BIO 232 Muscle Anatomy Worksheet PDF

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BIO 232 Muscle Anatomy Worksheet...

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The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue 1.

Fill in the characteristics of the three muscle types: Muscle Type

Cardiac

Skeletal

Smooth

branching cell

elongated cell

1 central nucleus

many peripheral nuclei 1 central nucleus

visible striations

visible striations

Shape of cell spindle-shaped cell

# of nuclei Striations no visible striations

Control involuntary

voluntary

involuntary

2.

tendons What attaches muscles to bone? _____________________.

3.

fascicles The whole muscle is composed of muscle cells (fibers) grouped in bundles called ______________.

4.

Name the connective tissue coverings surrounding the following: epimysium Whole muscle __________________

Fascicles __________________ perimysium endomysium Muscle cell __________________

5.

6.

7.

Match the following three terms with their definitions: Sarcolemma

- endoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

- intracellular fluid around organelles

Cytosol

- plasma membrane of muscle cell

Match the following three terms with their definitions: Terminal cisternae

- T-tubule + 2 terminal cisternae

T-tubules

- part of sarcolemma—carries action potential

Triad

- part of sarcoplasmic reticulum—stores calcium ions

myofilaments Myofibrils consist of contractile proteins called ___________________.

Name the two types and what they’re composed of: actin _______________ thin filament composed of ___________________

_______________ thick filament composed of ___________________ myosin

8.

Arrangement of myofilaments. Give the letter name of each band: A band Dark band → ___

Light band → ___ I band Match two definitions with each band: I band - contains only thin filaments A band - contains both thick and thin filaments A band - defined by length of thick filament I band - defined as distance between two thick filaments

9.

Define the following terms: a protein disc that anchors the thin filaments and connects adjacent myofibrils; splits I band into 2 Z line (disc) _____________________________________________________ lighter stripe in center of A band; its width depends on the degree of muscle contraction H zone _________________________________________________________

10.

What happens to these areas during contraction? Z line (disc) _____________________________________________________ as the muscles contract the Z lines come closer to each other as the muscle contracts the H zone becomes smaller H zone _________________________________________________________

11.

Define these two terms: M line _________________________________________________________ a line in the center of the H zone that consists of protein fibers and connect the myosin filaments the contractile unit that extends from one Z line to the other Sarcomere ______________________________________________________ it goes from one Z line to the other, inlcuding the A band ________________________________________________________________

12.

Organization of muscle. Put the following components in order, from smallest to largest: 4 fascicle

5 muscle

2 myofibril

1 myofilament

5 muscle

3 muscle fiber (cell)...