Ch 3 Histology-1 PDF

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Lab Workbook # 3 HISTOLOGY Introduction A collection of cells all working together to perform a function is called tissue. The study of tissues is called histology. The purpose of this lab is to reinforce cell structure and learn about microscopic anatomy of various tissues using the compound light microscope. Objectives: 1. Identify epithelial tissues by number of layers, cell shape, and specializations using the microscope 2. Identify and describe a variety of connective tissues using the microscope 3. Relate tissue structure to tissue function and describe how organs are formed from two or more tissue types 4. Give examples of organs where each tissue type is found Prelab Assignment Prior to beginning of laboratory session, study sections in your textbook titled “The Study of Tissues”, and “Connective Tissue” (fibrous, adipose, and blood.). Pay attention to tables and photos. Become familiar with the appearance and functions of the various tissues.

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HISTOLOGY

Squamous Cuboidal Simple

Columnar Pseudostratified

Epithelial Tissue Squamous Cuboidal Stratified

Columnar Transitional

Hyaline Cartilage

Elastic Fibrous

Bone

Connective Tissue

Areolar Blood Connective Tissue Proper

Adipose Reticular Elastic Dense regular Dense irregular

Smooth

Muscle Tissue

Skeletal

Cardiac

Nervous

Neurons

Tissue Neuroglia

Figure 3.1 Flowchart of Tissue Types

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Exercise 1: Epithelial Tissues Identify the following epithelial tissues under the microscope. Remember that these slides show slices from an organ, and that organs are made up of several different types of tissues. For each tissue: 1. Draw the significant features 2. Label the structures listed 3. Name the locations where the tissue is found A. Simple Epithelium Nucleus 1. Simple Squamous Epithelium

Nuclei of a simple Squamous cell

Label: nucleus of a simple squamous cell Locations: Capillaries ,glomeruli ,alveoli 2. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Nucleus

Label: nucleus of a simple cuboidal cell Glands Locations: goblet cell 3. Simple Columnar Epithelium

Nucleus

Label: nucleus of a simple columnar cell. Identify a goblet cell Glands Locations: 3

B. Stratified Epithelium 1. Stratified Squamous Non-keratinized

Label: nucleus of a squamous cell Outline the epithelium Locations: lips,cornea,esophagus 2. Stratified Squamous Keratinized Keratin layer

Nucleus

Label: nucleus of a squamous cell, keratin layer Epidermis ,palms and soles Locations: Check Your Understanding 1. Compare and contrast the locations of keratinized versus non-keratinized epithelial tissue. What is the significant function of keratin? keratinized found in epidermis non-keratinized found inside the body (mouth, esophagus, vagina) __________________________________________________

extra protection __________________________________________________ 2. Site two locations of simple epithelium and two locations of stratified. How does the change in form modify the function?

1. simple - alveoli, digestive tract, 2. absorption/secretion __________________________________________________ 1. stratified - epidermis, vagina, 2. protection __________________________________________________ 4

Exercise 2: Connective Tissue A. Loose Connective Tissue 1. Areolar

collagen fibers elastic fibers

fibroblasts

Label: fibroblasts, elastic fibers, collagen fibers. Locations: papillary layer of dermis 2. Adipose Adipocyte

Nucleus

Label: adipocyte, nucleus Locations: Hypodermis (subcutaneous fat),breast,etc. B. Dense Connective Tissue 1. Dense Regular Collagen fibers

Nuclei of Fibroblasts

Label: fibroblasts, nucleus, collagen fibers Locations: ligaments,tendons,etc.

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2. Dense Irregular Collagen fibers

Label: collagen fibers Location: Reticular layer dermis C. Fluid Connective Tissue Blood red blood cells

white blood cells

Label: red blood cells, white, blood cells Circulatory system Locations: Check Your Understanding 1. A connective tissue is defined as having cells and extracellular matrix. What is the matrix in blood? Name two different blood cells and one function for each. Plasma _______________________________________________ Red Blood Cells carry oxygen _______________________________________________ White Blood Cells fight infection 2. Complete the following table: Tissue Location Function Simple squamous epithelium Alveoli in lungs,capillaries serous membranes rapid diffusion of substance s,secerets serous fluid Absorption and secretion Thyroid gland Simple cuboidal epithelium Simple columnar epithelium lines the gastrointestinal tract(ex.intestines) Absorption and secretion ,goblet cells secrete mucus Resists mechanical injury (not as much as keratinized though) Stratified squamous epithelium tongue,oral mucosa ,esophagus and penetration of pathogenic organisms Non-keratinized Resists mechanical injury (abrasion), prevents water loss Epidermis of skin through skin; resists penetration by pathogenic organisms Keratinized Basement membrane under most epitheliumPapillary Connects tissues and organs Areolar CT dermis of skinAllows space for edema Provides tensile strength in one plane of movementTendons attach Tendons attach muscles to bones Ligaments hold bones Dense regular CT muscles to bones Ligaments hold bones together Reticular dermis of skin Withstands stresses in different directions Dense irregular CT Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer of skin: what Energy storageThermal insulation Cushions organs Adipose CT we typically call our fat)Around the heart and kidneys Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and removes Blood Inside heart and blood vessels wastes

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