Cerebral Palsy Case Study PDF

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NUR 418 FCC: Parent Child Nursing

Claudia Garcia Nogueiras

Date 10/18/21 Cerebral Palsy

Instructions: Read chapter 22, page 841- 846 and complete the case study on cerebral palsy. The case study must be typed and the file uploaded on Canvas. This assignment will account for 2.5 % of the Active Learning Exercises (ALEs) course grade. Five (5) points will be deducted for late assignment. A 13-month-old male is being followed in the Pediatric outpatient clinic for Spastic Cerebral Palsy. He was born at term by normal vaginal delivery without complications and his birth weight was 3300g. His mother did not have any problems during the pregnancy. At 6 months of age, the practitioner noticed his head control was poor. Currently, he calls everyone "mama" and follows one-step commands. He is able to drink from a cup but drools a lot. He is able to roll over from his stomach to his back but he is not able to sit or stand. His height and weight are both between the 25-50th percentiles and his head circumference is within 2 standard deviations of the mean. Some primitive reflexes such as the Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR) persist and he has increased muscle tone, especially in his legs. His deep tendon reflexes are exaggerated. Questions 1. Why is CP considered non-progressive? Explain what happens. 

It’s considered non-progressive because disease does not get worse throughout the ages. It’s a loss or impairment of motor function, attacking mostly the cerebral cortex. Some may improve while others either plateau or have a worsening of motor abilities because of the difficulty to maintain the ability over time.

2. Cerebral palsy is characterized by abnormal motor pattern and postures caused by nonprogressive brain function brain during prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal period. When do the majority of causes occur? List 5 causes. Causes and risk factors: 

Nutritional deficits

NUR 418 FCC: Parent Child Nursing

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Environmental toxins (lead and asbestos are some)

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Chorioamnionitis

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Hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus

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Viral/bacterial infection of CNS ( Meningitis and Encephalitis)

3. What are some of the signs and symptoms that would suggest a diagnosis of CP for the child in the case study? 

Drooling.

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Calling everyone “mama”

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Poor head control at 6 months.

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Not being able to sit or stand

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Muscle weakness

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Hyperactive reflexes.

4. What is the overall focus of therapeutic management for CP? 

Prophylactic, symptomatic, and supportive treatment.

What are the various pharmacological options available to manage spasticity? 

Baclofen, dantrolene sodium, and diazepam.

5. What medications will be prescribed to control drooling for the child? 

Anticholinergic medication such as scopolamine (also known as hyoscine) or glycopyrrolate.

6. True or false. Because of the neuromotor dysfunction and associated condition, children with cerebral palsy rarely live into adulthood. ---- False....