Hormones - Endocrine System PDF

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Summary

Hormone Principal Action Human Growth Hormone (hGH) Produced Anterior pituitary gland and stimulates growth of body cells and secretion of insulinlike growth factors Produced anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid follicles to secrete triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) Produced an...

Description

Hormone

Principal Action

Human Growth Hormone (hGH)

Produced by Anterior pituitary gland and stimulates growth of body cells and secretion of insulinlike growth factors Produced by anterior pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid follicles to secrete triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) Produced by anterior pituitary gland and in females initiates development of oocytes and ovarian secretion of estrogen and males to produce sperm Produced by anterior pituitary gland and in males stimulates Leydig cells to secrete testosterone and in females estrogens and progesterones, ovulation and corpus luteum formation Produced by anterior pituitary gland and promotes milk production Produced by anterior pituitary gland and stimulates secretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol) by adrenal cortex Produced in anterior pituitary gland role in human brains unknown- in excess can cause darkening of skin Produced in hypothalamus, stored in the posterior pituitary and Stimulates child birth and mammary gland contraction to cause milk ejection Produced in the Hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary and decreases urine production by causing the kidneys to return more water to the blood Produced by thyroid glands and serves to lower blood levels of calcium and phosphates by inhibiting the action of osteoclasts Produced by thyroid gland and increases metabolic rate and stimulates synthesis of proteins, inc use of glucose and fatty acids for ATP production Produced by parathyroid gland inc Ca+ and Mg+ levels and decreases phosphate levels, increases bone breakdown by osteoclasts It is the major mineralocorticoid produced by adrenal cortex and regulates the homeostasis of sodium and potassium ions. I also helps to adjust BP and blood volume It is the most abundant glucocorticoid which is produced by the adrenal cortex and serves to increase protein breakdown, enchance glucose formation and inhibit inflammation and immunological responses Produced in Adrenal cortex and assists in early growth of axillary and pubic hair in both sexes; females contribute to libido and are source of estrogens after menopause Produced by adrenal medulla and is responsible for stimulating the sympathetic nervous system in response to stress Produced by alpha-islet cells in the pancreas and raises BG levels by accelerating breakdown of glycogen into glucose

Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Luteinizing hormone (LS)

Prolactin (PRL) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Melanocyte-stimulating hormone Oxtytocin

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) or Vasopressin Calcitonin (CT)

T3 and T4

Parathyroid gland hormone (PTH)

Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)

Androgens

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Glucagon

Insulin Estrogens and Progesterone

Relaxin Inhibin Testosterone

Melatonin Cholecystokinin (CCK) Renin Atrial Natriuretic peptide ( ANP) Erythropoietin Calcitrol*active form of Vit D

from liver Produced by beta-islet cells in pancreas and binds with its receptors to facilitate the entry of glucose into cells Produced in ovaries and regulates female reproductive cycle, maintain pregnancy and maintenance of female characteristics Produced in ovaries and increases flexibility of pubic symphysis during pregnancy, helps dilate uterine cervix Produced in ovaries and testes inhibits secretion of FSH from anterior pituitary gland Produced in testes and stimulates descent of testes before birth, regulates sperm production and maintanence of male characterisics Produced in pineal gland and contributes to setting the bodys clock by promoting sleepiness Produced in GI tract and stimulates secretion of pancreatic juice and regulates release of bile and fullness feeling Produced in Kidneys and is part of reaction sequence by bringing about vasoconstriction and secretion of aldosterone Produced by heart and decreases BP Produced in kidneys and inc rate of RBC formation Produced in Kidneys and aids inabsorbtion of dietary Ca+ and phosphorus...