Class Notes - 7 - Instructor Josh Davis PDF

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.kClass Notes – Lecture 7 The British Invasion – Some of the rest of the bands  With the great success of the Beatles, a lot of other English rock groups came over to the usa  The most prevalent of these bands was the Rolling stones, opposite to beatles  This first wave of the British Invasion seemed to be organized along this dichotomy o Pop based style like beatles o Rolling stones, blues based  The term “British Invasion” meant groups from Britain involved, marketing image  The music coming out of the British Invasion was “Beatles-Type” Bands  In the city of Liverpool, former skiffle groups, continute to follow American music sounds, particularly in rockabilly and mainstred  These were known as Mersey beat bands  Through the late 50s and the early 60s there was a rock and roll, stream of amreican merchants, marines that would bring over records  This sound was characterized by rockabilly, mainstream and English folk The Searchers  Formed by John McNally (guitar/vocals) in 1963. He was joined by Mike Pender (guitar/vocals); Chris Curtis (drums/vocals) and Frank Allen (bass/vocals)  Their specialty was  They hit the #1 position in 1964 Song: Needles and Pins  Starts with drums – fairly strong backbeat; a guitar riff enters next – this will characterize the chorus  Bass enters  Unison vocals enter – guitar, bass and drums accompany  Guitar riff returns at the chorus  Harmonized vocals start at the end of the second verse and continue through the song  Cymbals become much more active here Gerry and the Pacemakers  For a few months, Gerry and the Pacemakers were  The band consisted of Gerry Marsden (guitar/vocals); brother Fred Marsden (drums); Les Chadwick (bass); and Les McGuire (piano)  First __________ how do you do it, beatles passed it on  In 1964, with the help of George Martin, the group would record, and remarkably similar to leiber and stoller Song: Don’t Let the Sun See You Crying  Begins with piano, guitar, bass, orchestra and drums - very distinctive backbeat  Melodic lead vocals enter – answered by English horn – an orchestral instrument  Simple verse form – verses are delineated by the title lyrics  The song managed to make it to #5 on American charts  Marsden, the lead writer for the group, nostalgic notes  It also spawned a semi autobiographical movie  The song shows touches of symothoy and flutes, wall of sound and phil specktor approach Song: Ferry Cross the Mersey*  Begins with a drum ostinato (riff) that continues through the intro and into the verse

 Strings, guitar and bass enter, creating the accompaniment over which Gerry sings – very melodic vocals  At the chorus (“Ferry cross the Mersey”), the drums fall into a more regular rock ‘n’ roll beat – strings become more active  Second verse – strings and flute play fills Billy J. Kramer and the Dakotas  While Kramer hailed from Liverpool, back up band from macnhester  He was a small time artist who was mangaged and produced by the same people that did the beatles  He covered a lot of beatles songs, didn’t have a strong voice, instruments would play louder to cover it up  His biggest hit was Little children, not written by the beatles  It managed to reach, brief stardom in the states Song: Little Children  Characterized by a very interesting drumbeat  Guitar introduces the melody in the introduction  Instrumentation includes drums, percussion, bass and guitar  Lead vocals enter  (Later in the song, harmonized vocals and an almost military-style drumbeat characterize a bridge section)  A more pop-based rock ‘n’ roll erupted out of Manchester UK, mindless drubble associated with the british invasion,  It is said that many of the bands that came out of England Some of the Manchester bands: Herman’s Hermits  Herman’s Hermits was machester band, “bubble gum pop” females teenage demograohic  Headed by 16-year old vocalist Peter Noone, the band consisted of Keith Hopwood (guitar/vocals); Karl Green (bass/vocals); Derek Leckenby (guitar/vocals); and Barry Whitwam (drums)  They hit the top of the charts twice, 1965 and Song: I’m Henry the VIII, I Am*  Starts with a strong rock ‘n’ roll beat  Guitar comes in with a little lick and then falls into a riff – bass enters  Lead vocals enter – sporadic shouting backup vocals  Very repetitive – simple verse form Song: Mrs. Brown, You’ve Got A Lovely Daughter  Starts with a guitar intro – the opening rhythm remains pretty constant throughout the song  Solo vocals enter over top of this  Drums, rhythm guitar and bass enter on the third line of the vocals  Instrumentation remains constant for the second verse  Bridge features a couple of key changes, but the basic instrumentation and rhythm remains the same  Lryics are sully, marrying onle men named henry Freddie and The Dreamers  “crown princs”  The group consisted of Freddie Garrity (vocals) and his backup band The Dreamers (consisting of Roy Crewsdon (guitar); Derek Quinn (guitar); Pete Birrell (bass); and Bernie Dwyer (drums))

