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( ( THE(UNIVERSITY(OF(NEW(SOUTH(WALES( SEMESTER(2(2013(EXAMINATIONS( LAWS2351/JURD7251:(COURT(PROCESS,(EVIDENCE(AND(PROOF( ( ( 1.%TIME%ALLOWED%–%3%hours%% 2.%READING%TIME%–%10%minutes%% 3.%THIS%EXAMINATION%PAPER%HAS%5%PAGES%% 4.% TOTAL% MARKS% AVAILABLE% –% 100.% This% exam% is% worth% 70%% of% your% final% mark% in% Court% Process,% Evidence%and%Proof%(marks%on%this%paper%add%up%to%100%and%will%be%scaled%to%70)%% % 5.%TOTAL%NUMBER%OF%QUESTIONS%–%4%% YOU%SHOULD%ATTEMPT%ALL%4%QUESTIONS.%% QUESTION%4%contains%an%internal%choice:%YOU(NEED(ONLY(ANSWER(A(or(B% % 6.%MARKS%AVAILABLE%FOR%EACH%QUESTION%ARE%AS%FOLLOWS:% QUESTION%1%,%parts%(a)`(c)%(worth%40%marks%=%72%minutes)% QUESTION%2%(worth%20%marks%=%36%minutes)% QUESTION%3,%parts%(a)%and%(b)%(worth%20%marks%=%36%minutes)% QUESTION%4%HAS%A%CHOICE%OF%QUESTION%A%or%B.%(worth%20%marks%=%36%minutes)% % 7.%ALL%ANSWERS%MUST%BE%WRITTEN%IN%INK.%EXCEPT%WHERE%THEY%ARE%EXPRESSLY%REQUIRED,% PENCILS%MAY%BE%USED%ONLY%FOR%DRAWING,%SKETCHING%OR%GRAPHICAL%WORK%% 8.%THIS%PAPER%MAY%NOT%BE%RETAINED%BY%CANDIDATE%% 9.%THIS%IS%AN%OPEN%BOOK%EXAM.%CANDIDATES%MAY%BRING%TO%THE%EXAMINATION%any%printed%or% handwritten%materials.%%

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R%v%Francene%FETTA%&%Bill%BRIE% In% January% 2012% Bonney% BRIE,% aged% 25% months% presented% at% Princess% Elizabeth% Hospital% in% Bondi,% Sydney.% Bonney’s% mother,% Francene% Fetta,% aged% 20% and% her% grandmother,% Crystal% Camembert,% brought%Bonney%to%the%Hospital’s%Accident%&%Emergency%concerned%that%she%had%had%epileptic%fits.% Bonney’s%grandfather%and%uncle%have%epilepsy.% The% three%had%traveled% from%Lemon% (in%regional%New% South% Wales)% that% day% because% they% were% concerned% that% the% doctors% at% Lemon% District% Hospital% were% not% sufficiently% aware% of% childhood% epilepsy% symptoms% to% appreciate% the% seriousness% of% Bonney’s%condition.% Bill%Brie,%Bonney’s%father,% aged%22,%was%working%and%arrived%in%Sydney%the%next% day.%Crystal%Camembert%is%Bill’s%mother.% Dr(Salmon,%an%intern%with%two%weeks’%experience%as%a%doctor,%examined%Bonney.%He%noted:%% 28/1/12,(3(am:"“Bonney" Brie,"aged"3"years," presented"at" 9.10"pm" yesterday"with"yellowing"bruises"to" her"forehead,"chin,"left"forearm"and" wrist."She"was"tender"in" the" abdomen" and" had" bruising"to" the" back"of"her"head."I"questioned"her"mother,"Ms"F"Fetta"who"said"her"motherEinElaw,"Crystal," had"been" looking"after"Bonney"over"the"past"weekend"and"that"Crystal"had"told"her"that"the"bruises"were"‘from" falls"where"Bonney"appeared"to"stop"playing,"become"glassyEeyed,"and"drop"like"a"stone"–"sometimes" on"her"face," sometimes" backwards"and" that"she"was"also"a" ‘headEbanger’’."Consistent"with"possible" *

