Chemistry Formula Sheet PDF

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Chemistry Formula Sheet PURPOSE Calculating moles of a substance Percentage composition of X in Y

FORMULA 𝑚(𝑋) 𝑚(𝑌)

𝑋 𝑖𝑛 𝑌 =

×100% = 𝐷=

Density of a substance

𝑐 =

Molarity of a substance Concentration of a substance in parts per million

𝑚 𝑀

𝑛 =

𝑐 =

𝑚(𝑚𝑔) 𝑚(𝑘𝑔)

𝑚 𝑉 𝑛 𝑉

=

𝑀(𝑋) 𝑀(𝑌)

𝑚(𝑚𝑔) 𝑉(𝐿)

Dilution

𝑐𝑉 =𝑐𝑉

Heat released in reaction (Enthalpy) Molar heat of reaction (Enthalpy change)

𝑞 = 𝑚𝐶∆𝑇 𝑞 𝑚𝐶∆𝑇 ∆𝐻 =− 𝑛 =− 𝑛

1 1

Volume of a substance given conditions Hydronium-Hydroxide ion concentration pH of an acid/base pOH of an acid/base Concentration of the hydronium ion Degree of ionisation within acids Biochemical oxygen demand

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]

𝑉 𝑉𝑀

×100%

2 2

= 𝑛

⎡⎢𝐻 𝑂+ ⎥⎤ 𝑂𝐻− = 1. 0×10−14𝑚𝑜𝑙2𝐿−2 ⎣ 3 ⎦ + 𝑝𝐻 =− ⎡⎢𝐻3𝑂 ⎥⎤ ⎣ ⎦ − 𝑝𝑂𝐻 =− 𝑂𝐻 = 14 − 𝑝𝐻

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]

⎡⎢𝐻 𝑂+⎤⎥ = 10−𝑝𝐻 ⎣ 3 ⎦

𝐼𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝐵𝑂𝐷 = 𝐷𝑂

𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙

⎡⎢𝐻 𝑂+⎥⎤ ⎣ 3 ⎦ [𝐴𝑐𝑖𝑑]

− 𝐷𝑂

5 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟...