Exercise 5 - Integumentary System Outline PDF

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This a lecture outline for BIO 210 Lab portion, to helps to label and guide the student....

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Exercise 5 – Integumentary System September 4th, 2020

Integumentary System – “The Skin” - Skin (___________) and its appendages make up the integumentary system. - A fatty layer (____________) lies deep to it. - Two distinct regions o Epidermis o Dermis - Functions of Skin: o Protection.  Cushions, insulates and is _________.  Protects from chemicals, heat, cold, and bacteria. o Synthesizes vitamin D with UV light (_______________________). o Regulates body heat. o Prevents unnecessary water loss. o Sensory reception (________________).

Cells of the Epidermis: o Four types of cells  _________________ – produce keratin (tough fibrous protein).  _______________ - make dark skin pigment melanin.  ______________ – associated with sensory nerve endings.  ____________________ – macrophage-like dendritic cells (help in immune response to viruses or antigens).

Exercise 5 – Integumentary System September 4th, 2020

Cells of the Epidermis:

Epidermis: (1 on labeled diagram) 1. Stratum Basale (______) 2. Stratum Spinosum (_______) 3. Stratum Granulosum (_________) 4. Stratum Lucidum (________) 5. Stratum Corneum (_________) Dermis: - Second major skin region containing strong, flexible connective tissue. - Composed of two layers: o Papillary (2 labeled on diagram) o Reticular (3 labeled on diagram) Papillary Layer: - __________ connective tissue o with collagen and elastic fibers. - Its superior surface contains peg-like projections called dermal papillae. (4 labeled on diagram) o Genetically determined. o Responsible for fingerprints and footprints. - Contains blood vessels that supply the overlying __________. o With nutrients. o Remove waste products. o Aid in regulating body temperature.

Exercise 5 – Integumentary System September 4th, 2020

- Pain and touch receptors are found here. o Free nerve endings (pain) (5 labeled on diagram) o Meissner’s Corpuscles (tactile) (6 labeled on the diagram) o Sensitivity to light touch Reticular Layer: - Dense irregular _____________________. - Elastic fibers provide stretch-recoil properties. - Contains pressure receptors - _________ (Pacinian) corpuscles. (7 labeled on the diagram) Skin Appendages: - Derived from epidermis but extend into dermis. - Include: o Hair and hair follicles, o Sebaceous (oil) glands (8 labeled on diagram) o Sweat (sudoriferous) glands. o Nails. - Sweat Pore (9 labeled on diagram) - Eccrine sweat gland (10 labeled on diagram)

Hair: - Hairs are columns of dead, keratinized epithelial cells. o Each hair consists of  A shaft above the ____. (13 labeled on diagram)  A ______ below the skin (14 labeled on diagram), enclosed by hair follicle. (11 labeled on the diagram)  A hair ____ the site of hair formation. (15 labeled on diagram) - Contraction of the _________________, which are smooth muscles, causes hair to “stand on end” and produces “goose flesh.” (12 labeled on diagram) Sebaceous Glands: - Found all over the body except on the palms and soles. - Secrete an oily secretion called _______.

Exercise 5 – Integumentary System September 4th, 2020

Sweat Glands: - __________ sweat glands (aka, Eccrine sweat glands) (10 labeled on diagram) - produce sweat, which cools the body; most numerous in the palms and soles of the feet - ___________ sweat glands: Found in axillary and genital areas. Ducts empty into hair follicles. Produce an organic secretion that can be broken down by bacteria to cause body odor.

Disorders of the Integumentary System: - Burns o Threat to ____.  Catastrophic loss of body fluids.  Dehydration and fatal circulatory shock.  Infection. o Types  ______ degree – epidermis only: redness (e.g. sunburn).  _________ degree – epidermis and upper dermis: with blistering.

Exercise 5 – Integumentary System September 4th, 2020

 _______ degree - full thickness. Destroying 13 epidermis, dermis, 9 5 often part of hypodermis. - Infections 4 cancer - Skin

8

6

12 1

2 14 7 3

11

15

10

Notes:...