Bio lab quiz 1 study - quiz 1 review bio lab PDF

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● Discovery-based science: observation is recorded then analyzed ● Hypothesis based science: Generate a hypothesis and then test ○ Ask question ○ Background research ○ Construct hypothesis ○ Test with experiment ○ Analyze data ○ Communicate results ● Theory: well tested and agreed hypothesis ● Controlled variable: a variable that does not change on either side ○ Eg: the amount of water given ● Independent variable: what you change to test the effects ○ The amount of sunlight a plant gets ● Dependent variable: what changes as an effect of the altered independent variable ○ How much the plant grows ● Say: the hypothesis is accepted or rejected ● The three domains: ○ Bacteria: ○ Archaea: ancient bacteria ○ Eukarya: all prokaryotic cells

○ ● KING PHILIP CAME OVER FOR GREAT SOUP

○ Kingdom ○ Phylum ○ Class ○ Order ○ Family ○ Genus ○ Species ● Contrast: the difference between the lightest and the darkest part of the image ● Base: supports the microscope ● Arm: used to carry the microscope ● Stage: a platform where the slide with the specimen is placed ● Stage clips: holds the slide in place ● Body tube: where light passes ● Condenser: lets light pass ● Oculars: what you look through ● Objectives: how much you magnify (also multiply by 10x) ○ Low: 4x ○ medium : 10x ○ high : 40x ○ Oil immersion: 100x ● Upside down ○ Opposite movement ○ Increase view=decrease light ○ Field of view=what you can see ● Area of circle= pi*radius^2 ● magtotla=magobj*magocular ● Field of view ○ High mag/low power = low power FOV/ high power FOV

● Cell: the basic unit of life ● Cytology: the study of cellular structure and function ● Prokaryotic: (bacteria and cyanobacteria): do not contain membrane, nucleus, or organelles ○ Contain flagella and pili ● Cell membrane: the outer layer of the cell ● Cell theory ○ All living things are made of cells ○ The basic unit of structure and function ○ Only come from other cells ● Cell wall: Structure that provides cell support ● cytoplasm: region of the cell between membrane and nucleus ● Eukaryote: a cell that contains the nucleus and membrane-bound organelles ● Golgi apparatus: site of modification sorting and secretion of lipids and proteins ● Mitochondria: powerhouse ○ ATP synthesis from oxygen and sugar ● Nuclear envelope: a membrane that covers the nucleus ● Nucleus: organelle containing the dna ● ribosome: organelle that functions in the synthesis of protein ● Vacuole: stores water (large in plant cells)

● Gleocapsa is a prokaryote

● Dyes ○ Visualization ○ Distinguish parts of cell ● Natural red ○ Live stain

○ Stain vacuoles ● Janus Green B ○ Stain mitochondria ○ Change color when oxygen present to blue ● Methylene Blue ○ Stain areas with dna ○ Nucleus ● Iodine ○ Stains starch...