............................................................................................................. 77 4.3.3 Cylindrical Shells ............................................................................................................ 78 4.3.4 Conical Shells ................................................................................................................. 83 4.3.5 Spherical Shells and Hemispherical Heads ................................................................... 83 4.3.6 Torispherical Heads ....................................................................................................... 85 4.3.7 Ellipsoidal Heads ............................................................................................................ 88 4.3.8 Local Thin Areas............................................................................................................. 88 4.3.9 Drilled Holes not Penetrating Through the Vessel Wall ................................................. 89 4.3.10 Combined Loadings and Allowable Stresses ................................................................. 89 4.3.11 Cylindrical-To-Conical Shell Transition Junctions Without a Knuckle ............................ 90 4.3.12 Cylindrical-To-Conical Shell Transition Junctions With a Knuckle ................................. 90 4.3.13 Nomenclature ................................................................................................................. 91 4.4 Design Rules for Shells Under External Pressure and Allowable Compressive Stresses .... 91 4.4.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................. 91 4.4.2 Design Factors ............................................................................................................... 92

iv Copyright c 2014 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.

PTB-1-2014 4.4.3 Material Properties .......................................................................................................... 92 4.4.4 Shell Tolerances ............................................................................................................. 93 4.4.5 Cylindrical Shells ............................................................................................................. 93 4.4.6 Conical Shell ................................................................................................................... 94 4.4.7 Spherical Shell and Hemispherical Head ....................................................................... 94 4.4.8 Torispherical Head .......................................................................................................... 95 4.4.9 Ellipsoidal Head .............................................................................................................. 95 4.4.10 Local Thin Areas ............................................................................................................. 95 4.4.11 Drilled Holes not Penetrating Through the Vessel Wall .................................................. 95 4.4.12 Combined Loadings and Allowable Compressive Stresses ........................................... 95 4.4.13 Cylindrical-To-Conical Shell Transition Junctions Without a Knuckle ............................ 95 4.4.14 Cylindrical-To-Conical Shell Transition Junctions With a Knuckle ................................. 95 4.4.15 Nomenclature .................................................................................................................. 95 4.5 Design Rules for Shells Openings in Shells and Heads ........................................................ 95 4.6 Design Rules for Flat Heads .................................................................................................. 97 4.7 Design Rules for Spherically Dished Bolted Covers .............................................................. 97 4.8 Design Rules for Quick Actuating (Quick Opening) Closures ................................................ 98 4.9 Design Rules for Braced and Stayed Surfaces...................................................................... 98 4.10 Design Rules for Ligaments ............................................................................................... 98 4.11 Design Rules for Jacketed Vessels .................................................................................... 98 4.12 Design Rules for NonCircular Vessels ............................................................................... 99 4.13 Design Rules for Layered Vessels ................................................................................... 100 4.14 Evaluation of Vessels Outside of Tolerance..................................................................... 100 4.14.1 Shell Tolerances ........................................................................................................... 100 4.14....