CII Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre-Case Study PDF

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Architectural Case Study August 2012 ®

© Confederation of Indian Industry

by Sunanda Subramanian Student of Architecture BMSCE, Bangalore

The First LEED Platinum Rated Building in India – CII Godrej GBC It offers advisory services to the Industry in the areas of : • Green buildings • Energy Efficiency • Water Management • Environmental management • Renewable energy • Green business incubation • Climate change activities ®

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Pancha Bhutas ancient belief states that life exists because of the presence and balance of the five classical elements  They are associated with the five senses  They act as the gross medium for the experience of sensations Bhumi The Concept :What derives itself from nature returns to it. (earth) This is applied in the practice of Architecture:  a building gives back to nature even as it takes from it Aakash thus reducing the ecological footprint  (void) An attempt to make a positive change in design by Reducing the negative impact on the environment in terms of: Use of materials Water Management Energy Efficiency Sustainability Natural Ventilation Reuse and Recycle Renewable Energy Effective Land Use Ecological footprint Carbon Footprint Socio Cultural Response etc Vaayu (air )

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Jala (water)

Agni (fire)

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  1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from cradle to grave Expanding and complementing the classical building design in matters of economy, utility, durability, and comfort Designing to reduce the overall impact of the built-up environment on human health and the natural environment by: Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources Protecting occupants’ health and improving productivity Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation Ensuring sustainability Natural building - use of natural materials available locally.

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Wind direction

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Summer

Winter

Annual Mean Temp

Monthly Mean Temp

Max Temp Ever Recorded

Min Temp Ever Recorded

26 ^C

21-32 ^C

45.5^C

8^C

Combination of tropical wet and dry climate - borders on a hot semi-arid climate

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Residential

Commercial

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Water

Located at the lowest region of the site for maximum accumulation using existing site drainage pattern

MAIN CAMPUS

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• Located on the flattest zone on site- least interference to site features during construction •Easy access from Main Road •Centrally located on site •Scope to create buffers surrounding the building for effective design according to site climate •Less prone to pollution © Confederation of Indian Industry

Max

AIR POLLUTION

Min

Maximum exposure to pollution- North and West boundaries of the site, along the main roads

Max

Min

NOISE POLLUTION © Confederation of Indian Industry

ROUGH ESTIMATE-NOT PLOTTED TO ACCURACY

Natural Drainage pattern utilized to harvest rain water at point of maximum accumulation

Ridge

Valley

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Warm breeze that picks up heat from the vast expanse of barren land in the surroundings

Cooled by the presence of Greenery and further by the water body to the North

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Harsh west heat fil tered and partially blocke d by the landscape and the plantations in the w est

Orientation of the buildings capitalize on all favorable conditions on site and measures have been taken to fix the problems on site

WINTER © Confederation of Indian Industry

CLIMATE RESPONSIVE DESIGN (contd…) Cooled air is retained and circulated within the site and prevented from escaping by landscape on all sides There is circulation of wind within the site along the circular exteriors of the building- easy flow

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Warm breeze from the South West gets filtered and cooled by the presence of lush greenery

SUMMER

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TO MAIN GATE

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Main entrance located at the main road Surrounded by Medium Rise commercial buildings (under construction) © Confederation of Indian Industry

The main gate opens to a long driveway with lush greenery on both sides creating EMPHASIS to the entrance

Security Cabin

Gate

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The main building has direct access from the main road, But the entrance to it is from the inside to ensure privacy and security © Confederation of Indian Industry

BUS STOP

Charging Station

•Building located near a public transport station.

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•Bicycle riders are treated preferentially - convenient parking, lockers, shower cleaning •30 % of employee transportation: carpools, bicycles, and LPG cars •Use of battery operated vehicles encouraged - Charging stations available • The documented reduction of harmful emissions achieved is 62 % •Encourage building occupants to minimize their reliance on fossil fuel-based transportation. © Confederation of Indian Industry

Emphasis of the Entrance by a large projected overhang/ portico

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Separation of Pedestrian and Vehicular movement for easy circulation © Confederation of Indian Industry

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BUILT VS UNBUILT AREA • Site Area : 5 acres Built Up Area : 20000 sq ft • Building footprint: Only 9.2% of site • Minimum disturbance to the existing site features • Large area for landscape to enhance micro climate and for visual delight © Confederation of Indian Industry

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     

Zoning done by HIERARCHY in terms of PRIVACY PUBLIC- Reception, Library SEMI PUBLIC – Administration, Office for employees SEMI PRIVATE – Seminar hall PRIVATE - Conference rooms, Cabins for Senior Executives COMMON AREAS – for circulation and gathering

