Bacteria reproduce by binary fission PDF

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biology work involving different materials about binary fission etc...

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Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. In this process the bacterium, which is a single cell, divides into two identical daughter cells. Binary fission begins when the DNA of the bacterium divides into two (replicates). The bacterial cell then elongates and splits into two daughter cells each with identical DNA to the parent cell. Each daughter cell is a clone of the parent cell.

2) The bacterial growth curve represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time. There are four distinct phases of the growth curve: lag, exponential (log), stationary, and death. The initial phase is the lag phase where bacteria are metabolically active but not dividing. The exponential or log phase is a time of exponential growth. In the stationary phase, growth reaches a plateau as the number of dying cells equals the number of dividing cells. The death phase is characterized by an exponential decrease in the number of living cells.

3) Effects of temperature on the rate of bacterial growth: an increase in temperature will increase enzyme activity. But if temperatures get too high, enzyme activity will diminish and the protein (the enzyme) will denature

Chlamydia Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted disease. It is caused by bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram-negative bacterium that can replicate only within a host cell. Chlamydia enters this stage once the elementary body infects a new cell. In this form, the bacteria use supplies from the host cell to make copies of itself inside the cell. Reticulate bodies can grow, divide, and metabolize. Chlamydia can lead to damage to the reproductive system. In women, chlamydial infection can spread to the uterus or fallopian tubes and cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), according to the CDC. In men, chlamydia can spread to the testicles and epididymis (tubes that carry sperm from the testicles), causing them to become painful and swollen. Chlamydia evades the immune system by paralysing the host immune system by preventing the activation of polymorphic nuclear leukocytes (PMNs). PMNs infected with Chlamydia fail to produce neutrophil extracellular traps and the bacteria are able to survive in PMNs for extended periods of time.

Some of the important factors affecting bacterial growth are: Nutrition concentration. Temperature. Gaseous concentration. pH. Ions and salt concentration. Available water....