BPM 107 Construction IT & Building Information Modeling PDF

Preview

Summary

BPM 107: Construction IT Building Information Modeling Study Unit 1 Difference between IT and Technology IT is about managing, processing and analysing digital information using the set of tools, processes and methodologies. Technology is about the use of hardware, software equipment that can solve ...

Description

BPM 107: Construction IT & Building Information Modeling Study Unit 1 Difference between IT and Technology IT is about managing, processing and analysing digital information using the set of tools, processes and methodologies. Technology is about the use of hardware, software equipment that can solve problem and provide a solution for production or service. Common IT systems for Construction Industry 1. Management Information System Computerised database of information that organised and programmed that helps to generate regular reports on operation. It is used to analyse and facilitate strategic and operational activities. MIS able to provide information on the performance of the company via Financial reports (Profit and Loss) 2. Database Management System A software that handles storage, archival, retrieval and updating of data in servers and computer system. It is primary used for creating and managing databases. Document Management System is an example of DMS. It focusses on managing emails, letters, contract document, specification and drawing. It is mainly use for storing and keeping tracks of document movements and version. 3. Radio frequency Identification Use of identification tags or objects to keep track of building components, products or manpower. ID tags like barcode, QR Code and ID chips that allows wireless and real time tracking. ID tags are tied to IT system to allow analysing, reporting and managing the information acquired. Traditional Workflow Vs BIM Workflow In the traditional workflow, the different drawings of plans, sections and elevations are created first and the model is created last by combining the different drawings. At different stages, all documents are created separately and it is labour intensive. Plans  Sections  Elevation  Model (3D Visualisation) In the BIM workflow, the 3D models are created first and the plans, sections and elevation drawings are extracted from the 3D model. All documentation is coordinated and bidirectional associated. BIM workflow allows better downstream integration. Model (3D Visualisation)  Plans  Sections  Elevation Why BIM? Advantage 1. Eliminate misinterpretation of content 2. Enhance communication 3. Reduce wastage 4. Increase productivity 5. Efficiency in economy 6. Expand business opportunities

Disadvantage 1. Creating content for the first time is tedious. 2. Need to manage more data 3. High investment and set up cost 4. Lack of domain expertise 5. Require knowledge in software

1

Challenges of Implementing BIM (TOPPM) 1. Technical Issues Company needs to acquire BIM enabled software 2. Organisational Issues Management mindset needs to change especially for those who have been using CAD for years. 3. Process Issues There will be a change in workflow as company must incorporate BIM into their work process. 4. Policy Issues Singapore government wants to use BIM, company must abide to it. 5. Market Issues Not enough BIM coordinator and managers in the market. BIM Coordination and BIM Collaboration Coordination 1. It can be done by the BIM coordinators and his team. 2. Use the BIM content to perform interference checks and clashes 3. Usually done in small groups or by themselves

Collaboration 1. It involves every stakeholder in project like Architect, Engineers, BIM coordinators, managers etc 2. An exercise to solve design and construction issues using the BIM content, equipment and process. 3. Usually done in Big meeting room.

BIM Software BIM Authoring Software: Sketchup, Revit, ArchiCad are software used to create BIM content. BIM Collaboration Platform: Naviswork is used to see for clash detection or sequencing. BIM 360 is where the BIM contents are uploaded in cloud to do rendering, 4D, 5D with the different stakeholders. Study Unit 2 Integration Vs Interoperability Integration – the act of forming, coordinating or blending into a functioning or unified whole. For example, link Revit and Revit together where different models are combined into the same platform. Interoperability – the ability for two or more separate software programs to exchange data with each other and to use that exchanged information. For example, converting Revit into ArchiCad. However, there will be a 5% data loss from the conversion. BIM Application or BIM Dimension 3D Spatial – 3D models of the digital representation of the intended design or existing condition. It is used for visualisation, early building performance and clash detection. (Animation, Rendering, Walkthrough) 4D Scheduling – Associated with time and management of time like construction sequencing. It shows the intended time lapse of the construction schedule, linking model elements and assemblies. 5D Estimating – Extracting the quantity and cost of the materials or elements and the cost of construction. It can also visualise the progress of the construction activities over time. Comparing budget before and after construction.

2

6D Sustainability – Using the energy models to evaluate the proposed design for performance by measuring and validating estimated energy modelling against actual performance (Measuring carbon footprint emission using sensors) 7D Facility Management – Using BIM and as built drawing or information to maintain and manage the assets like building equipment. Compiling OEM and manuals. It is also use to manage the ongoing life cycle cost of the building. Types of Analysis 1. Structural Analysis Using the structural analysis tool on the BIM models to provide an analytical framework to analyse the building structural properties by performing FEM to measure the stresses on the structural elements. 2. Scheduling Analysis Using BIM models to analyse the timeline and construction sequencing and space requirement at the project site. It provides better understanding of the phasing schedule and shows the critical paths of the project. Space conflict be identified and resolved ahead of construction. 3. Clash Detection Analysis Clash detection analysis is done to check for interference between the designs of one or several models.   