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Unity

Linear Access

Convergence

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Central Organization

Circulation Scheme encourages interaction

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Arrows indicate Circulation within the building, surrounding the Central Courtyard along colonnaded corridors

Recessed Staircase to first floor © Confederation of Indian Industry

Everything acquires rounded edges, soft forms, and thus forms a closer association •Arrangement of spaces according to size to create balance

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Convergence of individual spaces to the Central Court, binding them together

•Courtyard as central Focal Point •Use of green spaces to fill in voids between solids

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Minimal damage during construction and occupancy, to the natural elements of water flow, air quality, vegetation, and topography The built form responds to the rocky site. Small footprint, design retains site contours and existing boulders. "Contour trenching" adopted to avoid erosion and sedimentation. During construction, barricades were installed to prevent contaminants from spreading to surrounding areas. Care has been taken not to disturb the activities of a temple nearby

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The spatial and formal elements around a courtyard create

introverted blueprint.     

Courtyard space was not rigidly fixed but could be adaptable depending on the time of day, season Its mood changed with varying degrees of light and shade, and with them the ambience Centrally located, serves as visual anchor.. It was the spatial, social, and environment control center of the home. By building them around a central open space ensured close relationships between separate units Brought in an additional usable space within the living space.

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In history : Haveli, Wada, Deori , Nalukettu, Totti mane. etc © Confederation of Indian Industry

Traditional gathering place for intellectual encounters and cultural functions.

Court yard acts as the energy centre, also the communication centre

Centre creates a centrifugal effect, Parts of the design spring apart, try to escape from the centre, but are caught and held together again by a bracket, a round canopy over the connecting route.

Inside Yet outside Stay connected to nature

Exploded geometry

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Introverted courtyard The axis mundi the axis of creation

MECHANICS OF A COURTYARD

The courtyards act as "light wells," illuminating adjacent work areas

NIGHT

DAY

Courtyard functions as a convective thermostat and gives protection from extremes of weather. The total number of courtyards in one residence could sometimes be five to six. A PATTERN OF SOLIDS AND VOIDS As the courts progress in and out from the exterior structure, they form a pattern of negative and positive spaces

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Colonnaded corridors surrounding the courtyard convey a sense of Rhythm and Movement

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SHADE

Shade

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Like most olden systems of construction, structures are

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kept ground hugging ensuring natural modulation of microclimate and creating more interaction with nature Gives a sense of being close to nature

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SEAT

LIB

Reception desk and library

REC

Seating at the reception E LIB

Great collection of books for reference during non office hours!

Library, e library and admin

Extremely Well Lit

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CAFE

Easy access from main entrance

Easy circulation in block organization

OFFICE SPACE

COURT YARD LEISURE

WIND TOWER COURT YARD

EX HIB I

T IO

A H U

N

OFFICE SPACE

NORTH LIGHT GLAZED ROOF

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CONFER ENCE

Sufficient Diffused Daylight for all areas through recessed courtyards and North light Glazing © Confederation of Indian Industry

Grid like arrangement of desk spaces

ROOF GARDEN CENTRAL COURT

TO ROOF GARDEN All workstations organized around a central court

Naturally lit throughout the day ®

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INFORMAL GATHERING SPACE

PARTITION WALLRETRACTABLE

Gathering space outside for interactive discussions before and after seminars May also be used as dining space

Can be divided using partition walls to create smaller meeting rooms – flexibility of spaces

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 Spaces located in the overlap between inside and

outside create informal spaces for interaction Out Transition

In

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Easy navigation - use of ramps for circulation Wheelchair friendly washrooms

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Building layout ensures that 90 % of spaces have daylight access and views to the outside. North facades are glazed for efficient diffused light Low heat transmitting glass used Double glass to further reduce heat gain Natural lighting - no lights are used until late in the evening Minimum lux levels for all work stations have been ensured Light captured from as many sides possible - the use of courtyards

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Natural light ensured in dark corners by the use of full length slits for maximum light

All work stations have ample natural light

North light roof used to naturally light the entire green technology centre ®

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Light may been filtered in meeting rooms and offices by the use of shutter curtain panels

Fully glazed windows help to light the entire technology centre

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Allow controlled passage of air and light into the interior space.

Exterior wall of washrooms

throw patterns of light and shadow on the floor enhancing aesthetics

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Ensure constant flow of breeze into the interior occupant comfort cools the interiors

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An alternative to costly window construction

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Courtyard

Diffuse the glare of ®direct sunlight.

