Evolution Webquest for the work of biology PDF

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Its a worksheet with answers on the evolution of WebQuest. It's very helpful that you can have the answers for this....

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Evolution

Name: _Kory

McGregor______________________ Date: __5/24/21______________

1. Natural Selection and Evolution http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/ocr_gateway_pre_2011/environme nt/4_survival_of_fittest1.shtml Go to the website to answer the questions below. What are two things fossils provide us? We can tell how long life has existed on Earth, and how different plants and animals are related to each other. What is a fossil? A fossil is the preserved remains of a dead organism from millions of years ago. Explain 3 ways fossils can form. Permineralization, freezing, compression, and entrapment by amber are 3 ways they can form. How does this diagram support the theory of evolution? Fossils of the simplest organisms are found in the oldest rocks, and fossils of more complex organisms in the newest rocks.

Review the evolution of the horse table. Explain at least 2 major changes that took place over the last 60 million years. The huge mass extinction and the decrease of Earth's temperature, causing an expansion of ice sheets and glaciers.

Why do you think these 2 changes occurred? There was to much of major climate changes to the earth causing the mass extinction. Using the timeline, place the events on the table in the correct order, from oldest to most recent. List them below. Common ancestor, Ancestral species, and speciation.

The theory of evolution states that evolution happens by natural selection. What are the 4 key points: Variation, Inheritance, Differential survival, and Adaptation are the 4 key points.

Explain how some microorganisms such as bacteria like E. coli can become antibioticresistant? Bacteria can evolve quickly because they reproduce at a fast rate. Mutations in the DNA of bacteria can produce new characteristics, and a random mutation might cause some bacteria to become resistant to certain antibiotics. Who was Charles Darwin? What is the name of his book and when was it published? Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who studied variation in plants, animals, and fossils during a five-year voyage around the world in the 19th century. His book was called On the Origin of Species, and it was published on November 24, 1859.

Main feature of Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection: 1. Individual organisms within a particular species show a wide range of variation_____for __characteristic _________ resources 2. Individuals in a population show natural variables ______ 3. Individuals with characteristics best suited to their _environment _____ are more likely to _survive____ to _breed successfully_________ 4. Successful characteristics are _ enabling these individuals to survive are then passed on to the next generation. Lamarck’s Theory: 1. Law of use___________ and __disuse_____________ 2. Law of _transmission________________ of __acquired _______ characteristics How would Darwin explain why snakes don’t have legs? Darwin would say and explain that complexity evolved simply as a result of life adapting to its local conditions from one generation to the next, much as modern biologists see this process.

How would Lamarck explain why snakes don’t have legs? He would explain and say as organisms adapted to their surroundings; nature also drove them inexorably upward from simple forms to increasingly complex ones.

2. Mechanisms of Evolution: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/evo_14 Go to the website to answer the questions below. Evolution is the process by which _modern______________organisms have descended from ___ancient ____________ ancestors. Evolution is responsible for both the remarkable ____similarities ___________ we see across all life and the amazing ____diversity ___________ of that life. List 4 mechanisms (causes) of change and explain how each effect a population’s genes. 1. Mutation: A mutation could cause parents with genes for bright green coloration to have offspring with a gene for brown coloration. 2. Migration: Some individuals from a population of brown beetles might have joined a population of green beetles. That would make genes for brown coloration more frequent in the green beetle population than they were before the brown beetles migrated into it. 3. Genetic Drift: Genetic drift is thinking that in one generation, two brown beetles happened to have four offspring survive to reproduce. Several green beetles were killed when someone stepped on them and had no offspring. The next generation would have a few more brown beetles than the previous generation — but just by chance. 4. Natural Selection: Imagine that green beetles are easier for birds to spot (and hence, eat). Brown beetles are a little more likely to survive to produce offspring. They pass

their genes for brown coloration on to their offspring. So in the next generation, brown beetles are more common than in the previous generation. Three primary sources of genetic variation include: Mutations, Gene flow, and sex

Mutations can cause a) no change in phenotype, b) small changes in phenotype, c) big changes in phenotype. Two reasons mutations may occur include: DNA fails to copy accurately_______and external influences____________________________________________. One example of migration (gene flow) is pollen being blown to a new destination or people moving to new cities or countries.

Sexual reproduction causes genetic “shuffling” by organisms reproducing sexually How is genetic drift different from natural selection? . Genetic drift affects the genetic makeup of the population but, unlike natural selection, through an entirely random process.

Natural Selection at Work: Provide 3 examples of natural selection. Heredity, Differential reproduction, and variation.

True or False Scientists use the word “fitness” to describe organisms that are the strongest, fastest, and/or biggest. True or False An adaptation is a feature common in a population because it provides some improved function and is produced by natural selection. What is a vestigial structure? Provide two examples. Fish species that live in completely dark caves that have it in their eyes and certain bird species that have it in their wings.

3. Divergent & Convergent Evolution Review the PowerPoint and answer the questions below. Define the following terms: a. Homologous Structures –Structures derived from a common ancestor or same evolutionary or developmental origin. b. Divergent Evolution – The accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, leading to speciation. c. Analogous Structures – Result from convergent evolution – adaptations of different types of structures that solve a problem in a similar way. d. Convergent Evolution – The independent evolution of similar features in species of different periods or epochs in time. Matching: Match the words above with the correct description. There may be more than one answer for each description. Homologous____ Cranium of vertebrates and exoskeleton head of insects Analogous____ Bats and Whales have echolocation (production, reception and auditory processing of ultrasonic pulses) Homologous____ Human, dolphin, bird similar wrist bone ____ Includes vestigial structures; such as our appendix Homologous____ Bird and insects both have wings Analogous____

Bodies of squid, sharks, seals, porpoise, penguin have streamlined

bodies Analogous ____

Genetic code among all living things is similar

Analogous____ Mammals and reptiles have similar auditory bones that exist inside the ear of mammals and on the jawbone of reptiles Homologous____ Dolphin’s flipper, bird’s wing, cat’s leg, human arm Homologous ____ Front teeth of beavers and tusks of elephants both have modified incisor tooth structures _Analogous___ Sugar glider squirrel from Australia and the flying squirrel from North America can both glide

Homologous____ Human tailbone and Monkey tail Homologous____ Giraffes, humans, and whales all have a vertebrae Homologous____ Humans, dogs, cats, snakes have similar pelvis bones Analogous____

Jointed legs of insects and vertebrates

Homologous____ Carpals, metacarpals, phalanges of human hand similar to penguins, reptiles _Analogous___

Fins of fish and flippers of whales

_Analogous___

Egg guarding behavior of cobra, octopus, and spider...