epilepsy?% Discussed" with" Registrar" in" relation" to" referral" for" further" testing" (EEG" or" MRI? )" (Dr" Flounder)”"[signed"by"Dr!Salmon]" The%next%entry%on%Bonney’s%medical%notes%is%signed%by(Dr(Trout,%Consultant%Paediatrician:%% 31/1/12,( 2( pm:% “I" have" reviewed"Dr" Salmon’s" notes" and" spoken" w ith" Dr" Flounder" on" 29/1/12" who"has" described"the"child"and"the"family"to"me."Flounder"said"the"mother’s"description"of"how"the"child"was" injured"does"not"ring"true"and"he"indicated"that"the"pattern"of"bruising"is"consistent"with"abuse."In"my" professional"opinion" the"likely"cause"is"that"the" parents"who"are"young"and"unemployed"(I"would"say" unemployable)" have" been" abusing" Bonney." Police" have" been" notified." Epilepsy???" Not" a" plausible" scenario." Classic"child"abuse"and"neglect"by"stupid"people"who"shouldn’t"be"allowed"to"have"children." Signed"Trout”% On%6th% February%2012% police%interview% Francene%Fetta,%Bill%Brie% and%Crystal%Camembert%(separately).% Both%Francene%and%BIll%insist%that%that%the%bruises%are%from%Bonney%falling%or%banging%her%head%on%her% cot.%Crystal’s%statement%includes%the%following%passage:% “I% often% look% after% Bonney% on% weekends.% She% is% a% great% little% kid,% though% she% can% be% wilful% on% occasion.%I’ve%been%getting%worried%about%her%though.%She%does%seem%to%be%accident%prone.%Often% when%she%comes%to%my%house%I%notice%bruises%and%Francene%says%she’s%been%falling%over%quite%a%bit.% I’ve% asked% Francene% how% she% is% coping% and% she% always% says% that% she% is% fine,% but% Bill% says% that% Francene% has% been% losing% her% temper% with% Bonney.% I’ve% noticed% that% Francene% has% been% edgy% recently.%%She%wouldn’t%mean%to%hurt%her,%but%sometimes%I%wonder%if%she%is%taking%enough%care.%%

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%EEG%and%MRI%tests%are%relevant%to%%investigating%epilepsy.%%

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In% June% 2012% Fetta% and% Brie% are% charged% under% s% 227(a)% Children" And" Young" Persons" (Care" and" Protection)"Act"1998:%% % ‘A"person"who"intentionally"takes"action"that"has"resulted"in"or"appears"likely"to"result"in"…"(a)" the"physical"injury"or"sexual"abuse"of"a"child"or"young"person,"…"is"guilty"of"an"offence.’"" " Fetta% and% Brie% have% pleaded% not% guilty.% The% hospital% notes% have% been% provided% to% defence% in% accordance%with%the%Criminal"Procedure"Act"1986%(NSW).%" Fetta" and" Brie’s" trial" has" commenced" in" the" New" South" Wales" District"Court." Fetta" and" Brie"are" being" tried"together"but"have"separate"representation." (