Hard Clash: Conflicting elements in 3D space where two objects are taking up the same space. Soft Clash: Objects that do not meet the set of clearance requirement between pair objects. Clearance like geometric/spatial tolerances, buffer zone etc. 4D/ Workflow Clash: Ability to resolve scheduling clash for work/fabrication/delivery and other project timeline issues.

4. Energy Modelling Analysis Energy Modelling Analysis is generally carried out in the early stage of a project lifecycle but is constantly subjected to validation over other development stages to ensure that early design conditions are achievable. This analysis can access Building Performance and Sustainability over time and address our support for reducing carbon footprint. Study Unit 3 Productivity Challenges of BIM 1. Productivity Comparison Among Industries Construction is the oldest trade and yet when productivity is compared against other trades like manufacturing, the construction industry does not see much automation or slow to adopt automation technologies. It can take 1 day to manufacture a car with predictable labour and resources but in construction is less effective in this area. Reason being, it requires us to change our mind-sets and the way we perceive the building processes. 2. Business Process Re-engineering BIM can support a wide spectrum for the Construction life-cycle, and to be successful with this implementation, it will require progressive development. It is not practical to have successful BIM Implementation in a short time frame. It does not need to affect the entire construction process, but it

3

must be systematic by learning the type of BIM application and using them realistically. Observe the inefficiencies with the current process and reengineer them to maximize productivity. 3. Software and Tools Deploying the right tools can make a lot of differences to the organization’s productivity. It has the potential to significantly improve productivity by reducing effort on mundane task, thus allowing to focus on other important activities. It is important to identify the immediate and long-term goals with BIM, and incorporating such assessment into the software and tools, by associating features to the BIM needs. Training should not be overlooked. Without adequate training on the product, it can take longer to realize better productivity in the project. Level of Development LOD 100 corresponds to conceptual design where the model consists of overall building massing and the downstream users can performing initial building massing (Orientation and Volume Analysis) LOD 200 corresponds to the schematic design or design development. It consists of generalised systems and assemblies with approximate quantity, size, shape and location. Performance analysis can be done at this LOD. LOD 300 shows the exact dimensions and geometries of the models which can be used to generate traditional contract documents and shop drawing. Simulation and analysis can be done on detailed elements and systems. LOD 400 shows the fabrication and assemblies of the elements and components. It is mainly used by the contractors or fabricator. LOD 500 shows the as-built condition of the building. It used for maintenance and operation of the facility. Study Unit 4 Role of BIM Manager 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Develop Framework based on organization needs, objectives and information Develop the basis workflow for modelling works Kick start production of organization’s templates and fundamental libraries Review current construction documentation issues for modelling process & design Establish qualitative KPI for effort in benefits against conventional practices.

Role of BIM Coordinator 1. 2. 3. 4.

Create BIM design models and documentation Coordinate between modellers and designers Review design models, fabrication models and drawings Use BIM for coordination, sequencing, constructability and cost studies

4

BIM Standards Standards ensures quality, proficiency and productivity in the construction industry. It allows company to produce consistent output it is easier to understand others work and it will be better if the project team adopt one standard.      

Naming Conventions Colour Conventions Title Blocks BIM Workflow (Processes) LOD In Singapore, E-submission Template

BIM Planning     

To establish a direction To establish a framework for implementation To establish a possible outcome or result To allow parties be involved in a ‘clear picture’ To measure the outcome

Documents like… BIM Roadmap, BIM Implementation Plan, BIM Deployment Plan, BIM Execution Plan BIM Implementation Plan (Organisation Level) Typical Content of BIP 1. BIM Vision and Goals Company should develop their own priorities and strategy to use BIM to strengthen their existing market position and develop new opportunities based on their existing capabilities 2. BIM Committee Set up a committee with members from the organisation like BIM Director, BIM Manager, BIM Specialist etc to look at how BIM can be implemented in the organisation, what are the BIM standards the organisation can adopt or developing training needs for the organisation. 3. BIM Technology Plan BIM Committee should look into the available BIM software market that they can use to complement their existing technology. BIM software are expensive, no point buying a software that turns out to be useless for the organisation. 4. BIM Staffing and Training Plan Organisation should enrol their staff to various BIM certified training institutions so that the employers will learn and understand BIM further and be apply to apply them at their work place. Get the staff to be active in BIM support groups like BCA BIM Facebook, Autodesk Discussion, ArchiCad etc.

5

BIM Execution Plan (Project Level) Purpose of BEP:    

BIM Execution Plan (BEP) provides a baseline document, approved by Employer, to guide the project team in achieving goals set with regards to BIM deliverables throughout the project. Specifies the roles and responsibilities of project members and stakeholders when using BIM at different stages of a project. Contains details with regards to BIM deliverables and process through which the deliverables are created, maintained and shared, in order to meet project goals. BEP usually defined at the start of the project, and can be updated to accommodate new information throughout the project delivery process.

Typical Content of BEP 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Project Information Project Members Project Goals & BIM uses for each stages of a project BIM deliverables for each BIM use Model author and users for each BIM deliverables Model Elements, level of details and attributes for BIM deliverables Process for BIM creation, maintenance and collaboration Exchange protocol and submitting format Technology Infrastructure and software used QA/QC

6...