Chapter 10- EMT classs lecture notes PDF

Preview

Summary

12 lead EKG cheat sheet acls class paramedic paper work sheet for anyone that needs some extra help...

Description

Chapter 10- Airway management Anatomy of the Respiratory System Airway- structure to health us breathe or ventilate Aveoli – oxy moves out by diffusion. Co2 moves out of circulation and into the Aveoli Diaphragm moves down, lungs spread out.

Oxygenation – is the process of loading oxygen molecules onto the hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream. External Respiration- (pulmonary respiration) – the process of breathing fresh air into the respiratory system and the exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the aveoli and the blood in the pulmonary capillaries Internal Respiration- the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the systematic circulatory system and the cells of the body. Pathophysiology of RespirationChemoreceptors – Carbon dioxide, pH of cerebrospinal fluid, Hydrogen ions, oxygen. Provide feedback to the respiratory centers. Patient Assessment – IF ventilating appro, but respiration is compromised. (needs oxy, NRB, NC, ETC) -IF ventilations are compromised (needs BVM {with oxygen}) Level of consciousness and skin color are excellent indicators of respiration. Opening the Airway Head tilt, chin lift Tongue is the number 1 airway obstruction. Jaw Thrust Suctioning – Things that can go wrong- stimulate the Vegas nerve which will lower the heart rate. You need to clear the airway FULLY before reoxygenating. Basic Airway AdjunctsOropharyngeal airway – Airway adjunct. IF patient doesn’t have a intact gag reflex.

Supplemental Oxygen- Always give oxygen to patients who are hypoxic - Some tissues and organs need a constant supply of oxygen to function normally. Never withhold oxygen from any patient who might benefit from it. Assisted and Artificial Ventilation -Bag-valve mask - Most common used to ventilate patients in the patient. Positive pressure ventilation. (1 breath every 5-6 seconds) be careful with the rate. Stop squeezing when you see the chest rise. Assisting ventilation with a BVM -Explain the procedure to the conscious patient -Squeeze the bag each time the patient breathes -After the initial 5 to 10 breaths, deliver an appropriate tidal volume. Artificial ventilation with a BvmOnce a patient is NOT breathing CPAP – Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (patient has to be breathing on their own) Noninvasive support fir respiratory distress. -increases pressure in the lungs -opens collapsed Alevoli -Pushes more oxygen across the Alveolar membrane -Forces interstitial fluid back into the pulmonary circulation It could decrease cardiac output! Stomas and Tracheostomy tubesTrach tube- Ventilate through the tube with a BVM Stoma but no tube-use an infant or child mask with your BVM to make a seal over the stoma...