Bio evolution assignment PDF

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CHAPTER 15: ASSESSMENT 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Page: 418 #1-10, 12, 15, 16, 18-22

Camouflage Natural Selection Speciation Punctuated Equilibrium It helps them to survive in their environment because the predators that hunt such animals become aware that they are harmful. These poisonous organisms stand out in the environment due to its bright colour. If a predator hunts these species and becomes poisoned/ sick they will now know and be able to identify the poisonous animals. This way the predator will also be able to remember the bright coloured creatures and avoid those hunts those animals. Altogether this increases the survival rate of the bright poisonous organisms.

12. Similar structures amongst different species help scientists figure out the history of evolution. This is known as homologous structure. They are homologous because they all have a very similar bone structure and symmetry. Human arms, cat forelegs, whale flippers, and bat wings all have the same common/basic bone structure. While the function of each of these is different, they are all variations of a common ancestor, that has simply adapted to different functions. 15. Adaptive radiation describes the rapid speciation of a single or a few species. This is an evolutionary process driven by a mutation that is heritable/genetic variation and natural selection. Adaptive radiation is a type of divergent evolution where a group of two or more related species become more and more dissimilar and diverge into new species. This process gets the name 'radiation' because new species radiate from a common ancestor. This tends to occur when organisms move into a new environment with a lot of available opportunities. 16. Municipalities no longer routinely spray insecticides to kill mosquitoes during the summer month to avoid them to develop immunity to the insecticides that are being used. Those mosquitoes may evolve and adapt to its environment when the insecticides is used all the time. Once they are adapted to the environment where the insecticides are used all the time, mosquitoes will evolve resistance to the pesticide due to strong selection for pesticide resistance, so it won't be an effective technique. 18. C

19. A

20. C

1. True 2. False --- Correct Answer: Hominoids 3. False--- Correct answer: Australopithecine

21. B

22. A

CHAPTER 16: ASSESSMENT

Page: 440 #1-7, 19-21, 23

4. True 23. Paleoanthropologists use fossils to determine various species. Fossils reveal that Neandertals had thick bones and large faces with prominent noses. The brains of Neandertals were at least as large as those of modern humans. On the other hand, Cro-Magnons were identical to modern humans in height, skull structure, tooth structure, and brain size. It is predicted and found that Cro-Magnons were toolmakers and probably also used language, as their skulls contain a bulge that corresponds to the area of the brain that is involved in speech in modern humans. Knowing this allows you to have enough information to determine which species the skull belonged to....