Elicited Behaviors Notes PDF

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Elicited Behaviors  Elicited behavior o A behavior that is drawn out by a certain stimulus  Involuntary o Types  Reflexes  A relatively simple, automatic response to a stimulus  Some are more complicated than others o Startle response  Defensive reaction to sudden, unexpected stimulus o Orienting response (also called the rooting reflex)  Position we to make it easier to pay attention to a stimulus o Protective reflexes  Example: baby cheek touch, vomiting reflux, & Flexion response  Fixed action patterns o A fixed sequence of responses in a species elicited by a specific stimulus  More complex  Involves a sign stimulus/releaser o Because they are often unique to certain species-specific behavior o It is thought that these developed from evolutionarily adaptive response to their environment  The reflex arcs o Three components  A sensory neuron  An interneuron  A motor neuron  Simple Mechanism of Learning o Habituation  Decrease in strength of the elicited behavior with repeated exposure to the stimulus  Example: hearing a ticking clock when you first walk into the room but not noticing if after several minutes o Sensitization  Increase in strength of the elicited behavior with repeated exposure to the stimulus  Opponents process Theory of Emotion o Two competing processes  A process  Directly elicited by the event/stimulus

B process/opponent process  Elicited by a-process  Serves to counteract the A-process o Goal is to maintain homeostasis  Is the tendency for the body, physiological process, to want to stay balanced, at an equilibrium? o The a-process correlates closely with the emotional experience o Through the B process responds to the A process activation, it does so more slowly.  It is slow to increase, and slow to decrease o With repeated presentations of the emotional event, the B-process increase in strength and duration  Serves to better compensate for the A process disruptions to homeostasis Evidence of Opponent Process Theory in humans o re-victimization  Some people are presently involved in abusive relationship or can’t leave such a relationship o Substance addiction  Drug addiction is result of an emotional pairing of pleasure and the emotional, aversive, symptoms associated with withdrawal. 

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