Exam preparations SPÅ2901 PDF

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Alt du trenger for å få en A i business comm! Inneholder utfyllende svar, definisjoner og eksempler som gir en god forståelse for hvordan du kan kommunisere med personer fra andre kulturer....

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Exam preparation SPÅ2901

Alt du trenger for å få en A I faget SPÅ2901. Inneholder flere definisjoner som gir karakteren A (kopiering av definisjoner er lov), eksempler, etikk delen og hvordan du skriver en introduksjon, konklusjon, ordlinking og ord sensorne vil at du skal bruke.

Inn Innho ho holds lds ldsfor for forte te tegn gn gnels els else e INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................ 4 MODIFYING WORDS......................................................................................................................................... 4 LINKING WORDS .............................................................................................................................................. 5 CONTRASTING.................................................................................................................................................. 5 PROVIDING EXAMPLES ..................................................................................................................................... 5 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................................... 5 Model conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 5 TERMINOLOGY APPLIED TO OUR SEVEN TARGET CULTURES: ........................................................................... 6 HOFSTEDE ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Individualist ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Power distance -> Management style....................................................................................................... 6 High power distance: ............................................................................................................................... 6 Low power distance ................................................................................................................................. 7 High uncertainty avoidance...................................................................................................................... 7 Low uncertainty avoidance ...................................................................................................................... 7 TROMPENAARS ................................................................................................................................................ 8 Universalist.............................................................................................................................................. 8 Particularist ............................................................................................................................................. 8 Achievement-based ................................................................................................................................. 8 Ascription-based ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Inner-directed .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Outer-directed ......................................................................................................................................... 9 GESTELAND/HALL ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Monochronic ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Polychronic .............................................................................................................................................. 9 High-context communication ................................................................................................................. 10 Deal-focused.......................................................................................................................................... 11 Relationship-focused.............................................................................................................................. 11 Formal ................................................................................................................................................... 11 Informal................................................................................................................................................. 11 Expressive.............................................................................................................................................. 11 Reserved ................................................................................................................................................ 12 GLOBE........................................................................................................................................................ 12

High Performance Orientation ............................................................................................................... 12 Low Performance Orientation ................................................................................................................ 12 High Gender Egalitarianism.................................................................................................................... 13

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High Assertiveness ................................................................................................................................. 13 Lower Assertiveness ............................................................................................................................... 13 TARGET CULTURES ......................................................................................................................................... 13 NORWAY ...................................................................................................................................................... 13 Moderate Performance Orientation ....................................................................................................... 13 High Gender Egalitarianism.................................................................................................................... 14 Low Assertiveness .................................................................................................................................. 14 Uncertainty............................................................................................................................................ 14 Very low power distance ........................................................................................................................ 14 Moderately individualist ........................................................................................................................ 14 Univeralist ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Achievement-based ............................................................................................................................... 14 Inner-directed? ...................................................................................................................................... 14 Low-context/direct communicators ........................................................................................................ 14 Deal-focused.......................................................................................................................................... 14 Very monochronic .................................................................................................................................. 14 Reserved ................................................................................................................................................ 14 Informal................................................................................................................................................. 14 More ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 JAPAN.......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Collectivist ............................................................................................................................................. 14 Moderately high power distance ............................................................................................................ 14 Very high uncertainty avoidance ............................................................................................................ 14 Moderately high Performance Orientation ............................................................................................. 15 Low Gender Egalitarianism .................................................................................................................... 15 Low Assertiveness .................................................................................................................................. 15 Particularist ........................................................................................................................................... 15 Outer-directed ....................................................................................................................................... 15 Highly ascription-based.......................................................................................................................... 15 Highly relationship-focused.................................................................................................................... 15 Very reserved......................................................................................................................................... 15 Moderately monochronic ....................................................................................................................... 15 Very formal............................................................................................................................................ 15 More ..................................................................................................................................................... 15 CHINA.......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Highly collectivist ................................................................................................................................... 15 Very high power distance ....................................................................................................................... 15 Very low uncertainty avoidance ............................................................................................................. 15 High Performance Orientation: .............................................................................................................. 16 Low Gender Egalitarianism .................................................................................................................... 16 Low Assertiveness .................................................................................................................................. 16 Highly particularist................................................................................................................................. 16 Ascription-based .................................................................................................................................... 16 Very outer-directed ................................................................................................................................ 16 Very relationship-focused ....................................................................................................................... 16 High-context communication ................................................................................................................. 16 Moderately reserved.............................................................................................................................. 16 Moderately polychronic ......................................................................................................................... 16 Very formal............................................................................................................................................ 16 THE US ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 The US vs Europe: .................................................................................................................................. 16 Highly individualist................................................................................................................................. 16 Moderately high power distance ............................................................................................................ 16 Low uncertainty avoidance: ................................................................................................................... 16

Very high Performance Orientation ........................................................................................................ 16 Moderately high Gender Egalitarianism ................................................................................................. 16

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Highly universalist.................................................................................................................................. 17 Highly achievement-based ..................................................................................................................... 17 Highly inner-directed.............................................................................................................................. 17 Monochronic ......................................................................................................................................... 17 Low-context communication .................................................................................................................. 17 Very deal-focused .................................................................................................................................. 17 Very informal......................................................................................................................................... 17 Variably expressive ................................................................................................................................ 17 FRANCE........................................................................................................................................................ 17 The north ............................................................................................................................................... 17 The south............................................................................................................................................... 17 Individualists.......................................................................................................................................... 17 Very high power distance ....................................................................................................................... 17 High uncertainty avoidance.................................................................................................................... 17 Moderately low Performance Orientation .............................................................................................. 17 Moderately high Gender Egalitarianism ................................................................................................. 17 Moderately high Assertiveness............................................................................................................... 17 Moderately universalist ......................................................................................................................... 17 Moderately ascription-based:................................................................................................................. 17 Moderately polychronic ......................................................................................................................... 17 Moderately relationship-focused............................................................................................................ 17 High-context features ............................................................................................................................ 18 Low-context features ............................................................................................................................. 18 Expressive.............................................................................................................................................. 18 Formal ................................................................................................................................................... 18 GERMANY..................................................................................................................................................... 18 Manufacturing culture known for........................................................................................................... 18 High Performance Orientation ............................................................................................................... 18 Moderately low Gender Egalitarianism .................................................................................................. 18 High Assertiveness ................................................................................................................................. 18 Very low-context communicators ........................................................................................................... 18 Deal-focused.......................................................................................................................................... 18 Highly monochronic ............................................................................................................................... 18 Moderately reserved.............................................................................................................................. 18 Formal ................................................................................................................................................... 18 Moderately individualist ........................................................................................................................ 18 Moderately low power distance ............................................................................................................. 18 Moderately high uncertainty avoidance ................................................................................................. 18 Universalist............................................................................................................................................ 18 Moderately achievement-based ............................................................................................................. 18 Inner-directed ............................................................................