Jali walls at GBC Passage to washrooms

Traditional Islamic Jali © Confederation of Indian Industry work

RECEPTION MAX( > 300LUX)

GREEN TECHNOLOGY CENTRE

MIN ( > 250 LUX) ALMOST NIL (50 - 100 LUX)

Each individual space within the building supplied with minimum standard requirements of illumination for various activities

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MEETING ROOMS

The office block on the first floor receives sufficient natural light within even on dull days by the presence of internal courtyard and glass windows along all exterior walls MAX( > 300LUX)

Since the seminar hall is generally air conditioned and lit mechanically, only optimum level of natural light has been ensured

MIN ( > 250 LUX) ALMOST NIL (50 - 100 LUX)

OFFICE BLOCK

SEMINAR HALL Where natural light un available- washroomssensor lights have been used to save power

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WASHROOMS © Confederation of Indian Industry

The outside brought in -COURTYARDS Influences microclimate and hence human comfort Contributes colour and is a visual delight Defines and articulates space

Greenery and Landscape is proven to be therapeutic and a stress buster ®

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Green cover acts as modifier of micro climate

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Landscaping by sequential arrangement of different sizes of plants for various effects

CANOPY TREES       

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Create mass from the outside, for a canopied space from the inside Trunks imply but do not enclose space Spaces formed have ceiling, no walls, only columns Fairly open at eye level Tree trunks act as landscape columns and give architectural character to the site Modify the natural light quality Penetrating sunlight adds to the dynamism of the space Extend lines or rhythm of architecture into exterior space © Confederation of Indian Industry

Large Trees Provide Bulk To Plant Mass

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UNDERSTOREY TREES    

Suitable for small, intimate courtyards Provide colour, shade without overpowering the space Used as accent plants or focal plants Are effective in screening mid or low angle sun

Frangipani tree ®

Bamboo

The Buddha Belly Bamboo tree © Confederation of Indian Industry

Canon ball tree

SHRUBS

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Define and separate spaces without blocking vision

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Shrubs can effectively unify a composition

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GROUND COVER

• Unify groups of plants into a composition • Creates edges • Lead the eye to focal points, building entries • Can create lines of visual character overlapping with paving Bio degradable • Beneficial in stabilizing slopes, plastic grass crates preventing erosion used to hold grass– easy removal and maintenance

Defined pathways in landscape to reduce disturbance to plant species ®

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Large expanse of ground cover used to create focus on Local craftwork as landscape elements Tree trunks and columns lined with gravel stone – attention to detail aesthetics

A Responsibility Towards The Environment Creating Awareness – About green architecture About the building About construction And material, flora and fauna ®

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Water Has Sensual Value: • It triggers the mind • It augments meaning • It reinforces communication • It calms the mind and relieves stress

Water is also used to modify site climate by evaporative cooling

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Existing rocks used as sculptural features © Confederation of Indian Industry

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Ashoka Tree Saraca asoca Ashoka is one of the most legendary and sacred trees of India Ashok means without grief or that which gives no grief

Coral Jasmine Nycthanthes arbortistis •Tree of Sorrow •The tree flowers only at night and sheds them like tear drops before the sun rises •Leaf is rough and the abrasive nature of the leaf is employed to scrub metallic vessel, to give them a shine. •Has medicinal properties and is used in Ayurveda

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The Sensitive Plant/ Touch-me-not Mimosa pudica  A prickly plant spreading on the ground or on the herbs  the plant uses its ability to shrink as a defense from predators.  It is used to reduce toxicity of venoms and fixes nitrogen in soil for plans to utilize Joy perfume tree/Champa Magnolia champaca  This tree is regarded to be the personification of Goddess Lakshmi  Increases the wealth of the family  Its timber is used in urban landscaping  Flowers are used to make the world's most expensive perfume 'Joy' in America  ® Used as an ornamental tree © Confederation of Indian Industry

Bottle Gourd or Calabash Lagenaria siceraria  Dried Calabash is used as bottle, Utensil or Pipe.  Used to Prevent chicken pox  Popular vegetable in many world cuisines,  In parts of India, the dried, unpunctured gourd is used as a float for swimming Indian instruments, such as the tanpura, sitar and rudra veena, are  constructed from dried calabash gourds  Used as a utensil for water or drinks in many countries

Spear mint Mentha spicata    ® 

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Mint is a symbol of hospitality Often cultivated for its aromatic and carminative oil, referred to as oil of spearmint. Has medicinal properties Ingredient in several mixed drinks and teas Also used in flavouring © Confederation of Indian Industry

Basil Ocimum basilicum     

Culinary herb A full, fresh leaf, in a cash register or wallet, is said to draw money Very characteristic smell Basil seeds used in Asian drinks and desserts such as faluda and sherbet Used for their med...