English - Chapter 17 notes, section two, three, four PDF

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Summaries on lecture notes and book for chapter 17, building sentences (PART TWO)...

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Chapter 17 - Part two, three, four 17.2 - Subjects and predicates Subjects and predicates A sentence consists of a subject and a predicate. Subject - someone or something that either performs an action or is described. Predicate - expresses the action initiated by the subject, or gives information that describes, identifies or categorizes the subject. Compound subjects/predicates - contain a connecting word such as like, and, or, but.

17.3 - Complements Complements Complements - parts of the predicate required by the verb to make a sentence complete. Generally a pronoun, noun or noun with modifiers. There are four complements: direct objects, indirect objects, subject complements and object complements.

17.4 - Phrases Phrases Phrases - a sequence of grammatically related words without a subject, a predicate or both. Phrases are categorized based on its most important word. Noun phrases consist of a main noun and its modifiers. Verb phrases include a main verb and one are more auxiliary verbs like be, have, do, will and should. A verbal phrase serves as a noun or a modifier instead of as a verb. Gerund phrases - include a verb form ending in -ing. Infinitive phrases - serve as nouns or as modifiers. The form of the infinitive is distinct, the infinitive marker to followed by the base form of the verb. Prepositional phrases - provide information about time, place, cause, manner and so on. Appositive - most often a noun or a noun phrase that refers to the same person, place or thing.

Absolute phrase - usually a noun phrase, modified by a prepositional phrase, an adjective phrase or a participial phrase....