 They were also accused of elevating the lack of intelligence to an art form, stage act while he would sing, called the Freddie  As their careers waned in Britain, they  Their single I’m Telling You Now Song: I’m Telling You Now  Starts with drums, guitar and bass  Lead vocals enter almost immediately adding harmonized backup vocals that switch between nonsense syllables and repeating lyrics  Backbeat is emphasized by guitar chords  Guitar is the featured solo instrument The Hollies  Though formed in 1963, the Hollies  Allan Clark (lead singer) and Graham Nash (guitar/vocals) formed the nucleus of the group – they were joined by Eric Haydock (bass); Tony Hicks (guitar); and Bobby Elliot (drums)  They were referred to as harmonies, bubble gum pop,  Their music showed a serious and ambitious side, more effort into their music, would never escape the bubble gum pop rock  When Nash left to group to pursue a different carrer Song: Bus Stop*  Starts with lead guitar soloing over a very repetitive bass line  Drums signal the entrance of the vocals and rhythm guitar  Vocal harmonization that the band is known for enters on the third line of the verse  The bridge really shows off this band’s superb vocal harmonization – backbeat is more emphasized here  Meeting future partner at a bus stop  In the city of London, upper-class college students gravitate between R&B ro  However, London’s musical stylings pinned down to one particular style, Petula Clark  Clark started as a child star, trying to shake the image as she got older, first British female to reach told of the usa charts rock star  She is still an active performer today, though more popular in the UK  This shows more of the soft rock influence Song: Downtown* Artist: Petula Clark  Starts with piano solo  Solo vocals enter with light drums/percussion  Backup vocals enter on the title lyrics  The last part of the verse is characterized by a much denser texture including strings, backup vocals, horns, and much more active drums (bossa nova rhythm)  Second verse includes guitar, strings, piano, bass and percussion for accompaniment  Loneliness and travelling downtown Peter and Gordon  Although these two hailed from scottland, went ot boarding school in London  During this time, they decided that singing everly brothers tunes was more fun that studying  They met Paul McCartney, hit it off,

 Here there is more of a rockabilly flavor f Song: A World Without Love  Starts with bass and drums – light backbeat  Short guitar riff precedes the entrance of the vocals  Vocals enter in unison – very slight harmonization  Second verse shows their harmonized vocal style  Organ enters at the bridge – vocals return to unison  Lyrics of loneliness Dusty Springfield  One of the few women to hold her own from the beginning of the bristih invasion to the end of the decadne  She had a tough but tender voice with a lot of soul  She also had the right look, figure, makeup, easily marketable  You Don’t Have to Say You Love Me is an example of her soft rock influe Song: You Don’t Have to Say You Love Me* Artist: Dusty Springfield  Starts with a brass fanfare  Harmonized backup vocals, drums, strings and percussion enter  Stop time as lead vocals enter  Lead vocals are accompanied by strings, piano (triple division of beat), bass and drums  At the chorus, triple division moves to drums; harmonized backup vocals and brass enter  Relationship turmoil The British Invasion and The Rolling Stones*** short answer  As mentioned previously, there were really two dominating styles of music the characterized the British Invasion: o Softer more refined, range from dusty spring field o Hard R&B orientated bands, rolling stones  Blues revival in Britain – a result of british fans turning away from pop orientated  1954 – Chris Barber started a band that plays a mixture of jazz skiffle and country  Some members broke away and alex corner and serial daives  Blues Incorporated became the training group for a lot of blues style rockers,  1962 – rolling stones would form, everything the beatles weren’t  Both groups seemed to the ebatles came form working class families, portrayed as young upper class, rolling stones from upper class portrayed as rough bad boys  Mick Jagger and Keith Richards (guitar)  Mick had met Charlie Watts and Brian Jones through Blues Incorporated – along with Keith, Bill Wyman (bass) and Ian Stewart (piano), the Rolling Stones  1963 – they hired 19-year old Andrew Loog-Oldham and his partner Eric Easton as managers  named after a muddy waters tune  Oldham approached decca records for a recording contract  They started out as a blues band, covers of other tunes Song: I Want to Be Your Man Artist: The Beatles  Starts with guitar – very simple song  Light drums – mostly tambourine, guitar and bass  Drums are a little more noticeable in the chorus

