Exam View - Chapter 18 - Seidel’S Guide To Physical Examination, 9Th Edition PDF

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Chapter 18: Abdomen Ball: Seidel’s Guide to Physical Examination, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Mrs. James is 7 months’ pregnant and states that she has developed a problem with constipation. She eat

is usually regular. You should explain that constipation is common during pregnancy because of change such as: a. decreased movement through the colon and increased water absorption from the stool. b. increased movement through the colon and increased salt taken from foods. c. looser anal sphincter and fewer nutrients taken from foods. d. tighter anal sphincter and less iron eliminated in the stool. ANS: A

Constipation and flatus are more common during pregnancy because the colon is displaced, peristalsis is absorption is increased. Movement through the colon is decreased during pregnancy. The colon does no sphincter tone is not related to pregnancy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 2. The family history of a patient with diarrhea and abdominal pain should include inquiry about cystic fibr a. a common genetic disorder. b. one cause of malabsorption syndrome. c. a curable condition with medical intervention. d. the most frequent cause of diarrhea in general practice. ANS: B

Cystic fibrosis is an uncommon, chronic genetic disorder affecting multiple systems. In the gastrointesti malabsorption syndrome because of pancreatic lipase deficiency. Steatorrhea and abdominal pain from i frequent complaints. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 3. When assessing abdominal pain in a college-age woman, one must include: a. history of interstate travel. b. food likes and dislikes. c. age at completion of toilet training. d. the first day of the last menstrual period. ANS: D

Exploring abdominal pain complaints in a young woman can reveal multiple causes related to the menst menstrual pain, ovulation discomfort, and abnormal menses. Asking the patient to tell you the first day o can help discriminate among these factors. History of international travel and traveler’s diarrhea can be r but interstate travel usually does not. Food preferences and age at completion of toilet training are not re DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 4. Infants born weighing less than 1500 g are at higher risk for: a. hepatitis A. b. necrotizing enterocolitis. c. urinary urgency. d. pancreatitis. ANS: B

Necrotizing enterocolitis is a gastrointestinal disease that mostly affects premature infants. It involves in that cause destruction of the bowel, and it becomes more apparent after feedings. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)

OBJ: Nursing process—assessment

MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

5. You are completing a general physical examination on Mr. Rock, a 39-year-old man with complaints of

examining a patient with tense abdominal musculature, a helpful technique is to have the patient: h ld hi h b h

6. Mrs. Little is a 44-year-old patient who presents to the office with abdominal pain and fever. During you

patient to raise her head and shoulders while she lies in a supine position. A midline abdominal ridge ris observation as a(n): a. small inguinal hernia. b. large epigastric hernia. c. abdominal lipoma. d. diastasis recti. ANS: D

A diastasis recti occurs when the abdominal contents bulge between two abdominal muscles to form a m lifted. It has little clinical significance and usually occurs in women who have had repeated pregnancies DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation 7. Mr. Robins is a 45-year-old man who presents to the emergency department with a complaint of constip

you note borborygmi sounds. This is associated with: a. gastroenteritis. b. peritonitis. c. satiety. d. paralytic ileus. ANS: A

Borborygmi are prolonged loud gurgles that occur with gastroenteritis, early intestinal obstruction, or hu paralytic ileus result in hypoactive bowel sounds. Food satiety does not stimulate growling sounds as do DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 8. To document absent bowel sounds correctly, one must listen continuously for: a. 30 seconds. b. 1 minute. c. 3 minutes. d. 5 minutes. ANS: D

Absent bowel sounds are confirmed after listening to each quadrant for 5 minutes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 9. Percussion of the abdomen begins with establishing: a. liver dullness. b. spleen dullness. c. gastric bubble tympany. d. overall dullness and tympany in all quadrants. ANS: D

Percussion begins with a general establishment over all quadrants for areas of dullness and tympany and target organs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 10. When percussing a spleen, Traube’s space is a: a. semilunar region. b. splenic percussion sign. c. left-sided pleural effusion. d. solid mass. ANS: A

Percussion of the spleen is more difficult because percussion tones elicited may be caused by other cond semilunar region defined by the sixth ribs superiorly, the midaxillary line laterally, and the left costal ma

DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation...