ATI Nutrition Nexus Nursing Reviews PDF

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ATI Nutrition Nexus Nursing Reviews ● If a low income family is inadequate in protein content, the best foods to recommend are peas and beans because they are good sources and cheap for budget wise families. ● Eggs are also a good cheap source of protein ● Orange and tomatoes are good sources of vitamin C ● Rice and potatoes and pasta are Carbs ● Fat Soluble Vitamin Deficiency- ADEK, will need more sunlight and drinking milk since they are high in AEK. Sunlight is a good source of vitamin D ● Vitamin D is needed for calcium absorption. ● Celiac disease patients must avoid wheat products, rye and barley ● Crackers do have gluten in them! ● Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in adolescents that is self imposed starvation. They have no control over their environment, but can control their body and cause yourself to starve. Underweight and will not eat. ● Binge purge is bulimia. They will eat and eat, and feel guilty and vomit or using laxatives or may do exercise. May be normal or overweight. ● Lack of eating control is binge eating disorder ● Pregnant women should increase intake in folic acid to prevent neural tube defects ● Patients will gain weight based on moms weight during pregnancy. ● Patients need 60 g protein per day if pregnant. ● They should increase vitamin A in milk too ● Post surgical patients will be on a clear liquid diet- will help us see if there is bleeding! ● No hot foods when throat surgery because it can burn them ● Chicken noodle soup and oatmeal are not part of the clear liquid diet, but chicken broth and jello are ● Lemon or acidic citrus foods will be painful for the patient ● If you have a feeding tube, before doing anything, position the patient, check to see if the tube is placed correctly. Use Xray! If subsequent feeding, will check the gastric residual and pH to be between 0-4 ● Complete proteins are eggs ● Incomplete proteins are: oats, legumes, lentils, peanuts ● Islams and Judaism do not consume pork ● Custard can be given on a full liquid diet ● Pureed meat is part of pureed diet ● Soft fruit is a high fiber diet, good for constipation ● Mechanical soft can have canned soup ● If a tube fed client has abdominal cramping and nausea, the nurse should decrease the administration rate, too fast, the body can't handle it causing the cramps. ● Formula should always be given room temperature ● If the solution is concentrated, it can cause cramping, so the nurse should dilute the formula ● PUD patients should consume green vegetables ● If a patient has a peptic ulcer, citrus juice can be irritating, milk can be irritating, coffee at high amounts can increase the acid buildup in the stomach, no caffeine or spicy foods

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either Toddlers cannot have nuts, popcorn, hot dogs- can be choking hazards by being chewy and tube sized Toddlers can have cheerios because they can be chewed and easily digestible by saliva If a client get a CL for TPN, the nurse should always get an x ray to see placement of the catheter The nurse should start TPN at 40-60 ml but then increase it Never hang a TPN bag for more than 24 hrs to reduce infection. Fat lipids should never be hung more than 12 hrs If an enteral feed is tolerated well, the provider may tell the nurse to increase the feed by 40-60ml per day If a patient has a bolus feed, it may cause the patient to cramp up, unless given over 30 mins. Ampicillin or any penicillins may cause changes in taste, and may need a more palatable meal plan Morphine may cause the patient to have constipation Furosemide may cause the patient to decrease food absorption. Do not take at the same time of food. Acetaminophen may cause the patient to have liver toxicity A potential source of e.coli is from ground meat that is undercooked but from any meat undercooked E.coli can also be from stool- why you have to wash your hands prior to cooking and wash meats beforehand Sausage consumption may cause botulism from being from a can. Soft cheese may cause ligeliosis Milk may cause shigella Negative nitrogen balance: burns is greatest cause, then trauma, then injury and illness Carbs, fat, then protein. Carbs will give energy for wound healing and to conserve protein for wound healing Protein, good for tissue repair and growth and wound healing. If a mom introduces new foods into the diet, the mom should start with non wheat cereal then vegetables and give a new food every 4-7 days to check for allergic reactions Toddlers are often picky eaters and may need food frequently and need high density snacks like cheeses or foods they like Toddlers will need finger foods if they keep going and going that has lots of nutrients Older adults should drink a lot of water due to decreased thirst sensations. They need to drink more often because they are high risk for dry membranes and dehydration. Always remind the patient to drink water! Older adults should not drink a lot before bedtime as it can lead to falls if peeing at night Older adults must limit caffeine and tea and coffee If a patient has an allergy, we must know what happens when they do have an allergic reaction to a certain food Allergic responses vs. dislikes Infants doubles birth weight by 4-5months, 1 year will triple

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The mom should never place honey or corn syrup to infants as botulism can occur Breastmilk or formula should be given 6 months to 1 year as it is nutritionally sufficient 6 months= rice cereal introduced into the formula Feed child based on cures- every 3-4 hrs, Always wash babies bottles and nipples to protect from germs because baby has low immune system and prone to infections Iodine rich foods:iodized table salt is helpful for thyroid function Grapefruit and the juice can interfere with many drugs because of CYP3A4 interference Judaism diabetic should not eat beef lasagna because they do not eat meat with dairy since it has beef and cheese. Seventh day adventists encourage plant based and vegetarian diets. They do not eat shellfish products CLients with a vegan diet and megaloblastic anemia may require more B12 Vitamin B12 found in meat, soy, fortified cereals Risk factors for malnutrition: having IBD because there isn't not enough nutrients being absorbed Daily diet: need 3 servings of dairy, 2 savings of meats, 5-10 servings of vegetables, 611 serving of grains Some antihistamines may increase appetite If a client is malnourished, they should have a quiet environment and is focused on eating, no interruptions Always offer small and frequent meals to the client to encourage to eat meal To prevent feeding tube clogs, give liquid medications rather than crushed pills Intermittent feeds- flush 30 mls before and after, never during a feed Continuous, flush every 4 hrs If the patients sugar is high on TPN, they may go into hypovolemic shock due to excessive vomiting, diarrhea, low electrolytes when giving too quickly Corticosteroids may predispose patient to obesity Obesity clients after surgery may need to be on a liquid or pureed diet for 6 weeks...