DM Zoom 11:18:21 pdf PDF

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Cutting: removal of material by a shearing off process Abrasion: wearing away of a surface Finishing: process of producing the final shape and contour of a rest Polishing: process of abraiding a surface to reduce the size of scratched until it is shiny Abrasive: the material doing the abrading Tribology: science of interacting surfaces in motion Types of abrasives: -chalk: calcite -pumice: volcanic ash -sand: quartz -cuttle: fine grand quartz -garnet: very hard/abrasive (silicates of manganese, magnesium, iron, cobalt, and aluminum) -emery: natural aluminum oxide -silex: silica-like material (similar to quartz) -tin oxide: final polishing agent for teeth and metallic restor. -aluminum oxide: replaced emery Bonded and Coated Abrasives: -diamond burs -stones -rubber wheels or points -rubber cups -disks or strips -polishing powders Factors Affecting the Rate of Abrasion: -hardness -size -shape -pressure -speed -lubrication

Why We Polish: -to reduce adhesion -to make the surface feel smooth -to increase esthetics -to reduce corrosion Preparation for Polishing: -review medical history -review charts for oral conditions/restorations -review radiographs Polishing is a series of steps where each step removes a layer of material by abrasion Polishing Technique: -slow speed -light, intermittent pressure -use the least abrasive agent possible Air Polishing Powders Sodium bicarbonate Aluminum trihydroxide Glycine powder Calcium carbonate Calcium sodium phosphosilicate (Novamin) Erythritol Contraindications for Air Powder Polishing -low sodium diet -respiratory disease -conditions that limit swallowing or breathing (COPD) -communicable infections -immunocompromised patients -patients taking potassium, antidiuretic, or undergoing steroid therapy

For dentures -inspect them in front of the patient -return them without deposits Dentifrices: -watch for abrasive content -ADA acceptance Abrasives used in Dentifrices: -phosphates -carbonates (sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate) -silica Factors Affecting Abrasion Rate by Dentifrices: -intraoral: xerostomia, saliva, exposed root surfaces, deposits, restorative materials -extraoral: type, size, and amount of abrasive in the dentifrice as well as the quantity of dentifrice used...