Chapter 8 - class notes PDF

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Chapter 8 1. The term "body image" refers to a. the mental representation you have of your own body. 2. A positive body image is associated with which of the following? a. possessing a broad concept of beauty b. healthy eating behaviors c. tending to self-care 3. How does the media portray female beauty? a. as an attribute of physical desire 4. Men's magazines publish more advertisements and articles about a. changing body shape. 5. In the past fifty years, the shape of male action figures has a. become unrealistically muscular. 6. Body image is strongly influenced by a. Culture 7. Compared with women of other ethnicities, ______ women have historically been the most prone to body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. a. White 8. Eating disorders among females are most likely to develop in a. Adolescence 9. Generally, how do women feel when they see advertising that portrays women as thin? a. The advertising makes them feel dissatisfied with themselves. 10. How do different groups respond to the effects of puberty on body image? a. Trans and gender-conflicted people try to limit the effects of puberty on their bodies. 11. Modern expectations for male body image a. include smaller waists and larger arms. 12. What role do sports have in the risk of eating disorders for female athletes? a. The risk is highest in sports in which there is a benefit from being lean. 13. Disordered eating behaviors often involve the act of removing calories from one's body through induced vomiting or the abuse of laxatives. These acts are known as a. Purging 14. Which of the following is not  an example of a disordered eating behavior? a. being food-conscious 15. Which of the following are key characteristics of eating disorders? a. severe disturbances in eating behaviors b. a distorted body image 16. Though not as severe as full-blown eating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimia, disordered eating behaviors affect the quality of life because they are a. Abnormal eating patterns 17. The frequency of eating disorders in society at large appears to increase when

a. food is abundant in that society. 18. True or false: When coping with disordered patterns, White males tend to engage in more extreme weight loss strategies than males from other groups. a. False 19. Which of the following is not a significant type of eating disorder? a. skipping meals 20. Which of the following is not  considered a relatively high-risk group for developing eating disorders? a. senior citizens 21. Eating disorders are most common in these countries. a. industrialized b. Western 22. A tendency toward eating disorders can be caused by which of the following types of factors? a. genetic b. Cultural 23. What would be indicated by the fact that a person who may have anorexia is displaying symptoms of decreased energy, decreased interest in activities, and changing sleep patterns? a. The person may have a combination of an eating disorder and depression. 24. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that is marked by a. an obsession with food. 25. Which of the following statements regarding sexual orientation and risk of eating disorders are true? a. Bisexual men are at a greater risk of developing eating disorders than heterosexual men are. b. Heterosexual men are less likely to develop eating disorders than homosexual or heterosexual women are. 26. It can be difficult to diagnose depression in a person with anorexia because a. starvation produces symptoms that are similar to those of depression. 27. Which of the following are characteristics of anorexia nervosa? a. a refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight b. a distortion of body image c. an intense fear about being overweight 28. Among the criteria used in diagnosing anorexia is a refusal to maintain body weight at or above minimally normal levels for one's age and height. As a consequence, an anorexic might be a. a fully grown adult with a BMI of 15. 29. In an episode of binge eating, a person with bulimia nervosa would be likely to a. feel a sense of lacking control. b. feel that he or she cannot stop eating.

c. consume a very large amount of food. 30. Which of the following are leading causes of anorexia-related death? a. suicide b. electrolyte imbalance c. cardiac arrest 31. A person might be diagnosed as suffering from bulimia nervosa if his or her episodes of binge eating and purging occur at least a. once a week for three months. 32. In contrast to anorexia, the health effects of bulimia are more closely associated with a. electrolyte imbalance. 33. Many complications associated with anorexia are reversible; however, it appears that ______ is not reversible, particularly when anorexia occurs in adolescence. a. bone loss 34. The health effects of binge-eating disorder can include which of the following? a. osteoarthritis b. high blood pressure c. Diabetes 35. With treatment, about ______% of people are able to achieve a full or partial recovery from anorexia or bulimia. a. 80 36. Bulimia-related death is associated in particular with a lack of a. Potassium. 37. Which of the following is a criterion that indicates that a person can be considered to have recovered from anorexia or bulimia? a. restoration to within 15% of recommended weight 38. The first step in treatment of severe eating disorders is to a. medically stabilize the patient's weight. 39. The loved ones of a person with an eating disorder may deny, or at least fail to recognize, the problem because a. dieting, exercise, and preoccupation with food are so much an accepted part of our culture. 40. Which of the following statements are true concerning the use of antidepressants to treat eating disorders? a. It quickly decreases the binge-purge cycle of bulimia. b. It helps in the weight-maintenance phase of anorexia. 41. Which of the following are typically performed in the second phase of treatment for an eating disorder? a. psychotherapy b. nutritional rehabilitation and education c. behavioral relearning and modification

42. The defects that a person with body dysmorphic disorder sees in his or her body are likely a. to be imaginary. 43. Body dysmorphic disorder is characterized by an obsession with a. a defect in appearance, whether real or imagined. 44. Muscle dysmorphia is also referred to as a. Bigorexia. 45. Which of the following ancient cultures used navel piercing as a sign of royalty? a. Egyptians 46. Which of the following statements regarding the risks that are associated with body art are correct? a. tattoo dyes may cause allergic reactions b. tattooing can cause an infection c. piercings may leave behind scars or residual openings 47. Muscle dysmorphia may be related to this disorder, which is marked by recurring thoughts that people cannot get out of their heads. a. Obsessive-compulsive 48. The female athlete triad often overlaps with what other conditions? a. anorexia b. Bulimia 49. One warning sign of female athlete triad is a. a muscle injury or an exercise-related stress fracture. 50. Which of the following statements on the prevalence of tattoos in the United States are accurate? a. Most tattoos are obtained by people aged 16 to 23. b. Rates among men and women are about even. 51. Which of the following is not  a component of the female athlete triad? a. athletic anxiety patterns, a complex of performance anxiety-related behaviors 52. The female athlete triad often overlaps with what other conditions? a. anorexia b. Bulimia...