Bones review sheet PDF

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Summary

Practical review sheet...

Description

Bones Axial Skeleton Sutures on the skull: 

Squamous, Lambdoid, Coronal, Occipitomastoid

Skull Bones and Bone Markings:   

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Parietal Frontal o Supraorbital foramen Occipital o Foramen magnum, occipital condyle, external occipital crest, external occipital protuberance Temporal o External acoustic meatus, styloid process, mastoid process, mandibular fossa, zygomatic process Sphenoid o Greater wing, lesser wing, sella turcica, optic canal Ethmoid o Cribriform plate, crista galli, cribriform foramina Lacrimal o Lacrimal fossa Nasal Maxilla o Infraorbital foramen, incisive fossa Zygomatic Mandible o Mental foramen, mandibular ramus, condylar process Palatine bone Vomer

Fetal Skull: 

Sphenoidal fontanel, mastoid fontanel, anterior fontanel, posterior fontanel

Vertebrae: 

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Basic parts of the vertebrae o Spinous process, transverse process, body, vertebral foramen, superior articular process/facet, inferior articular process/facet Identify the region based on unique vertebral characteristics o Cervical – all have transverse foramen  Atlas – no spinous process; very large vertebral foramen  Axis – only vertebra with dens

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Thoracic  Costal facets Lumbar  Large body; small vertebral foramen; no costal facets

Other bones and bone markings of the axial skeleton:  

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Hyoid Sacrum o Median sacral crest, lateral sacral crest, anterior sacral foramina, posterior sacral foramina, body of first sacral vertebra Coccyx Sternum o Manubrium, body, xiphoid process Ribs o True, false, floating, costal cartilage

Appendicular Skeleton Upper bones, bone markings and joints: 

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Clavicle o Sternal (or medial) end, acromial (or lateral) end, sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint Scapula (know right/left) o Acromion, coracoid process, glenoid cavity, spine Humerus (know right/left) o Head, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, olecranon fossa, coronoid fossa, medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle Ulna o Olecranon, coronoid process Radius o Head, neck, radial tuberosity Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges o Proximal, middle, distal

Lower bones, bone markings, and joints: 

Hip o o

Ilium (know right/left)  Iliac crest, iliac fossa, sacroiliac joint Ischium (know right/left)

Pubis (know right/left)  Pubic symphysis o Acetabulum Femur (know right/left) o Greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, head, neck, medial condyle, lateral condyle, medial epicondyle, lateral epicondyle, patellar surface Patella Tibia (know right/left) o Medial condyle, lateral conyle, medial malleolus Fibula o Lateral malleolus Tarsals o Calcaneus, talus Metatarsals Phalanges o Proximal, middle, and distal o

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