Chapter 4 Terms and Definitions PDF

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Chapter 4 Terms...

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Chapter 4 Terms and Definitions Roots Root Ankly/o Arthr/o Brachi/o Burs/o Carp/o Cervic/o Chondr/o Cost/o Crani/o Dactyl/o Fasci/o Femor/o Kinesi/o Lumb/o Muscul/o My/o, myos/o Oste/o -physis Spondyl/o Tars/o Tax/o Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o Tibi/o Ton/o

Definition Stiff, bent Joint Arm Bursa (a small fluid-filled sac found near the body’s joint) Wrist Neck Cartilage Rib Head, skull Finger Fascia (fibrous connective tissue building muscles together) Femur (thighbone) Movement, motion Loin, lower back Muscle Muscle Bone Growth Vertebra Ankle Arrangement, order, coordination Tendon Tibia (shinbone) Tone, tension

Patient History, Problems, Complaints (Bones) Term Costalgia Metatarsalgia Ostalgia Osteodynia Spondylodynia Tibialgia

Definition Rib pain Pain in the bones of the foot Bone pain Bone pain Vertebra pain Tibia (shin) pain

Patient History, Problems, Complaints (Joints) Term Ankylosis Arthralgia Arthrodynia Cervicodynia Crepitation Genu Valgum Genu Varum

Definition Joint stiffness Joint pain Joint pain Neck pain A crackling sound heard in the joints Knock-kneed Bowlegged

Patient History, Problems, Complaints (Muscles) Term Bradykinesia Dyskinesia Dystaxia Dystonia Graphospasm Hyperkinesia Hypertonia Hypokinesia

Definition Slow movement Inability to control movement Poor coordination Poor muscle tone Writer’s cramp Increase in muscle movement or activity Increased muscle tone or tightness Decrease in muscle movement or activity

Myalgia Myasthenia Myodynia Myospasm Tenalgia Hypotonia

Muscle pain Muscle weakness Muscle pain Muscle spasm Tendon pain Decrease in muscle tone or tightness

Observation and Discovery (Diagnostic Procedures) Term Arthrocentesis Arthroscope Arthroscopy Electromyogram Electromyography Myography

Definition Puncture of a joint Instrument looking into a joint Procedure of looking into a joint A record of the electrical activity of a muscle Procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle Procedure for studying muscles

Observation and Discovery (Radiology) Term Arthrogram Arthrography Computed Axial Tomography (CAT or CT)

Definition Visual record of a joint Procedure used to examine a joint Imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis

Observation and Discovery (Spinal Curvatures) Term Kyphosis Lordosis Scoliosis

Definition Humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine Sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine Crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Observation and Discovery (Bones) Term Carpitis Craniomalacia Exostosis Fracture Osteodystrophy Osteolysis Osteonecrosis Osteosclerosis Polydactyly Spondylitis Spondylomalacia Syndactyly Tarsoptosis

Definition Wrist inflammation Softening of the skull An abnormal growth of bone out of another bone A bone break Poor bone development Bone loss Death of bone Abnormal hardening of bone Having more than the normal number of fingers or toes Vertebra inflammation Softening of the vertebra Fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers or toes Flat feet

Observation and Discovery (Joints) Term Bursolith Effusion Hemarthrosis Hydrarthrosis Pyarthrosis

Definition A stone in a bursa Fluid buildup Blood in a joint Water (fluid) in a joint Pus in a joint

Observation and Discovery (Muscles) Term Atrophy Hypertrophy

Definition Underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue Overdevelopment of muscle tissue

Myocele Myolysis Myomalacia Myosclerosis Myotasis Myotonia

Hernia of muscle tissue Loss of muscle tissue Softening of muscle tissue Hardening of muscle tissue Stretching of a muscle Muscle tone

Diagnosis and Pathology (Bones) Term Ankylosing Spondylitis Chondro-osteodystrophy Craniosynostosis Dactylitis Hypertrophic Spondylitis Osteitis Osteochondritis Osteogenesis Imperfecta Osteomalacia Osteomyelitis Osteopathy Osteopenia Osteoporosis Spinal Stenosis Spondylolisthesis Spondyloarthropathy Spondylolysis Spondylosis

Definition A stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae Poor development of bones and cartilage The premature fusing of the skull bones Finger inflammation Overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation Bone inflammation Inflammation of bone and cartilage A disease in which the bones do not develop correctly Softening of the bone Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow Bone disease Reduction in bone volume Loss of bone density Abnormal narrowing of the spine The slipping or dislocation of a vertebra Joint disease of the vertebrae Loss of vertebra structure Vertebra condition

