Chap 11 Endocrine System PDF

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Practical of chapter 11 endocrine system for human anatomy class; with key terms, open answers, questions that will be on final, describing parts the endocrine system. was graded an received an 97....

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Chapter 11 Endocrine System Practical 3.10.16

1. What is the difference between an endocrine gland and an exocrine gland? Endocrine secretes hormones that circulate in the blood; endocrine secrets substances into ducts that exit the body 2. What is the tissue called that hormones affect? Target tissues Hormonal Mechanisms: 3. Steroid hormones are lipid soluble and can pass through cell membranes 4. Their receptors are located in the targets cell’s nucleus. 5. The hormone receptor complex binds with the DNA and activates specific genes that, in turn, direct the synthesis of specific proteins. 6. Non-Steroid hormones combine with receptors in target cell membranes ; the receptors have a binding site and an activity site. 7. What is the name of the most common second messenger? The most common second messenger is camp 8. Prostaglandins are locally produced lipids that affect the organ in which they are produced with a variety of effects. What are some of these effects? Relax and contract smooth muscle, stimulate secretion, influence blood pressure 9. Release of tropic hormones from the hypothalamus controls secretions of the anterior pituitary.

Pituitary Gland: 13. The pituitary gland is attached to the base of the brain and has a front lobe called the anterior pituitary and a rear lobe called the posterior pituitary The brain controls the activity of the pituitary gland in two ways

14. Releasing hormones from the hypothalamus control the secretion of the anterior pituitary and are carried in the bloodstream by hypophyseal portal. 15. The posterior pituitary releases the hormones into the bloodstream in response to never impulses from the hypothalamus Anterior Pituitary: 16. The anterior pituitary consists mostly of epithelial tissue arranged around blood vessels and enclosed in a capsule of collagenous connective tissue 17. How many hormones does it secrete? Six 18. What function do most of them have in common? Secreal stimulate other endocrine glands

Growth Hormone GH: 19. What is the function of GH? Stimulates the body cells to grow and reproduce 20. What factors influence growth besides GH? Nutritional Status 21. What hormones from the hypothalamus control the levels of GH? GH- Releasing hormones and GH pleasing inhibiting hormone 22. What disorders may result from a lack of GH or too much GH? Too little: pituitary duarfism, too much giantism Prolactin PRL: 23. What is the function of PRL? Promotes milk production in lactating women 24. What is its target tissue? The breasts 25. What hypothalamic hormones affect it? PR Releasing hormone Thyroid stimulating hormone TSH:

26. What hypothalamic hormones affect it’s release? TRH Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH: 29. What is the target organ for ACTH? What hormone does it affect the release of? Adrrenal cartes; cortisol...