Chapter 7 American ERA PDF

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CAT 7: AMAN AMERICAN ERA(1898 – 1940) to the Post war Republic (1946 – 1969) What were the changes brought about by American Colonization? How did they differ from the religious forms of the Spanish colonial period?In the American regime, commercial and advertising arts were integrated into the fine...

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CAT 7: AMAN  AMERICAN ERA

of Philippine terrain. In 1909, a year after

(1898 – 1940) to the Post war Republic (1946 – 1969)

the establishment of the University of the

What were the changes brought about by American Colonization? How did they

opened. It also offered a course on commercial design to fulfill the

differ from the religious forms of the

aforementioned demand. For some time,

Spanish colonial period ?

the academic ( a term referring to the

Philippines, its School of Fine Arts was

kind of art was influenced by European In the American regime, commercial and

academies) tradition of painting and

advertising arts were integrated into the

sculpture in the manner of Amorsolo and

fine arts curriculum. Moreover, Americans

Tolentino prevailed in the art

favored idyllic sceneries and secular

scene.(crafted from: Flaudette May Datuin

forms of arts. Because the lingua franca

et. al , 2016. Contemporary Philippine Arts

of this period was English, poems and

of the Regions p.28 -29)

stories from books were dramatized in the classroom, to facilitate the teaching of the English language. Unlike the

FAMOUS ARTIST DURING AMERICAN ERA

Spanish, the Americans passionately taught their language through an efficient

1. Juan Abad – Tanikalang Ginto (Golden

public school system.

Chain) (1902) English: Juan Abad (February 8, 1872 – December 24, 1932) was a Filipino

In less than decade, Filipino playwrights began to write plays in English.In the

printer turned playwright

beginning of the 20th century, a new

and journalist. His main

urban pattern that responded to the

contribution to Filipino

governance was imposed. The new

theatre was his patriotic plays: the zarzuela Ang Tanikalang Guinto

patrons of the arts included the

(The Golden Chain), and Isang Punglo ng

Americans who engaged in governance

Kaaway, the former which caused his

and education, business and tourism. The

arrest and trial. Some authors credit

demand for artists who could do

Abad with the introduction of symbolism

illustrations in textbooks or graphic

to Tagalog drama,[ a claim which is still to

design to product labels thus emerged.

be proven; although he may have been

The inclination towards genre, still life

one of the first Tagalog dramatists to use

and portrait paintings persisted.

symbolism in their plays Tiếng Việt: Juan

Landscapes on the other hand, became

Abad (8 tháng 2 năm 1872 - 24 tháng 12

cherished as travel souvenirs, especially

năm 1932) là một nhà viết kịch người

those that captured the exotic qualities

Philippines, quê ở Manila.

secular goals of education, health and

2. Juan Matapang Cruz – Hindi ako Patay ( I'm Not Dead) 1903 Juan dela Cruz is the national personification of the Philippines, often used to represent the "Filipino everyman." He is usually depicted wearing the native salakot hat, Barong Tagalog, long pants, and chinelas (local term for the popular flip flops). Juan dela Cruz was coined by Robert McCulloch-Dick, the editor and publisher of The Philippine Free Press in the 1900s. He noticed the frequency with which the names appeared on police blotters and court dockets. He was also notified that the Catholic Church baptized a massive number of children named after popular saints. He often wrote small verses about Juan dela Cruz in The Philippines’ Free Press who was often depicted narrating the petty crimes committed by them. Later on, McCulloch-Dick widened his idea

the turn of the 20th century depicted his desire to see Philippine independence from its colonizers. He was arrested twice, first by the Spaniards and later by American forces. He wrote and directed the anti-imperialist play Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow), which led to his arrest in 1903. (The above 3 artists emphasized their works a deep profound yearning for freedom.) 4. Lino Castillejo (author) – A Modern Filipina - First Filipino written in English

5. Jesus Araullo (author) – A Modern Filipina- First Filipino written in English.

of Juan until he made Juan dela Cruz as a typical Filipino. Juan dela Cruz is associated with the image of a naïvelooking man wearing a salakot, camisa de chino, native trousers and slippers. Jorge Pineda, a resident cartoonist of The Philippines’ Free Press, first drew the image of Juan in 1946. 3. Aurelio Tolentino – Kahapon , Ngayon at Bukas (Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow ) Aurelio Tolentino y Valenzuela (October 15, 1869 – July 5, 1915) was a Filipino playwright, poet, journalist, and revolutionary. His works at

6. Daniel Burnham (architect) - He designed Manila and Baguio.

7. William Parsons – implanted Burnham Plan – an urban design employed Neoclassic architecture.

12.Fernando Amorsolo ● romantic painter – Dalagang Filipina, idyllic landscapes, historical paintings ● graphic artist –The Philippine Readers (book) The Independent ( newspaper) ● logo designer - Ginebra San Miguel.

8. Thomas Mapua- Filipino architects who designed buildings during the period.

9. Andres Luna de San Pedro- Filipino architects who designed buildings during the period.

10.Antonio Toledo- Filipino architects who designed buildings during the period.

11. Fabian dela Rosa (naturalists Painter) – Planting Rice (1921), El Kundiman( 1930) Succeeded Enriquez as director. Known for his naturalist paintings characterized by restraint and formality in brushwork, choice of somber colors and subject matters.

13.Guillermo Tolentino (sculpture ) – Oblation ( 1935) UP Oblation ( 1958) Bonifacio Monument ( 1933).

Detail of Tolentino's statues of Bonifacio and the Katipuneros...