QUESTION(1((40(marks(in(total)( The%prosecutor%has%decided%not%to%call%Dr%Salmon.%She%has%transferred%to%a%hospital%in%Brisbane%and% he%believes%that%because%she%is%junior%she%is%unlikely%to%be%an%impressive%witness.%% Dr(Trout,(the%Consultant%Paediatrician%has%just%stepped%into%the%witness%box%and%been%sworn%in.%He%is% a%prosecution%witness.%%The%prosecution%wants%to%admit%into%evidence%the%medical%notes%dated%31/1/12% and%then%question%Dr%Trout%with%respect%to%each%item% in%them% to%get%him%to%confirm%on%oath%all%the% information%contained%in%the%notes.%% (a)((As(defence(counsel(for(Fetta(you(object(to(this(approach.(Outline(all(possible(bases(upon(which( objection(may(be(made,(including(addressing(why(the(notes(dated(31/1/12((or(parts(thereof(–( which( you(specify)(should(not(be(admitted(into(evidence(this(way,(either(at(all,(or(at(this(point(in(the(trial.( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (20(marks)( The%Crown%Prosecutor%discovers%in%the%prosecution%file%an%EEG%Report%ordered%by%Dr%Salmon%from% the%Princess%Elizabeth%Hospital%(dated%4/2/12%–%and%received%on%file%in%May%2012).%The%Report%indicates% that% Bonney% is% not% suffering% from% epilepsy.% It% is% not% conclusive% proof,% but% it% would% assist% the% prosecution%to%have%this%evidence%admitted.(The%prosecutor%has%not%yet%closed%its%case%and%it%wants% to%introduce%this%EEG%Report.( (b)(Both(defence( counsel( feel( ambushed.(They( have( only(just(seen(the(Report.(Provide(advice(on( the(arguments(they(could(make(in(response(to(the(prosecutor’s(intention(to(tender(this(EEG(Report.( ( ( ((( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (10(marks)( In% a% break% in% the% prosecution’s% case,% Fetta’s% solicitor’s% clerk% overhears% Trout% saying% that% he% never% spoke%with%Dr%Flounder%on%29/1/12%because%neither%of%them%were%at%work%(despite%what%his%notes%of% 31/1/12%suggest).((( (c)(Can( the( defence( get(admitted(into(evidence(employment(records(from(the(hospital( that(show( that(neither(Dr(Flounder(and(Dr(Trout(were(at(work(on(29/1/12?(Explain(the(issues,(including(timing,( involved.( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (10(marks)( (

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Question(2((20(Marks)( The%Prosecutor%calls%Crystal(Camembert.%The%following%exchange%occurs:% Q.3%Your%name%is%Crystal%Camembert%and%you%are%the%mother%of%Bill%Brie?%%%% A.3(Yes% Q.4%And%you%look%after%Bonney%on%a%regular%basis?%% A.4(Yes% Q.5(Have%you%ever%noticed%bruises%after%she%has%been%with%her%parents?%%% A.5(Nothing%unusual.%Bonney%is%a%bit%accident%prone.% Q.6(Have%you%ever%had%any%concerns%about%how%your%daughter`in`law%is%coping?%%% A.6%No.%I%don’t%want%to%say%anything%against%my%daughter`in`law.%She’s%good%with%Bonney.%They%both% are.% Q.7%Why%are%you%trying%to%protect%Francene?%Don’t%you%want%the%best%for%your%granddaughter?%% A.7%I%want%the%best%for%all%of%them.%I%don’t%want%to%say%anything%more.% As(Prosecutor,(outline(your(options(at(this(point(regarding(the(admission(into(evidence(of(Crystal‘s( statement( to( police( from( 6th(February( 2012.( In( your( answer( you( should( also( discuss( the( counterg arguments(against(admissibility(that(could(be(made(by(the(defence.((

QUESTION(3((20(marks)( The%prosecution%case%has%now%closed%and%Bill%Brie%elects%to%give%evidence.%He%has%prior%convictions:% • ONE% under% the% Prevention" of" Cruelty" to" Animals" Act,% 1979% for% neglecting% and% injuring% donkeys% (kept%in%his%backyard)%in%2010;% • ONE%for%dangerous%driving%(&%losing%his%licence)%in%2009%at%a%police%road%block%when%he%refused% to%stop;% • THREE%for%theft%of%bales%of%hay%from%Bill’s%neighbour%who%keeps%horses%in%2012.%% • ONE%from%early%2013%for%attempting%to%pervert%the%course%of%justice%(from%a%false%declaration%to% the% Department% of% Human% Services% when% his% wife,% Francene% Fetta,% was% prosecuted% for% falsely% claiming%benefits).% (a)(The(prosecutor(had(thought(about(adducing(Bill’s(convictions(as(evidence(in(its(case(and(before( Bill(gave(evidence,(but(they(were(not(sure(if(they(could(do(so.(Explain(whether(or(not(they(could( have(done(so.(((((((( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (10(marks)( Bill(Brie,%in%cross`examination:% Q4:%Bonney’s%a%handful,%isn’t%she?% A4:% She’s%a%really%happy% little%kid% …% playful%and% …% you%know% just%happy.%Bounces% around%a% lot%…% loved%animals%…%I%used%to%take%her%riding%on%my%donkeys%and%she%loved%that.% Q5:(But%she%is%wilful%and%obstinate,%isn’t%she?%% A5:%Just%the%usual%sort%of%toddler%behaviour,%you%know,%sometimes%she%won’t%eat%her%dinner%or%go%to% bed%…%% Q6:%And%what%do%when%she%won’t%eat%her%dinner?% Page%4%of%5%

