Class 21 sexuality - Lecture notes 21 PDF

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psyc 160...

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class 21 sexuality pg 354-367

Sexuality over the lifespan Learning goals How does our sexuality change and develop over the lifespan? What are some variations in human sexuality and what theories explain these variations? ❖ Adolescence ❖ Early and late maturation ➢ Differences in boys and girls ➢ Associates to when we start having sex ➢ Girl: develop earlier often viewed differently more mature/ sexual ❖ Impact of media and peers ❖ Masturbation: starts in adolescence ❖ What is sex? ➢ Oral, penetration, “petting” ❖ Adolescence ➢ Secual idetnity in Erikson’s stage of identity vs role confusion ➢ Typically 1 of 2 directions Religious guilt and shame; peer pressure, may influence your decision About 5-6% of adults identify as homosexual or bisexual yet some conform in high school due to fear of coming out and peer distress ❖ Alfred Kinsey’s sex studies 1948,1953 ➢ 5300 white men, 5940 white women ➢ Sexual orientation is context-specific and on a continuum ■ Many don’t start having sex till married or in college ■ Kinsey scale: ● Suggests there is a scale of homosexual and heterosexual ➢ Learned gender and sexual orientation are not the same thing. ■ ex) masculine guys can be both homo and heterosexual ❖ Sexual orientation: direction of sexual interest ➢ > 1 in 4 boys, 1 in 10 girls experiment with homosexuality ➢ Asexual: no sexual feelings with others ➢ Emerging sexual identities ➢ Biological factors ■ Hypothalamus and hormones: ■ Genetic evidence ➢ environmental/cultural (macrosystem) factors: ■ The Sambia of Papua New Guinea ● Boys are taught to be homorsexual until marries ■ Female genital mutilation (FGM) ■ Religious and romantic scripts ■ Homophobia: (Blumenfeld & Raymond, 2000) ● Hate crimes and bullying ● ■ ■

Heterosexism: cultural believe that heterosexuality should be the own norm ● Homosexuality removed from DSM-lll in 1973: removed from mental disorders ● Marriage laws ■ Freud’s opposite-sex patent identification ypothesis: identify with opposite sex parent results in homosexuality ● Dominant mother/ “weak” father role modeling ypothesis would result in a lesbian daught and vice versa for gay son ■ Double standard: its okay for men to have premarital sex but not for female ● In US 64% of men and 47% of woman have sex by age 17 ➢ Coming out ■ Mothers and fathers reactions ● Generally positive reactions ■ Only 5% of parent-child relationship willl suffer ■ Does not only occur in adolescence ■ Gay-straight alliances: leads to positive campus climate Teen pregnancy ➢ 1 every minute in the US ➢ Lower SES correlates with increased sexual behaviors ■ Less sex ed, contraceptives ➢ Interventions ■ Sex ed and life planning ■ Teaching about condoms ■ What doesnt work: virginity pledges, abstinence-only education ➢ Contraception and condom use; alternatives to sex “outercourse” Emerging adults ➢ Casual sex ➢ Hooking up ➢ Permissiveness with affection script: if both partners allows to have sex bc of romantic feelings you should be allowed to whether or not married Middle adulthood and marriage ➢ Have less sex bc: ➢ Drop in hormone levels Older adults ➢ Age 57-64 ■ 75% active ■ Older women may be less active if they outlive their partners ■ No firm fata on LGB status ➢ Age 70+ ■ Maturbation > 1x a week ■ ■

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