 Unison vocals for the verses; harmonized verses for the chorus Song: I Want to Be Your Man Artist: The Rolling Stones  Longer introduction  Instrumentation includes tambourine, bass, guitar, light drums  Walking bass enters with semi-shouting vocals  More aggressive guitar sound – heavier bass  Featured solo instrument is guitar Song: Not Fade Away Artist: Buddy Holly  Starts with a riff in the guitar, bass and drums  Harmonized backup vocals enter  Stop time with drums when lead vocals enter  Guitar and backup vocals supply fills Song: Not Fade Away Artist: The Rolling Stones  Starts with guitar chords – has a quicker tempo  Bass enters; handclaps emphasize the backbeat; maracas play on all four beats; tambourine enters less frequently; harmonica  Semi-shouting vocal style  Harmonica plays fills in the second verse  No drum set – just a variety of percussion instruments        

1964 – By 1964, they’re also Launch their first After a tour to Europe, a second American tour, takes place at the end fo 1964, This time they appeared on ed ullivan show, swore they would never have them again for the ruckess Also appeared on the T.A.M.I. teenage music international 1965 – they released their second album They hit the U.S. Top Ten

Song: Time is on My Side  Starts with guitar soloing over Hammond organ  Drums and bass enter with vocals  Mixture of solo and harmonized vocals  Tambourine emphasizes backbeat  Already, there is a move away from from blues to a rock based, if they wanted to go anywhere they would have to write their own music  Oldham realized that if the band  Earliest effort included ideas  1965 – one of the stones most recognizable, catchy guitar riff, lyrics, shoot to #1 with overltyl sexual lyrics  The tune, characterized by Song: (I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction  Starts with guitar riff accompanied by bass  Drums enter followed by the tambourine, which has its own distinct riff

   

Guitar riff drops out as vocals enter at the chorus Harmonized vocals enter in the bridge going to the first verse Guitar riff returns through the verse Short instrumental bridge featuring tambourine and drums leads back to the chorus

 Soon after, Easton was pushed out by management,  End of 1965 – released an alblum Decembers children, just in time for Christmas  Contained their second #1 USA hit Song: Get Off of My Cloud  Starts with drums which sets up a riff that will characterize the entire song  Bass and guitar enter; occasional handclaps add to the percussion  Semi-shouting vocal style  At the chorus, the drums change – it is characterized by a call and response texture    

Around this time Brian drop acid 1966 – all original albllum Blues and soul roots are prevelant, Brian Jones’ versatility, plays a multitude of different instrument, adding a new dimesntion

Song: Paint it Black*  Starts with electric guitar outlining the melody  Drums shots – drums accent every beat  Sitar, guiro and bass enter – to begin with, the sitar mirrors the vocal line  Vocals go from melodic to semi-shouting  Ominous and depressing Song: Lady Jane  Featured instrument is the dulcimer – a multi-stringed instrument – only 3-5 of the strings are actually played – the rest act as a drone (sympathetic strings)  Starts with acoustic guitar – the dulcimer solos over top of this  Melodic vocals enter – call and response with the dulcimer  Bass enters with vocals – no drums Song: Under My Thumb  Starts with drums  Marimba enters with a riff that will permeate the entire piece  Guitars play shots at the end of each line; bass enters  Semi-shouting vocals enter; handclaps emphasize the backbeat  This last tune reflected the  The album Between the Buttons  Also released the album flowers  One of their hit singles was  When they performed Let’s Spend the Night Together, they sensored the lyrics and said lets spend some time together Song: Let’s Spend the Night Together  Features a layered texture  Starts with bass and piano; harmonized vocals enter  Drums enter emphasizing every beat  Solo vocals enter over bass, drums and piano  Harmonized vocals provide fills in the verse and sing through the chorus

