Describe the behaviors apparent for each disorder in this scenario 113020 PDF

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Describe the behaviors apparent for each disorder in this scenario (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder). In this scenario Ryan displayed ADHD behaviors when he was unable to remain still at school. Children with ADHD tend to lose focus, become fidgety and also have trouble waiting their turn at times. Later on, he began to show irritability, would throw temper tantrums, displayed as a very unhappy child and would not comply with his parent’s rules. These behaviors would be examples of Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).

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If this behavior becomes worse and Ryan starts to violate the rights of others, what medical diagnosis will be given and why? If Ryan’s behavior is to continue as they say and that he was bullying others at school he is likely to be diagnosed with Conduct Disorder (CD). Conduct disorder is when a child shows ongoing patterns of breaking rules, and aggression to peers/animals that may cause harm. Children with CD are more likely to become injured or have issues getting along with others. By his actions of not listening, breaking rules, and bullying/causing harm to others would cause the diagnosis of CD.

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Discuss at least two types of medication appropriate to treat Ryan and support your choices with rationale and credible resources 1. Clonidine (alpha 2 agonist): An extended release of this medication has shown improvement in behaviors of ADHD, ODD, and CD. This medication can be used alone or in combination to improve emotional symptoms. 2. Ritalin- This is a medication that stimulates the nervous system. It targets the dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain that can help reduce symptoms related to ADHD. Ritalin is also considered a methylphenidate.

Rationale: Utilizing these two medications together was shown to help improve aggression and attention deficit issues in children. Clonidine can be tried out first beginning with a low dosage and once increased if no improvement is shown, Ritalin can be added. 

Describe why therapy for the parent is important in this scenario including at least two supporting rationales. Family therapy would be a great start to utilize so that any issues or concerns can be discussed together. In some cases, parents will begin to have arguments

on who is being the good cop vs bad cop. These issues can cause strain on families and not help the behavior of the child. A family therapist will help sort through any of these issues, can provide a safe place to discuss how the caregivers are feeling about the diagnosis, and can also assist in a behavioral modification plan. If the child has siblings they also may need to attend if they are having issues getting along. These sessions will allow the parents to ask any questions that they may have regarding helping their child with daily tasks to behaving at school. Individual therapy: Having individual sessions without the other partner can be beneficial if they need to voice their concerns that may upset the other partner. By having this session, they may be able to learn a way to communicate how they are feeling without upsetting their spouse because communication is important especially in these situations. The parents will both need to be on the same page when it comes to parenting and support one another’s decisions. Everyone deals with things in their own different ways, so by utilizing an individual therapy session they can feel at ease to relay their emotional feelings on their child’s recent diagnosis. Learning this kind of information can also be overwhelming so a session an also seem decompressing to them. Resources Diagnosis and treatment of conduct disorder. (n.d.). Journal of Ethics | American Medical Association. https://journalofethics.ama-assn.org/article/diagnosis-and-treatment-conductdisorder/2006-10

Clonidine and methylphenidate were effective for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with comorbid tics. (2002, September 1). BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine. https://ebm.bmj.com/content/7/5/157...