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Tricia Cogdill NAME ____________________________________________

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Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

PRETEST Match the word parts to their meanings: E _____ 1.

aden/o

A. to secrete

H _____ 2.

ren/o

B. blood condition

F _____ 3.

pancreat/o

C. condition

D _____ 4.

hypophys/o

D. pituitary gland

A _____ 5.

-crine

E. gland

G 6. _____

endo-

F. pancreas

I _____ 7.

exo-

G. within

J _____ 8.

gluc/o

H. kidney

_____ 9.

-ism

I.

outward

B _____ 10.

-emia

J.

sugar

C

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Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

HANDOUT 1 Labeling Label the endocrine system with the anatomic terms and combining forms where appropriate. Some combining forms may be used more than once. Anatomical Terms adrenals hypothalamus ovaries pancreas parathyroids pineal pituitary testes thymus thyroid

Combining Forms pancreat/o thyr/o, thyroid/o adren/o, adrenal/o gonad/o thym/o thalam/o hypophys/o, pituitary/o parathyroid/o

pineal hypothalamus pituitary gland parathyroids thyroid thymus adrenals pancreas ovaries

testes

By submitting this assignment, I unequivocally state that all work is entirely my own and does not violate Clemson University’s Academic Integrity policy. Tricia Cogdill

4-4-21 Name _______________________________________ Date ___________________

14

Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

HANDOUT 3 Pathology Matching

Q 1. _____

SIADH

A. somatotropin deficiency during childhood

O _____ 2.

thymoma

B. condition characterized by deficient PTH; results in tetany and hypocalcemia

M 3. _____

goiter

C. deficient insulin production

_____ 4.

type 2 diabetes

D. hypersecretion of cortisol

R _____ 5.

tetany

E. disorder characterized by lack of ADH

A _____ 6.

GHD

F. enlargement of the extremities

T _____ 7.

polydipsia

G. abnormal sensation, such as prickling

L _____ 8.

hyperthyroidism

H. condition of excessive potassium in the blood

P _____ 9.

Addison disease

I.

N _____ 10.

hyponatremia

J. complete lack of insulin production

S _____ 11.

prolactinoma

K. condition of deficient calcium in the blood

G _____ 12.

paresthesia

L. excessive thyroid hormone production

I _____ 13.

gigantism

M. enlargement of the thyroid not caused by a tumor

K _____ 14.

hypocalcemia

N. condition of deficient sodium in the blood

J _____ 15.

type 1 diabetes

C

hypersecretion of somatotropin during childhood

O. noncancerous tumor of epithelial origin that is often associated with myasthenia gravis

B _____ 16.

hypoparathyroidism

P. deficient secretion of cortisol

H _____ 17.

hyperkalemia

Q. oversecretion of ADH

F _____ 18.

acromegaly

R. continuous muscle spasms

D _____ 19.

Cushing disease

S. most common type of pituitary tumor

E _____ 20.

DI

T. condition of excessive thirst

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Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

HANDOUT 5 Word Building Using the rules for word building and the word components listed below, construct terms for the definitions listed (not all word parts will be used, and some may be used more than once). Prefixes exhyper-

Combining Forms adrenal/o calc/o

Suffixes -ectomy -emia

hypopar-

esthes/o glyc/o

-ia -ism

poly-

insulin/o kal/i ophthalm/o thyroid/o

1.

hyperthyroidism excessive thyroid hormone production __________________________________________________

2.

hyperglycemia condition of excessive sugar in the blood _______________________________________________

3.

hypoglycemia condition of deficient sugar in the blood ________________________________________________

4.

hypercalcemia condition of excessive calcium in the blood _____________________________________________

5.

excision of an adrenal gland __________________________________________________________ adrenalectomy

6.

paresthesia condition of abnormal sensation _______________________________________________________

7.

exophthalmia protrusion of the eyeball from its orbit _________________________________________________

8.

hypokalemia condition of deficient potassium in the blood ____________________________________________