Diagnosis and Pathology (Joints) Term Arthritis Rheumatoid Arthritis Septic Arthritis Osteoarthritis Arthrocele Arthrodysplasia Arthropathy Arthrosclerosis Bursitis Bursopathy Subluxation

Definition Joint inflammation Inflammation of the joints; called rheumatoid because it resembles rheumatic fever Inflammation of the joints caused by infection Inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight Hernia of a joint Abnormal joint development Joint disease Hardening of the joints Inflammation of the bursa Disease of the bursa Partial dislocation of a joint

Diagnosis and Pathology (Muscles) Term Achondroplasia Chondromalacia Costochondritis Fasciitis Muscular Dystrophy Myoclonus Myopathy Myasthenia Myofasciitis Necrotizing Fasciitis Polymyositis Tardive Dyskinesia Tendinitis Tendonitis

Definition A defect in the formation of cartilage Abnormal softening of the cartilage Inflammation of the cartilage of the rib Inflammation of the fascia Disorder characterized by poor muscle development Violent muscle contraction Muscle disease Muscle weakness Inflammation of the muscle and fascia Inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue Inflammation of multiple muscles Condition characterized by the loss of muscle control Tendon inflammation Tendon inflammation

Myositis

Muscle inflammation

Diagnosis and Pathology (Oncology) Term Chondroma Myoma Myosarcoma Osteocarcinoma Osteochondroma Osteosarcoma

Definition A tumorlike growth of cartilage tissue A muscle tumor A cancerous muscle tumor Bone cancer tumor Tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as exostosis, made up of cartilage Cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells

Treatments and Therapies (Pharmacology) Term Analgesic Antiarthritic Anti-inflammatory Antipyretic

Definition A drug that relieves pain A drug that opposes joint inflammation A drug that opposes inflammation A drug that opposes fever

Treatments and Therapies (Procedures for Bones) Term Carpectomy Costectomy Craniectomy Craniotomy External Fixation Internal Fixation Closed Reduction Open Reduction Metacarpectomy Orthotics Ostectomy Osteectomy Osteoclasia Osteoplasty Osteotomy Prosthesis Spondylosyndesis Sternotomy Tarsectomy Tarsoclasia

Definition Removal of all or part of the wrist Removal of a rib Removal of a portion of the skull Removal of a portion of the skull The fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e. using a cast, splints, or stabilizers) The fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e. using screws, pins, or plates) Returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery Returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery Removal of a bone in the hand A device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body Removal of a bone Removal of a bone The surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity) Reconstruction of a bone Incision into a bone A device that is added to a body to replace a missing part of lost function Fusing together of multiple vertebrae Incision into the sternum Removal of all or a portion of the ankle Surgical fracture of the ankle

Treatments and Therapies (Procedures for Joints) Term Arthrectomy Arthroclasia Arthrodesis Arthrolysis Arthroplasty Arthrotomy Bursectomy Bursotomy Chondrectomy Chondroplasty

Definition Removal of a joint The therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility Surgical fixation of a joint Loosening a stiff joint Reconstruction of a joint Incision into a joint Removal of a bursa Incision into a bursa Removal of cartilage Reconstruction of cartilage

Treatments and Therapies (Procedures for Muscles) Term Fasciectomy

Definition Removal of fascia

Fasciodesis Fascioplasty Fasciorrhaphy Fasciotomy Myectomy Myodesis Myomectomy Myoplasty Myorrhaphy Myotomy Tendectomy Tendoplasty Tenodesis Tenolysis Tenonectomy Tenoplasty Tenorrhaphy Tenotomy

Binding of fascia Reconstruction of fascia Suturing of fascia Incision into fascia Removal of muscle Binding of muscle Removal of a muscle tumor Muscle reconstruction Muscle suture Incision into muscle Removal of a tendon Reconstruction of a tendon Binding of a tendon Freeing/loosening a tendon Removal of a tendon Reconstruction of a tendon Suture of a tendon Incision into a tendon

Musculoskeletal System Abbreviations Term Hx Fx Tx ACL MCL LCL PCL C1-C7 T1-T12 L1-L5 S1-S5 DTR EMG FROM NSAID OA ORIF PT RA RICE ROM WB WBAT

Definition History Fracture Treatment or traction Anterior cruciate ligament Medial collateral ligament Lateral collateral ligament Posterior cruciate ligament Cervical (of the neck) vertebrae Thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae Lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae Sacral vertebrae Deep tendon reflex (what doctors test when they tap the knee) Electromyogram Full range of motion Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Osteoarthritis Open reduction internal fixation Physical therapy Rheumatoid arthritis Rest, ice, compression, elevation Range of motion Weight bearing Weight bearing as tolerated...