A6:%Well,%I’ve%learned%to%be%patient.% Q7:%Because%you%get%impatient%with%her%very%quickly,%don’t%you?%% A7:%We%cope%alright.%% Q8:%Really?% A8:%Francene’s%Mum%used%to%say%I%was%more%patient%and%gentle%than%she%was%with%her%kids.%Francene% and%her%mother%have%both%got%a%bit%of%a%temper%with%the%little%ones.% Q9:%Patient%and%gentle?%%Just%like%you%were%with%your%donkeys?% A9:%My%donkeys?%I%don’t%know%what%you’re%talking%about.%% Q10:%When%they%got%too%much%for%you,%you%beat%them,%didn’t%you?% A10:%I%loved%my%donkeys.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%…"[Your"Honour,"a"legal"issue"has"arisen"…]% ((b)((Now(that(this(crossgexamination(has(taken(place(can(the(prosecutor(tender(evidence(of(any(of( Bill’s(prior(convictions(and/or(past(offences?(Explain.((( ( ( ( (10(marks)(

QUESTION(4((20(marks)((Answer(EITHER(Question(A(OR(Question(B( Question(A:((Where%a%criminal%trial%involves%multiple%accused%one%accused%may%try%to%lay%responsibility% –% or% greater% responsibility% `% for% the% crime% charged% on% a% co`accused.% Sometimes% each% accused% may% attempt% to% place% blame% for% the% crime% on% each% other% (in% what% is% known% as% running% a% cut`throat% defence).%This%form%of%defence%is%facilitated%by%provisions%in%the%uniform%Evidence%Act%1995%(UEA)%in% two%ways.%First,%the%Act%contains%provisions%that%make%specific%reference%to%a% co`accused% and%these% permit% an%accused%to% defend%criminal%charges% at%the%expense%of%a%co`accused.%Second,% the%Act%also% contains%more%general%provisions%that%facilitate%a%cut`throat%defence%because%a%co`accused%can%avoid% an%onerous%limitation%or%obligation%that%applies%to%the%prosecution.%Through%both%types%of%provisions% the% defence% of% an% accused% can% involve% supporting% the% prosecution% case% against% a% co`accused% by% calling%evidence%or%applying%a%procedure%that%is%not%available%to%the%prosecutor.%% Discuss(at(least(TWO((2)(UEA(provisions(that(operate(in(the(way(described(above(and(explain(how( they(operate(to(benefit(one(accused(over(another(accused(in(the(same(trial(and(also(can(benefit(the( prosecution.(In(your(answer(you(should(illustrate(the(operation(of(the(provisions(by(reference(to( specific(cases(and/or(by(reference(to(a(hypothetical(variation(of(a(case(discussed(in(the(course.(

OR( Question(B:(%“Considerations%of%unreliability%of%photographic%identification%…%[including]%the%weight% to% be% attributed% to% the% evidence% …% are% matters% for% the% jury% to% weigh% up% and% assess% in% light% of% directions%given%to%them”%(R"v"Mundine"[2008]%NSWCCA%55%at%[38],%per%Simpson%J).( (Taking( into( account( the( position( outlined( in( this( quote( critically( assess( whether( juries( are( appropriately(resourced (to(assess(the(unreliability(of(evidence,(such(as(that(presented(in !Mundine’s( case(and(in(Dupas’s(case.(As(part(of(your(answer,(consider(the(role(of(an(expert(in(this(context.((

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