9.

hypothyroidism deficient thyroid hormone production __________________________________________________

10.

hyperinsulinism condition of oversecretion of insulin ___________________________________________________

By submitting this assignment, I unequivocally state that all work is entirely my own and does not violate Clemson University’s Academic Integrity policy. Tricia Cogdill

4-4-21 Name _______________________________________ Date ___________________

14

Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

HANDOUT 6 Singular/Plural Practice Change the following terms from singular to plural. 1.

hypophyses hypophysis ________________________________________________________________________

2.

adrenal cortices adrenal cortex _____________________________________________________________________

3.

adrenal medullae adrenal medulla ____________________________________________________________________

4.

testes testis _____________________________________________________________________________

5.

ovaries ovary _____________________________________________________________________________

Abbreviations 6.

A patient was given an FPG followed by an OGTT. What are these tests, and what disorder is most likely fasting plasma glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, diabetes suspected? ________________________________________________________________________

7.

Ms. Wolfe was sent to a lab to have TFTs done for suspected hypothyroidism. What are TFTs? thyroid function tests _________________________________________________________________________________

8.

A 45-year-old man was diagnosed with Dl after a deficiency of ADH was detected. What is ADH? antidiuretic hormone _________________________________________________________________________________

9.

The 38-year-old patient was diagnosed with acromegaly when an excessive amount of STH _____________________________________________ was detected (give abbreviation).

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Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

HANDOUT 7 Fill in the Blanks. 1. 2.

hyperkalemia A condition of excessive potassium in the blood __________________________________________ hirsutism Synonym for hypertrichosis __________________________________________________________

3. 4.

acromegaly Enlargement of the extremities ________________________________________________________ panhypopituitarism Term for Simmonds disease _________________________________________________________________

5. 6.

type 2 diabetes Formerly termed NIDDM ____________________________________________________________ hypothyroidism Cretinism and myxedema are forms of _______________________________________________________ .

7. 8.

parathesis Condition of abnormal sensation _____________________________________________________________ goiter Enlargement of the thyroid gland ______________________________________________________

9. 10.

anorexia Lack of appetite ____________________________________________________________________ tetany Continuous muscle spasms ___________________________________________________________

11. 12.

exophthalmia Protrusion of eyeballs _______________________________________________________________ hyponatremia Condition of deficient sodium _________________________________________________________

13. 14.

polyphagia Condition of excessive appetite ________________________________________________________ thyroid RAIU and TFTs are used to detect disorders of the _____________________________________________ .

15. 16.

diabetes A1c monitors which disorder? _________________________________________________________ parathyroid function, calcium metabolism A total calcium finding may be used to diagnose _______________________________________________ .

17.

X-rays may be useful in examining bone thickness or density of which endocrine disorder? hyperthyroidism _________________________________________________________________________________ .

18. 19.

An instrument to measure blood sugar is a/an glucometer _________________________________________________. urinalysis A physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine is a/an ______________________________ . fasting blood sugar The former name for a fasting plasma glucose test is ___________________________________________ . glucose An OGTT measures the body’s response to a concentrated __________________________ solution.

20. 21. 22.

The presence of ketones in the urine may indicate one of which two disorders? hyperthyroidism diabetes mellitus __________________________________ and ________________________________________________ .

23. 24.

pituitary A hypophysectomy is removal of the __________________________________ gland. thyroidectomy An excision of the thyroid gland is a/an _______________________________________________________ . pancreatectomy An excision of part or the entire pancreas is a/an _______________________________________________ . parathyroidectomy An excision done normally to treat hyperparathyroidism is a/an __________________________________. adrenalectomy Bilateral removal of the adrenal glands to reduce hormone secretion is a/an _______________________ .

25. 26. 27.

