Seidel Guide To Physical Examination - Chapter 12 Eyes Practice Test PDF

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Chapter 12: Eyes Ball: Seidel’s Guide to Physical Examination, 9th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Mrs. Alden is a 29-year-old pregnant patient in her third trimester. She tells you that her vision has been

thinks she needs to get new contact lenses. You should advise her to: a. get new lenses as soon as possible to avoid complications. b. wait until several weeks after delivery to get new lenses. c. go to the nearest emergency department for evaluation. d. change her diet to include more yellow vegetables. ANS: B

Because of the increased level of lysozyme in the tears during pregnancy, a blurred sensation may occur weeks after pregnancy. The blurred vision is a normal occurrence during pregnancy. It is not an emergen diet-dependent. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 2. A condition that typically develops by the age of 45 years is: a. presbyopia. b. hyperopia. c. myopia. d. astigmatism. ANS: A

By 45 years of age, a condition known as presbyopia develops; presbyopia involves a weakening of acc occurs in early infancy. Myopia and astigmatism can occur at any time. DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 3. Which finding, when seen in the infant, is ominous? a. Difficulty tracking objects with the eyes b. Appearing to have better peripheral than central vision c. Blinking when bright light is directed at the face d. White pupils on photographs ANS: D

The absence of a red reflex, determined by physical examination or the appearance of white pupils on a retinoblastoma, a serious retinal tumor. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 4. Mr. C’s visual acuity is 20/50. This means that he: a. can see 50% of what the average person sees at 20 feet. b. has perfect vision when tested at 50 feet. c. can see 20% of the letters on the chart’s 20/50 line. d. can read letters while standing 20 feet from the chart that the average person

could read at 50 feet. ANS: D

Visual acuity is measured as a fraction, in which the top number is the distance that the patient is standin bottom number is the distance that an average person can stand and still read the line. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 5. The criterion for determining the adequacy of a patient’s visual field is: a. the ability to discriminate primary colors.

b. c. d.

the ability to discriminate details. correspondence with the visual field of the examiner. distance vision equal to that of an average person.

ANS: C

6. Mrs. S. is a 69-year-old woman who presents for a physical examination. On inspection of her eyes, you

eyelid droops, covering more of the iris than does the right. This is recorded as: a. exophthalmos on the right. b. ptosis on the left. c. nystagmus on the left. d. astigmatism on the right. ANS: B

Ptosis is when one of the upper eyelids covers more of the iris than the other lid, possibly extending ove DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 7. A condition in which the eyelids do not completely meet to cover the globe is called: a. glaucoma. b. lagophthalmos. c. exophthalmos. d. hordeolum. ANS: B

Lagophthalmos is a term used to describe the condition in which eyelids do not completely meet when c elevated pressure in the eye. Exophthalmus involves bulging eyes. A hordeolum is better known as a sty DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 8. Mr. Morris is a 38-year-old patient who presents to the clinic with complaints of allergies. An allergy ca

have a: a. cobblestone pattern. b. dry surface. c. subconjunctival hemorrhage. d. rust-colored pigment. ANS: A

A red or cobblestone pattern, especially to the upper conjunctiva, indicates allergic conjunctivitis. Allerg watery eyes rather than dry surfaces, hemorrhage, or rust-colored pigment. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 9. A pterygium is more common in people heavily exposed to: a. high altitudes. b. tuberculosis. c. ultraviolet light. d. cigarette smoke. ANS: C

Persons heavily exposed to ultraviolet light are more susceptible to the development of a pterygium. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 10. Mr. Brown was admitted from the emergency department, and you are completing his physical examinat

bilaterally, and you notice that they fail to dilate when the penlight is moved away. This is characteristic been: a. in a coma. b. taking sympathomimetic drugs (cocaine). c. taking opioid drugs (morphine). d. treated for head trauma. ANS: C

Pupil constriction to less than 2 mm is called miosis. With miosis, the pupils fail to dilate in the dark, a c ingestion or the use of drops for glaucoma. Pupils are usually dilated greater than 6 mm in a patient desc DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)

OBJ: Nursing process—assessment

MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation

11. When testing corneal sensitivity controlled by cranial nerve V, you should expect the patient to respond

12. You observe pupillary response as the patient looks at a distant object and then at an object held 10 cm f

You are assessing for: a. confrontation reaction. b. accommodation. c. pupillary light reflex. d. nystagmus. ANS: B

Testing for accommodation involves asking the patient to look at an object at a distance (pupils dilate) a much closer object (pupils constrict). DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 13. When inspecting the region of the lacrimal gland, palpate: a. the lower orbital rim, near the inner canthus. b. in the area between the arch of the eyebrow and upper lid. c. beneath the lower lid, adjacent to the inner canthus. d. adjacent to the lateral aspect of the eye, just beneath the upper lid. ANS: A

The lacrimal gland is located at the lower orbital rim near the inner canthus of the eye. DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 14. Examination to assess for extraocular muscle imbalance is conducted by: a. comparing pupillary responses to different shapes. b. having the patient follow your finger through planes. c. inspecting slightly closed lids for fasciculations. d. transilluminating the cornea with tangential light. ANS: B

The test for extraocular muscle function is to have the patient follow an object as you move it through pl observing for nystagmus. DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 15. Mr. Older is a 40-year-old patient who presents to the office for a follow-up eye examination after the di

retinal details in a myopic patient, you will need to: a. adjust your ophthalmoscope into the plus lens. b. move your ophthalmoscope backward. c. move your hand farther forward. d. turn your ophthalmoscope to a minus lens. ANS: D

The myopic patient (nearsighted) has longer eyeballs, so that light rays focus in front of the retina. To se (red) numbers by moving the diopter wheel counterclockwise; to assess a hyperopic patient, use a plus l DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation 16. Ask the patient to look directly at the light of the ophthalmoscope when you are ready to examine the: a. retina. b. optic disc. c. retinal vessels. d. macula. ANS: D

The macula is the site of central vision and is observed when the patient looks directly at the ophthalmos DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) OBJ: Nursing process—assessment MSC: Physiologic Integrity: Physiologic Adaptation...