BIOL 1520 Spring 2016 - 2.07 Lecture Notes PDF

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Lecture notes from 2/19/16. This lecture covered topic 2.07 - Animal Development I. The professor for this course was Dr. Shana Kerr....

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Chapt erNot es 2.07 I . Ani maldev el opment A.Fours equent i al s t ages 1.Fer t i l i z at i on:eggands per mf use 2.Cl eav age:z y got esubdi v i des ,det er mi nant spar t i t i onedi nbl as t omer es 3.Gas t r ul at i on:ger ml ay er sf or m 4.Or ganogenes i s :bodyor gansf or m,c el l si nt er act ,di ffer ent i at e B.Sper m andeggs 1.I nani mal st hatl ayeggsi nwat er ,t heyhav eav i t el l i neenv el opei nt heegg;i n mammal s ,t hi sl ay eri scal l edz onapel l uc i da I I .Ev ent si nf er t i l i z at i on 1.Sper m bi ndi ngt oz onapel l uc i da 2.Acr os omer eact i on 3.Sper meggmembr anef us i on 4.Eggmembr anedepol ar i z at i on( f as tbl ock ) 5.Ca2+wav e a)Spr eadsf r om t hesi t eofs per m ent r y 6.Cor t i c al r eac t i on 7.Vi t el l i neenv el opel i f t st of or mf er t i l i z at i onenv el ope( s l owbl ock ) a)Fer t i l i z at i onenv el opel i f t sandbl ock sex ces ssper m 8.Eggact i v at i on B.Zonapel l uc i da 1.Cor t i c al r eac t i oni nduceschangest ot heZPt hatact sassl owbl oc kt o pol y s per my 2.Fol l i c l ec el l scont ai ns per mr ecept or s I I I .Cl eav age A.Res ul t si n 1

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1.Mas sofcel l s( bl as t omer es ) 2.Fi r s tt i ss ue( bl ast oder m) 3.Fi r s tcav i t y( bl as t oc oel ) 4.Es t abl i s hmentofbodyax es a)Atfir s tc el l di vi s i oni npr ot os t omesands omedeut er os t omes ;muc hl at eri n ot herdeut er os t omes B.Es t abl i s hi ngbodyax es :c y t opl as mi cdet er mi nant s 1.I fac y t opl as mi cdet er mi nanti sl oc at edi nar egi onoft heeggc yt opl as m,t hen i twel lendupi nt her el at edbl as t omer esc r eat edi nt hatr egi on C.Es t abl i s hi ngbodyax es :y ol kpol ar i t y 1.Thezy got ei st ot i pot ent ,meani ngi ti scapabl eoft ur ni ngi nt oev er yt y peofcel l i nt hebody a)Cel l f at esbecome“ r es t r i ct ed”asdev el opmentocc ur s 2.I nanex per i mentdi vi di ngz y got es ,at hr eadc anspl i tt hezy got ei nt ot wot o mak et wi nsora“ cl one”butmustbedi v i dedc or r ec t l y a)I fones i dedoesnothav et hedor sal s i deoft hezy got e,t hent her ewi l lbe onenor mal l ydev el opedoffs pr i ngandonet hati sabnor mal I V.Gas t r ul at i on A.Cr eat est hegutandger ml ay er s 1.Ec t oder m,mes oder m,endoder mf or m 2.Bl as t opor ef or ms a)Cel l sf r om ex t er i ormov ei ns i det hehol l owbl ast ul at hr ought hebl as t opor e b)Thr eel ay er sr es ul tf r om t hi s B.I namni ot es ,embr y oni cdev el opmenti sv er ys i mi l art ot hef r og,butt heger mt i ss uesex t endbey ondt heembr y oanddev el opi nt ot hef ourex t r aembr y oni cmembr anes 1.Amni on:fl ui dfi l l edcav i t yt hatpr ov i desaqueousenv i r onmentandcus hi ons agai ns tmechani cal shoc k 2.Yol ks ac:pr ov i desnut r i ent s;bl oodv es s el st r ans por tnut r i ent sf r om y ol kt o embr y o 3.Chor i on:gasex changebet weenembr y oandai r 4.Al l ant oi s :was t edi s pos als ac ,al sof unc t i onswi t hc hor i oni ngasex c hange 2

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a)Thes es ameex t r aembr y oni cmembr anesf or m dur i ngmammal i andev el opment ,butwor ki nconj unc t i onwi t ht hepl ac ent a C.Adapt at i onsf r om s hel l st ot heut er us 1.Ov ul at i on( r el eas eofeggf r om ov ar y)t of er t i l i z at i oni nDay0 2.Fr om Da y1t oDay5,t heeggmov est ot heut er ust hr ought hef al l opi ant ube; i nDay s25,cl eav ageocc ur s 3.ByDay6,t her ei sabl ast oc y s t 4.I nDay s710,t hez y got ei si mpl ant edi nut er i newal l a)Ex t r aembr y oni cmembr aness t ar t st of or m( 1011day s ) b)Gas t r ul at i onhappensaf t eri mpl ant at i on,~16day saf t erf er t i l i z at i on ( 1)Pr oducesat hr eel ay er edembr y owi t hf ourex t r aembr y oni cmembr anes

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