By submitting this assignment, I unequivocally state that all work is entirely my own and does not violate Clemson University’s Academic Integrity policy. Tricia Cogdill

4-4-21 Name _______________________________________ Date ___________________

14

Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

CASE STUDIES Case Study 1: Meghan Balcomb Read the paragraph and answer the questions. While looking at recent photos of herself, Meghan Balcomb notices that her face looks bigger than it did 5 years ago, particularly her chin. It really bothers her, so she makes an appointment with her physician, though she feels rather silly doing so. Dr. Kramer takes Meghan’s concerns seriously and asks if she has had to buy bigger shoes and gloves in the past couple of years. She hesitates a moment, then says yes. Dr. Kramer orders tests, which result in a diagnosis of acromegaly. 1.

pituitary Acromegaly results when the ___________________ gland malfunctions.

2.

Which lobe of the gland is affected? a. adenohypophysis b. neurohypophysis

3.

Which hormone is secreted in excess in acromegaly? a. somatotropin b. c.

ADH cortisol

d.

PTH

4.

extremeties The acro- in acromegaly refers to the patient’s _______________.

5.

enlargement The suffix –megaly in the term acromegaly means _______ ________.

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Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

CASE STUDIES Case Study 2: Loquita Pinto Read the paragraph and answer the questions. Loquita Pinto is visiting a local science museum for her medical terminology class’s field trip. As she looks at the skeletons she notices one that is extremely tall and one is very short. As she reads the legends accompanying each, she can see that they are both the result of disorders of the same hormone, somatotropin. 1.

growth hormone Another name for somatotropin is _______________________.

2.

An oversecretion of somatotropin in childhood results in which disorder ? gigantism ________________________________________________________________________________

3.

An undersecretion of somatotropin in childhood results in which disorder ? dwarfism ________________________________________________________________________________

By submitting this assignment, I unequivocally state that all work is entirely my own and does not violate Clemson University’s Academic Integrity policy. Tricia Cogdill 4-4-21 Name _______________________________________ Date ___________________

14

Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

CASE STUDIES Case Study 3: Steven Chattman Read the paragraph and answer the questions. Steven Chattman is a 47-year-old attorney who thinks that his excessive amount of work and caffeine intake might be the cause of his excessive urination, forgetfulness, and depression. His wife urges him to check out the symptoms with his physician, and reluctantly he does so. His physician sends him for testing that includes sonography along with blood work that shows hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism. He is scheduled for a parathyroidectomy. 1.

A diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism means that Steven has _____________active parathyroid glands. a. over b.

under

2.

total The lab test for measuring calcium in the blood stream is called a _______________ calcium test.

3.

The term hypercalcemia means that Steven has excessive calcium in his blood _______________.

4.

parathyroid hormone The abbreviation PTH stands for ______________________________.

5.

A parathyroidectomy means a __________________of one or more of the parathyroid glands. a. incision b. c.

measuring removal

d.

recording

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Instructor Resource Material for

Endocrine System

CASE STUDIES Case Study 4: Octavia Hill Read the paragraph and answer the questions. Octavia Hill knows about her family history of diabetes. Her mother, maternal uncle, and maternal grandmother were all diagnosed with and are under treatment for type 2 diabetes. Last year, when she was pregnant with her first child, she developed gestational diabetes. After delivering a healthy 9-pound baby boy, her blood sugar did not return to normal levels. An abnormally high FPG that was followed by an also abnormally high OGTT indicates that treatment is necessary. She begins her oral antidiabetic medication and is back today for an A1c to see how well her diabetes is being controlled. 1.

The difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes is that in Type 2 diabetes, the patient is usually not insulin _______________ dependent.

2.

pancreas The organ that is affected in type 2 diabetes is the ___________________.

3.

FPG stands for ________________plasma glucose. fasting

4.

oral OGTT stands for _______________ glucose tolerance test.

By submitting this assignment, I unequivocally state that all work is entirely my own and does not violate Clemson University’s Academic Integrity policy. Tricia Cogdill

4-4-21 Name _______________________________________ Date ___________________...