“Rolling Stones”-Type (Blues-Based) Bands The Zombies  The group comes from  Perhaps one of the most distinctive and underrated groups  Although they ended up only with three major hits  Their careers started rolling when Juke Box Jury, #2 in the USA, hardest based blues sound  The song has a Song: She’s Not There*  Starts with bass, piano, guitar and drums  Drums have a distinct drums beat through the opening verse – not a real strong backbeat; characterized by a little hi-hat flourish at the end  Solo vocals start over this accompaniment – harmonized vocals enter  Song goes from minor to major as it goes into the chorus  Drums have more of a rock ‘n’ roll beat – harmonized vocals become more present  Bass lick leads back into the introductory material  Lyrics about heartbreak (loss of relationship)  By 1968, the band had was no longer, only one full cohesive album (odesty and oracle) masterpiece of pop/ psychidella, reaching new levels of sophistication. Branching out beyond Romanic these. Ablum was rated in the 100 of the top 500 rock ablums by rolling stones The Moody Blues  The group originated in burmigham  Their first hit Go Now! was obsture tune, never really saw fame in its original  The song features lead singer Denny Laine, who would eventually leave the group and join paul mcartneys new band after he left the beatles “called the wings” Song: Go Now! Artist: The Moody Blues  Starts with a cappella vocals  Piano and bass enter – the piece is in triple time (3/4), thus there really is no backbeat  Drums and rhythm guitar enter with backup vocals  Backup vocals are a mixture of nonsense syllables (a la doo-wop) and repetition of words (a la Motown)  (Piano is the featured solo instrument)  Though they started with an r&B and join a new movement called Art or Progressive rock, rock and roll mixed with classical music. This would lead to their more famous songs. Manfred Mann  Michael Lubowitz (Mann) attended the most prestiougs music school in the world (juliards in new York) as a pianist  The band was originally a jazz octet from south Africa (eight people)  When he moved to London, he pairs down the band to 5 person band. Because his jazz flavoured tune was working  Though it is their more blues-based style and soft rock  The song Do Wah Diddy Diddy

Song: Do Wah Diddy Diddy* Artist: Manfred Mann  Starts with instrumental intro – organ/electric piano, drums, guitar, bass and maracas  Drums lightly emphasizes backbeat; maracas play on all beats  Stop time when the lead vocals enter  Call and response between backup vocals and lead vocals  Chorus is a cappella with the exception of drums  Organ/electric piano is featured through the bridge  Lyrics are innocent: love driven The Yardbirds  Outside of the Beatles and the Rolling Stones, they are one of the “most influential” groups coming out of London  The group is mostly known as the starting point for 3 great British guitar players (jimmy page, eric Clapton, and jeff beck)  Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck and Jimmy Page – the rest of the band consisted of Jim McCarty (drums); Paul Samwell-Smith (bass); Chris Dreja (rhythm guitar) and Keith Relf (lead vocals)  The band formed in 1963 –  In 1964, release their first album , five live yard birds  At this point, they had solo guitar and harmonica, amplified bass, harder driving sound  The song Good Morning Little School Girl Song: Good Morning Little School Girl  Begins with guitar lead-in; drums enter with strong backbeat; harmonica solos over top of this  Semi-shouting vocals enter – harmonica drops out of the texture – returns to play fills at the end of the verses  Bass guitar fills out the instrumentation here  Simple verse form  When neither the album or any singles crack the pop market  They changed directions radically on their single for your love, pop/rock song  The song, itself, would introduce different traits that would characterize the band o 1. Melodies are a strange combinations of minor chords o Tempos would change, speed up slow down or come to a stop (all over the place) o Vocal harmonies, create something of a drone (think of bag pipe, you have a certain amount of notes, not a lot of intricate, a few notes being static ) o Strange assortment of instruments Song: For Your Love* Artist: The Yardbirds  This piece is in ternary form – Intro – A – B – A  Starts with harpsichord and bowed bass (both played by studio musicians)  Bongos and anvil enter next  Drums come in with backup vocals – they repeat the title while the lead singer sings the verse  Cascading vocal effect at the chorus  Change in drums signals the beginning of the middle section – a much more rock ‘n’ roll sounding section with a walking bass and more active drums and cymbals  Lyrics about professing love to another  The song precipitated a major crisis in the band – Eric Clapton was a blues person, so he leave the band, because he didn’t want to go in the direction they were going

 Though the spot was first offered to Jimmy Page, at the time he was one of the hottest studio sessions in Britain, hired gun for various albums or jignes, refuses the spot and Jeff beck takes the spot  Beck was only with the band for 18 months, had an enormous influence on the 60s guitar sound  Beck was more experimental in the guitar, bend and use fuss, distortion, instead of a pure clean sound would sound more fuzzy, a lot of extra built in,  His first single with the band was Heart full of soul Song: Heart Full of Soul  Begins with distorted fuzz guitar and drums shots – this will return to delineate verses – also ends the piece  Solo lead vocals enter over bass, acoustic rhythm guitar, drums and bongos – semi-shouting vocal style  Backup vocalists join at the end of each line of verse  Chorus has a more aggressive beat to it  In 1966, they put out their  Roger the Engineer highlighted the group’s very erratic quality, bouncing between blues, oriental and guitar  Also in 1966, Jimmy Page finally join the band, would share lead guitar duties  In late 1966, Beck left the band, nervous exhaustion...